Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Grznár Author-Workplace-Name: Economic University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Ľ. Szabo Author-Workplace-Name: Economic University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Title: Value added and its generation in agrarian enterprises Abstract: This article sets out to analyze the value added generation in the Slovak agrarian sector at the time of the accession to the EU compared to which we are severely lagging behind in the overall generation of gross value added. A more detailed analysis of the value added generation over the recent years in a group of agricultural enterprises being legal entities indicates that the enterprise efficiency expressed in terms of value added generation is markedly differentiated depending on the natural conditions of the locations where individual businesses operate. Great differences in the added value between enterprises can also be found in the group of enterprises having the same natural conditions. The reason for this is a differentiation in the degree to which intensification inputs are utilized due to high prices, lack of financial resources, inefficient combination of inputs used and insufficient recognition of the importance of the value added by managers, particularly in planning of production structures and production finalization grade. Keywords: intermediate consumption, added value, natural conditions, production structures Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 235-242 Volume: 50 Issue: 6 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5196-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5196-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-200406-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:50:y:2004:i:6:id:5196-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Havlíček Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Web technology and farmers Abstract: Web technology is a major element of the Internet. The various and inexpensive possibilities to use this technology allow for the minimisation of differences between rural and urban areas. This article focuses on the use of www technology for creating web sites. It outlines theoretical starting points for planning web sites, as well as practical methods, which are utilised for setting up the web presentation of a farm. Keywords: web site, www evolution, extranet Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 243-248 Volume: 50 Issue: 6 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5197-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5197-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-200406-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:50:y:2004:i:6:id:5197-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Szabó Author-Workplace-Name: Gödöllő Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Author-Name: J.S. Zsarnóczai Author-Workplace-Name: Gödöllő Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Title: Economic conditions of Hungarian agricultural producers in 1990s Abstract: The main aims of this study are to describe how much the economic role of agriculture decreased, and this decrease comes mainly from some economic difficulties, for example weak income position of producers based on weak capital accumulation. So agricultural producers need financial supports to improve their production and favourable credit conditions. In 1990s during the last decade, the role of agriculture in the national economy decreased, which contributed to its decreasing share in GDP and real value of agricultural GDP. In 2001, in spite of the fact that the plant production considerably increased and the animal husbandry stagnated, the whole agricultural production volume was by 20 percent under its level of 1989. Finally by the end of 2001, the share of agriculture declined to 4 percent of GDP and together with food industry, their share was about 7 percent. The agricultural scissors increased considerably, namely from 126.5 percent in 1992 to 138.4 percent in 2001.The income conditions made a significant influence on the capacity of the agricultural sector in fields of investments and accumulation. The main problem was the decline of real value of investments. For example the real value of investments in 2001 had not implemented half of investments realised in 1989. This situation showed the low level of technological and technical development in the agricultural sector during a longer period, than a decade. It was important to increase different kinds of supports for agricultural producers, for example: export subsidies, interests of credits, supports for establishing new farmland structure. The share of supports for agricultural production and food industry was 12-14 percent of the two sectors' GDP in 1990s. The development of the main factors of agricultural incomes was determined by index calculations based on the data of the APEH (Hungarian Tax and Financial Supervising Office) and EAA (Economic Accounts for Agriculture). The supports are needed, which are as follows: based on the APEH data, the profit before tax of 23 billion HUF in 1997 decreased to the loss-level of 8 billion HUF by the end of 1990s. The main aim for agricultural producers was to increase their capital accumulation to implement improvement of production in order to be competitive on the world and domestic markets. There is a difficulty that at the end of 1990s, only about 30 percent of the supports was directly provided for agricultural producers. In Hungary, without taxes and other different deprivals, the current value of production supports was over the level of incomes obtained in agricultural sector, but according to the calculation methods of the OECD, the value of PSE (PSE= Producer Support Estimate) index was at a very low level and it had a decreasing tendency, which could not ensure enough income for agricultural producers in Hungary. So the development of agricultural production cannot be realised additionally to the unfavourable background conditions for the sector. Comparing the support structure experienced in the OECD with that in Hungary, it can be declared, that within the PSE (Producer Support Estimate) during 1997-2000, the MPS (Market Price Support) declined, similarly it was in Hungary. In the OECD, the 8-9 percent share of payments based on input use has remained at same level within the PSE. The subsidy based on input use in Hungary was a main element within the overall subsidy system, and its proportion within the producer subsidy increased from 9 percent to 27 percent during the same period. The payment based on the regulation on input use (environment friendly production) also decreased and shared 2 percent within producer subsidies. In the OECD, payments based on farming income totalled only 1 percent of the total producer subsidies, as well as it was experienced in Hungary. Hungarian market price subsidies by products reveal that milk, eggs and poultry enjoyed a high