Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Štefan Bojnec Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Management, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia Author-Name: Imre Fertő Author-Workplace-Name: Corvinus University of Budapest and Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary Title: Agro-food exports variety from the Central and Eastern European countries Abstract: This paper analyses the agro-food exports variety from twelve Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) to the European Union (EU) during the years 1995-2007. The panel regression models explain the agro-food exports by its previous year, income in the importing EU countries, and measure of agro-food export product variety, while the real exchange rate appreciation of the CEEC currencies has negatively influenced agro-food exports. The EU enlargement with the reduction in agricultural protection and the borderless single market has induced agro-food export increases in primary agricultural produce and intermediate food-processed products, but less in higher value-added food-processed differentiated products. The impact of increased number of CEECs agro-food product varieties on agro-food export to the EU is positive. Keywords: export variety, agro-food products, Central and Eastern European countries, European Union Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 1-9 Volume: 58 Issue: 1 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/187/2010-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/187/2010-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201201-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:58:y:2012:i:1:id:187-2010-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Renee B. Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Business, International Business, HanYang University, Seoul, Korea Title: Consumers' perceptions of food risk management quality: Chinese and Korean evaluations Abstract: Risks, including food risks, are found to be different between the perceptions of 'experts' and consumers, thus understanding the potential difference in the perceptions of the effective food risk management (FRM) between consumers and experts is important in developing effective FRM strategies. This information enables policy makers to integrate societal concerns and values into risk management and communication regarding food safety and to enhance the public confidence in the authorities' approach to the food safety management. The purpose of this study is to understand how consumers evaluate the quality of the food risk management practices that are performed by the government and to determine the underlying psychological factors influencing consumer evaluations of food risk management quality (FRMQ). A comparative survey study was conducted in China and Korea, and the measurement scales used in the structural model were found to be configurally and metrically invariant between these two countries. The results show the difference in the perception of Chinese and Korean consumers regarding their evaluation for the FRMQ. While the perceived expertise of food risk managers was found to be the most important determinant in China, the proactive consumer protection was found to be the most important one in Korea. The scepticism in risk assessment and the communication practice was found to be second most important factor both in China and Korea. These results shed lights at the future policy recommendations. Keywords: food risk management, consumer evaluation, food safety Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 10-20 Volume: 58 Issue: 1 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/178/2010-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/178/2010-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201201-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:58:y:2012:i:1:id:178-2010-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pawel Bryla Author-Workplace-Name: Department of International Marketing and Retailing, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland Title: The characteristics of farmers applying for the EU investment support in Poland Abstract: The paper aims at improving our knowledge about the response of farmers to a major instrument of the rural development policy in Poland. Close cooperation with the managing Agency was established in order to collect and analyze the data included in the application forms. They served as a basis for calculating linear correlations and descriptive statistics, which in turn, wherever possible, were compared with the relevant data for the entire farming population in the region under study. It turned out that our sample was characterized by a significantly higher level of education and bigger holdings than the national or regional averages. Furthermore, we observed that the SAPARD contributed to the backward contractual market channel integration in the agri-food sector. Finally, it was found out that Polish farmers showed a very limited interest in those schemes that promoted specialization of their farms, contrary to the assumptions endorsed in the Operational Program. Keywords: investment support, market channel integration, diversification strategy, farmers, Poland Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 21-33 Volume: 58 Issue: 1 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/98/2010-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/98/2010-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201201-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:58:y:2012:i:1:id:98-2010-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jaroslav Sedláček Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Administration, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jindřiška Kouřilová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jiří Pšenčík Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Title: Models of the realistic reporting of subsidies in the farm accounting Abstract: The paper deals with subsidies in the agriculture and their sources from the perspective of their recipients. The review of literature points out the significance of subsidies for the economics of agriculture and also for the evaluation of the financial position and performance of entrepreneurial entities. The current national and supranational approaches to reporting subsidies within the farm accounting and financial statements are analyzed. The result of the analysis is an identification of distortions in the reported production power and the value of the company property, caused by the yield method which is based on the matching principle. This is also negatively reflected in the income tax base of the entities. Therefore, for a more real view of the situation in financial statements, two models suitable for reporting subsidies were proposed. These are based on the capital approach. The new approaches represent a transparent reporting of subsidies by their recipients in the form of a long-term financial source; they do not allow them to report unearned yields and, on the other hand, they do allow them to report a subsidized property at an unreduced purchase cost. Thus it is possible to compare economic data of the particular companies. This also has a positive effect on the burden of the subsidy recipients laid by income taxes. Keywords: farm, operating subsidies, investment subsidies, economic growth, accounting practices, financial statements, balance sheet, income statement, yield model, capital model, earnings after taxation, earnings before interest and taxes, income tax Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 34-40 Volume: 58 Issue: 1 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/3/2011-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3/2011-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201201-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:58:y:2012:i:1:id:3-2011-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josef Pulkrábek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Miroslav Kavka Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Vladimír Rataj Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Agriculture University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Jaroslav Humpál Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agriculture Economics and Information, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ladislav Nozdrovický Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Agriculture University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Zdeněk Trávníček Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agriculture Economics and Information, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Vladimír Pačuta Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Agriculture University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: The assessment of the economic risks level of sugar beet growing for the farm economy Abstract: The risk rate of sugar beet growing was analyzed by using the algorithm for modelling and generating the random numbers based on the conditions determined in advance and the statistical distribution of sugar beets yield, the total costs, earnings and gross profit. On the bases of results of the analysis of economic risks of sugar beet production in years 1995-2009, it follows that the sugar beet growing in all regions is highly risky in the Czech Republic. The subsidy SAPS and TOP-UP per 1 hectare of sugar beet have a positive impact on its economics though not sufficient enough. In practice, it means that it is highly probable that the break-even point will not be achieved and thereby it is highly probable that the fixed costs are not covered and the update of machines is significantly limited. This happens mainly in the marginal regions. If the agricultural companies count on the separate sugar payment, the sugar beet growing is in all regions of the Czech Republic with acceptable risk. Keywords: sugar beet, growing technology, production economic, risk Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 41-48 Volume: 58 Issue: 1 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/111/2010-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/111/2010-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201201-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:58:y:2012:i:1:id:111-2010-AGRICECON