Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Jeníček Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of International Relations, University of Economics, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Krepl Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of International Relations, University of Economics, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Energy and the European Union Abstract: There exists no energy policy in the European Union, but rather a whole series of long-term goals setting its strategic orientation. Until 2000, when the Green Book named "Towards the European Strategy of Energy Supplies Securing" was accepted, no real debate on the strategy of energy was held in the EU. The Green Book represents a key document of the European energy policy and it originated as a consequence of the fears of the European Committee regarding the growing energy dependence on the energy resources imports, from the politically not stable parts of the world. Among the three key points of the energy strategy, there belong stable supply of energy, acceptable energy prices and environment protection. With regard to the deepening European integration and interconnection of the individual member states economies, the decisions of one country also have an energy impact on the other states. Therefore, the cooperation among the individual members is necessary. Keywords: energy problem, energy policy, European Union, energy saving Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 1-11 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/2501-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2501-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-200901-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:55:y:2009:i:1:id:2501-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Bielik Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Management, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Z. Šajbidorová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Management, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Elasticity of consumer demand on pork meat in the Slovak Republic Abstract: Consumers are the starting point of the final product market vertical line. Their demand is a crucial factor in the decisions about production - what to produce, how much, and what way. The aim of this paper is to provide the analysis of the elasticity of the consumer demand on pork, based on the influence of the change of the determinants influencing the demand on the consumer level of the vertical product line, and subsequent evaluation of the character and intensiveness of the consumer demand elasticities. The evaluation is founded on the determined coefficients for the individual elasticities of consumer demand on the selected commodity. The analysis of the elasticity of the consumer demand on pork is based on a five-factor model of the consumer demand on pork. It was estimated and qualified by the microeconomic theory for estimation and interpretation of individual elasticity coefficients and regression analysis. Furthermore, our attention is focused on determination and interpretation of the coefficients of direct price elasticity of demand, cross-price elasticity of demand, and income elasticity of demand. The value of the price elasticity of demand on pork is 0.770937. As an increase in the buyers' income evokes an increase in demand, it can be stated that pork meat is a superior good for the Slovak inhabitants. Cross-price elasticity of demand between pork and poultry is 0.617363, and between pork and beef it is 0.343435. As the value is positive, pork, poultry, and beef are substitute goods for the consumers. During the studied period, the demand on pork was quarterly decreasing by 0.05162% in average. On the basis of the results received from the analysis of the elasticities of the demand on the consumer level of the studied product vertical line, it can be stated that Slovak consumers of pork meat react more responsively to the change of income than to the change of the price of this good. Keywords: pork meat demand, regression analysis, elasticity of demand, consumer Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 12-19 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/2502-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2502-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-200901-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:55:y:2009:i:1:id:2502-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Rábová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Informatics, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Czech Republic Title: Business rules specification and business processes modeling Abstract: Up to date business is managed by large-scale different rules that regulate how the business acts and how it is structured. We find the rules in law, regulation, business policy document, procedures manual, system documentation, memoranda etc. These reference resources may provide the specific basis for a rule or offer a background, context or explanation of the business rule. In the recent years, it has been discovered that business rules constitute an entire body of knowledge that has not been adequately addressed in either the analysis or design phases of the information system development. Typically, business rules have been buried in the program code or in the database structures. The article deals with the business rules approach and rule technology and helps to identify the business and technical opportunities they afford to the company. It offers the business process model and its integration with business rules. This approach could provide business analysts with an essential approach to understanding, redesigning and communicating what really happens in the business processes (in agricultural area). It serves to understand the business impact of any change in small and medium-sized organizations. We use the UML notation and its business model extension. Keywords: business rules, business architecture, business process, UML, business concepts, knowledge management, information system, business goal Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 20-24 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/2503-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2503-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-200901-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:55:y:2009:i:1:id:2503-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Akcaoz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey Author-Name: H. Kizilay Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey Title: Sustainability of dairy production in Turkey: A case study Abstract: The aim of this paper is to show some empirical evidence of the sustainability and decision making in dairy production in Turkey. The main material of the study was obtained from the data collected by the survey conducted in the villages in Merkez, Manavgat and Serik districts of the Antalya province. Within the context of the research, 75 farmers were interviewed in the 2007 production season. The research results indicate that the households are the most important decision maker in terms of farming decisions. 