Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michaela BERANOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Dana MARTINOVIČOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Application of the theory of decision making under risk and uncertainty at modelling of costs Abstract: The costs functions are mentioned mostly in the relation to the Break-even Analysis where they are presented in the linear form. But there exist several different types and forms of cost functions. Fist of all, it is necessary to distinguish between the short-run and long-run cost function that are both very important tools of the managerial decision making even if each one is used on a different level of management. Also several methods of estimation of the cost function's parameters are elaborated in the literature. But all these methods are based on the past data taken from the financial accounting while the financial accounting is not able to separate the fixed and variable costs and it is also strongly adjusted to taxation in the many companies. As a tool of the managerial decision making support, the cost functions should provide a vision to the future where many factors of risk and uncertainty influence economic results. Consequently, these random factors should be considered in the construction of cost functions, especially in the long-run. In order to quantify the influences of these risks and uncertainties, the authors submit the application of the Bayesian Theorem. Keywords: Bayesian Theorem, cost function, fixed cost, variable cost, probability Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 201-208 Volume: 56 Issue: 5 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/88/2009-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/88/2009-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201005-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:56:y:2010:i:5:id:88-2009-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kürşat DEMIRYÜREK Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayis University, Kurupelit, Samsun, Turkey Title: Information systems and communication networks for agriculture and rural people Abstract: This review paper presents the concepts, theories and literature review that are relevant to information systems and communication networks for agriculture and rural people. The usefulness of information systems and communication networks is discussed in order to identify the system components, their networks, the understanding of how successfully they work and how to improve their performances. The definitions of terms used in this paper, such as information, system, information system, agricultural information systems and communication networks are first presented and discussed. The rationale of the system theory and information system approach and analysis method for agricultural information systems are described and discussed. In addition, the findings of related previous studies are reviewed and summarized. Finally, general conclusions about agricultural information systems are emphasized and implications for further research areas are presented. Keywords: system, information, information system, agricultural information system, communication networks Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 209-214 Volume: 56 Issue: 5 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/1/2010-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1/2010-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201005-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:56:y:2010:i:5:id:1-2010-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marie ŠTOLBOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tomáš HLAVSA Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Michaela LEKEŠOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Methods of calculating the handicaps of less favoured natural conditions Abstract: The authors address the issue of determining the size of less favoured area payments so that such payments, in compliance with the objectives of the measure, will be the compensation for the farmers' additional costs and income forgone due to the handicap of agricultural production in the area concerned. Alternative methods for the calculation of the handicaps caused by the less favoured conditions have been verified. A new methodology of determining the basic LFA payments level is proposed for the following program period. Similarly, a method for calculating the envisaged impacts of changes in the EU Common Agricultural Policy after 2013 on the natural handicap compensation is proposed and verified. Keywords: LFA, natural handicaps payments, economic results of farming, calculation methods Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 215-223 Volume: 56 Issue: 5 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/96/2009-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/96/2009-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201005-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:56:y:2010:i:5:id:96-2009-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Karel ŠRÉDL Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague , Czech Republic Title: Behaviour of subjects in risk markets Abstract: Consumer's behaviour is described mostly by the neoclassical theory in the framework of cardinalistic and ordinalistic models which involve the methodological individualism, the concept of rationalism, the equilibrium and the perfect information of consumer. Consumer in the financial actives market decides in a similar way. Consumer can make decisions also uder the condition of risk and uncertainty. Keywords: actives market, theory of expected utility, prospect theory, risk, uncertainty Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 224-230 Volume: 56 Issue: 5 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/67/2009-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/67/2009-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201005-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:56:y:2010:i:5:id:67-2009-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chih-HAI YANG Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, National Central University, Jhongli, Taiwan Author-Name: WU Leah Author-Workplace-Name: Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, Macau Author-Name: Hui-Lin LIN Author-Workplace-Name: National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan Title: Analysis of total-factor cultivated land efficiency in China's agriculture Abstract: Along with the rapid economic growth, there has been a booming demand for agricultural products in China, but the increased land usage for the manufacturing sector has caused a decrease in the total cultivated land. Through the data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach, this study first constructs the index of the total-factor cultivated land efficiency (TFCLE) by taking the ratio of the actual cultivated land input to target the cultivated land input. Next, we examine the determinants of inefficiency on the cultivated land use. Based on a province-level panel data over 1997-2006, the empirical estimates indicate that the TFCLE is moderate and fluctuates during the sample period, ranging from 0.601 to 0.713, suggesting room for efficiency improvement in Chinese farmland use. The coastal regions are found to experience a significantly higher degree of the TFCLE compared with non-coastal regions. Overall, there is no significant competition effect brought on by the WTO entry on promoting TFCLE, though this effect differs between the coastal and non-coastal regions. The second-stage regression results show that the natural and artificial disasters, flood, drought, and pollution are the the main causes of inefficiency. Innovative activity and the FDI are evidenced to have a significantly positive relation with the TFCLE in Chinese agriculture. We also find the positive TFCLE-enhancing the effects of production diversification and import competition. Keywords: total-factor cultivated land efficiency (TFCLE), innovation, agriculture, China Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 231-242 Volume: 56 Issue: 5 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/37/2009-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/37/2009-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201005-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:56:y:2010:i:5:id:37-2009-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ivana BROŽOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic Title: Economic profit of ecological farmers in the Czech Republic Abstract: This paper is focused on defining the basic factors (economic and non-economic) influencing economic efficiency of organic farmers with the accent being placed on economic factors alone. The aim of this article is to carry out the analysis of these factors (with the introduction on the differences from conventional agriculture), primarily at the general level and then, taking into consideration the data available from the undertaken statistical investigations, in the dimension of all organic farmers in the Czech Republic. Keywords: organic farming, organic agriculture enterprise, economic factors, costs, revenues, profit Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 243-248 Volume: 56 Issue: 5 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/114/2009-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/114/2009-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201005-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:56:y:2010:i:5:id:114-2009-AGRICECON