Market Price Support. On the other hand, Market Price Support to beef cattle remained low. Keywords: economic role of agriculture, employment, investment, farm income, financial supports for agricultural producers Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 249-254 Volume: 50 Issue: 6 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5198-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5198-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-200406-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:50:y:2004:i:6:id:5198-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M.O. Azabagaoglu Author-Workplace-Name: Trakya University, Tekirdag Faculty of Agriculture, Dept. of Agricultural Economics, Tekirdag, Turkey Title: Determination of dairy farmers' existing structure in Turkey and analysis of emerging issues in production Abstract: This paper aimed at revealing both dairy farmers' problems and structural issues of dairying in Turkey. First of all, majority of the dairy sector examined is compared to developed and developing country figures and practices. Next, Turkish dairy sector figures are argued with developing country examples. Consequently, problems that were faced by dairy farmers were studied and the data related to problems were examined with factor analysis. Research data were collected from 282 dairy farmers in Turkey. Results indicate that milk yield was found to be 4 443.5 kg/year/cow so that it is quite high compared to Turkey's average, closer to the EU average. The average number of dairy cow per farm was found very low at 4.6 units. The fodder consumption average was found to be 14.6 ton/year, producers silage consumption averages were found to be 47.1 tons/year and 8.18 tons/year mixed feed. The dairy farmers' response indicates that low raw milk price and fluctuations in market and higher feed prices are the major problem in Turkey. Factor analysis results indicate similar findings that the above-mentioned problems extracted from same group of issues, which is called more important. Keywords: dairy, farmer, milk, factor analysis, producer problem Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 255-260 Volume: 50 Issue: 6 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5199-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5199-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-200406-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:50:y:2004:i:6:id:5199-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Boháčková Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Hrabánková Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Development potential in regions and its monitoring Abstract: The contribution is focused on the problem of development potential in regions from a viewpoint of possibilities of its evaluation. It specifies a matter-of-fact content of development potential and its problems with its use concerning supports of structural character. It contains a selection of indicators, which characterise the region potential; it shows ten indicators, which evaluate also the influence of agriculture in the given region. The contribution suggests approaches to the region potential use. Keywords: development of regions potential, usability of regional potential, countryside development, indicators of regional development, influence of agriculture Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 261-265 Volume: 50 Issue: 6 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5200-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5200-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-200406-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:50:y:2004:i:6:id:5200-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Faltová Leitmanová Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Krutina Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Title: Firm condition of chosen agricultural enterprises in mountain and sub-mountain areas in South Bohemia Abstract: The economic evaluation of agricultural enterprises in mountain and sub-mountain areas in South Bohemia results from a financial analysis. Financial ratios enable to identify and measure the state and development of individual economic aspects of these enterprises and their synthesis through solvency model makes financial health possible to be elicited. Keywords: farming, mountain and sub-mountain areas, solvency model, financial health Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 266-270 Volume: 50 Issue: 6 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5201-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5201-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-200406-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:50:y:2004:i:6:id:5201-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Putićová Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Agricultural Economics, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Mezera Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Agricultural Economics, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Foreign direct investment to the Czech agri-food sector development in the accession period to the EU Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 271-273 Volume: 50 Issue: 6 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5202-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5202-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-200406-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:50:y:2004:i:6:id:5202-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Kucseráková Author-Workplace-Name: The Research Institute of Agriculture and Food Economy, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Title: Characteristics for the market of sweets in the Slovak Republic Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 274-279 Volume: 50 Issue: 6 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5203-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5203-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:50:y:2004:i:6:id:5203-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Kraus Author-Workplace-Name: V překladu "Hrozba pro rakouské zemědělství? Scénáře k rozvoji zemědělství v zemích střední a východní Evropy v kontextu Author-Name: Z. Lukas Author-Workplace-Name: V překladu "Hrozba pro rakouské zemědělství? Scénáře k rozvoji zemědělství v zemích střední a východní Evropy v kontextu Author-Name: J. Pöschl Author-Workplace-Name: V překladu "Hrozba pro rakouské zemědělství? Scénáře k rozvoji zemědělství v zemích střední a východní Evropy v kontextu Title: Bedrohung für Österreichs Landwirtschaft? Szenarien zur Entwicklung der MOE - Landwirtschaft im europäischen und internationalen Verbund Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 280-284 Volume: 50 Issue: 6 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/5204-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5204-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:50:y:2004:i:6:id:5204-AGRICECON