56.3% of the farmers in the small farms, 61.5% of the farmers in the medium-size farms and 41.2% of the farmers in the large farm noted that they could quit dairy production activity if they received a fixed salary. Keywords: dairy production, agriculture, sustainability, decision making, finance, Turkey Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 25-32 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/2504-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2504-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-200901-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:55:y:2009:i:1:id:2504-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Vávrová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Finance, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Czech Republic Title: The current demand for the insurability of liability for damage to the natural environment Abstract: Since 2004, the basic document which has governed liability for damage to the natural environment in the European Union is the Environmental Liability Directive No. 2004/35/EC, as amended by the subsequent regulation No. 2006/21/EC. The main purpose of the legislation was to ensure that the entity responsible for the damage pays all costs for rectifying its consequences. If it concerns damage to natural environment, the operator must undertake measures for rehabilitation, replacement and regeneration of the damaged natural resources. The primary replacement, which returns the damaged natural resources to their original state, may be differentiated from complementary replacement as compensation in the case in which the primary replacement has not provided an adequate reparation, and finally compensatory replacement - compensation for the temporary loss of natural conditions. This paper aims at an analysis of the possible means for eliminating risks due to the liability for environmental damage caused by the actions of an operator whose activities potentially threaten natural environment and may cause the biodiversity damage. Risks are assessed with regard to the risk insurability criteria for potential damage to the natural environment. The importance of risk management is stressed in the sophisticated form known as the Enterprise Risk Management. Risk management is becoming increasingly important as a part of the Solvency II concept, currently in preparation, whose first and second pillars accentuate risk management in financial institutions and the consistent quantification of the obvious, hidden and potential risks. Keywords: insurance market, commercial insurance company, insurance product, environmental insurance, insurability, liability insurance, risk management Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 33-39 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/2505-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2505-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-200901-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:55:y:2009:i:1:id:2505-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. David Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Accounting and Taxes, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Selected aspects of taxation of cigarettes in the EU member states Abstract: The level and structure of cigarettes taxation are considered to be very discussed field in these days by the effect of preference trends of taxation of consumption at the expense of direct taxation, stressing the health risks of consumers of tobacco products, externalities caused by this consumption and by the effect of existence of distortions in the market with the tobacco products in the EU states. It is possible to achieve various aims in the field of fiscal and agricultural policies of state, consumption of cigarettes, protection of national market and in the other field by the regulation of excise duty imposed on cigarettes in the EU states. The question is, in frame of excise duty imposed on cigarettes in the EU member state, whether this tax should be imposed through specific rate, ad valorem rate, or by their combination. The choice between these options depends on the laid down aims of tax policy in each EU member states. Keywords: excise, ad valorem rate, specific rate, cigarettes, European Union Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 40-50 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/2506-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2506-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-200901-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:55:y:2009:i:1:id:2506-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M.M. Artukoglu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Faculty, Ege University, Bornova-Izmir, Turkey Author-Name: B. Miran Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural Faculty, Ege University, Bornova-Izmir, Turkey Title: Determining the farmer demand for olive oil premium support: The case of Izmir, Turkey Abstract: The contribution is aimed at the research testing the reflection of olive oil premium support on farmers on the case of Izmir, in Aegean Region which is an important production area. The findings point out that small farms benefit less from the premium applications. The Probit and Heckman analysis showed that new policies directed at the small farms are required. In this context, different levels of premium for small farms should be paid, some inputs should be provided, and small producers should be assisted in marketing especially by promoting the farmers through co-operatives. Extension works organized for small farmers may have an informative and incentive role on the premium applications. Tax exemptions and crop aids are also appropriate tools for the small farmers to get more premiums. Keywords: olive oil, premium support, support policy, agricultural policy Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 51-57 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/2507-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2507-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-200901-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:55:y:2009:i:1:id:2507-AGRICECON