Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zdeňka Náglová Author-Name: Marie Šimpachová Pechrová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Subsidies and technical efficiency of Czech food processing industry Abstract: At present, the New Common Agricultural Policy for the period 2021-2027 has been currently formulated. Future of the agriculture and food industry is now widely discussed. These sectors play an important role, and it is necessary to maintain their competitiveness and sustainability. In this context, the main aim of the paper is to evaluate the technical efficiency of food processing firms by using Stochastic Frontier Analysis applying True Fixed Effect model on production function. It was identified, that increase of subsidies cause a slight increase in the mean of technical inefficiency. Also, the technical efficiency of the firms without subsidies is higher than in the subsidised firms and differs statistically significantly in the time and also with respect to the region of the firm. To summarise, the effect of subsidies is negative as the obtaining of the subsidies is not related to higher technical efficiency. Keywords: food industry, manufacturing, Stochastic Frontier Function, subsidies, technical efficiency Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 151-159 Volume: 65 Issue: 4 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/234/2018-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/234/2018-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201904-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:65:y:2019:i:4:id:234-2018-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Csaba Csaki Author-Workplace-Name: Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary Author-Name: Attila Jambor Title: Convergence or divergence - Transition in agriculture of Central and Eastern Europe and Commonwealth of Independent States revisited Abstract: The agriculture of Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries as well as of the Soviet Union was an often studied area in the 1970´s and 1980´s among agricultural economists. After the system collapse, the transition of the agricultural sectors of these regions has gained importance. However, around the millennium, this topic was less studied. This paper aims at analysing the agricultural performance of CEE and Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries between 1997 and 2016 and identifying whether the system change and transition have brought changes and convergence in agricultural productivity to EU-15 levels. In doing so, the paper uses convergence theory and associated methods (Kernel density and Markov transition probability) to underpin its arguments. Results suggest that CEE and CIS countries have experienced a limited convergence to Western-European standards. However, there still exists a significant performance gap between the two regions with CEE countries standing closer to EU-15 averages. Reasons behind diverging performances are numerous as discussed at the end of the paper. Keywords: accession, Central and Eastern European countries, Commonwealth of Independent States, convergence, productivity Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 160-174 Volume: 65 Issue: 4 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/195/2018-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/195/2018-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201904-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:65:y:2019:i:4:id:195-2018-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vladimír Kostlivý Author-Name: Zuzana Fuksová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Technical efficiency and its determinants for Czech livestock farms Abstract: Organic farming has become an important part of Czech agriculture. The aim of this study is an evaluation of the technical efficiency of Czech organic farms and determining the main factors, including subsidies, which affect the technical efficiency of both conventional and organic farms. The Farm Accountancy Data Network Czech Republic (FADN CR) database provides sufficient panel data for this kind of research focusing on types of farming with livestock production. The methodological tool used to achieve the aim of this paper is the parametric stochastic frontier analysis, "True" Random Effects model, supposing farms heterogeneity and time variant determinants of inefficiency. The results of the research verified differences in the technical efficiency of organic and conventional agriculture related both to the different farming methods and to the production conditions. The type of farming and the economic size of farms influence the farms' profitability, economic performance and comparability with conventional farms. The technical efficiency of organic farming is growing over the long term. Farms with growing technical efficiency show a decline in the proportion of operating subsidies to production, irrespective of their classification in quartiles by the technical efficiency estimate. Keywords: firm heterogeneity, organic farming, panel data, production function, stochastic frontier analysis, technical efficiency Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 175-184 Volume: 65 Issue: 4 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/162/2018-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/162/2018-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201904-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:65:y:2019:i:4:id:162-2018-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Sándor Zsarnóczai Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Finance and Accountancy, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Author-Name: Zoltán Zéman Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Finance and Accountancy, Faculty of Economic and Social Sciences, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Title: Output value and productivity of agricultural industry in Central-East Europe Abstract: The study analyses the correlations among different economies of selected EU-12 member states based on comparison of agricultural economics variances, namely the output value of the agricultural industry, productivity of input, agricultural gross value added, subsidies on production, agricultural labour input and agricultural income per annual working unit in the period of 2010-2016, based on the Special Program for Social Sciences, as statistical methods. The EU-12 achieved a higher increase in productivity of input, output value of agricultural industry, agricultural gross valued added, as well as agricultural income per agricultural annual working unit compared to the average results of EU-28 for 2010-2016. The output value of agricultural industry and agricultural gross value added per intermediate consumption decreased by 1.35% and by 3.3%, but the factor income - net value added at factor cost - per annual working unit increased by 21%, because of the subsidies on production increased by 3.4% for 2010-2016. In EU-28, the factor income per annual working unit increased, but most of this income was for developing agricultural production technology. Keywords: annual working unit, gross value added, intermediate consumption, labour input, subsidies Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 185-193 Volume: 65 Issue: 4 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/128/2018-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/128/2018-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201904-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:65:y:2019:i:4:id:128-2018-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Teresina Mancuso Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy Author-Name: Tibor Verduna Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy Author-Name: Simone Blanc Author-Name: Giuseppe Di Vita Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy Author-Name: Filippo Brun Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Grugliasco, Italy Title: Environmental sustainability and economic matters of commercial types of common wheat Abstract: Common wheat, a fundamental commodity on international markets, is increasingly differentiated into commercial types on domestic markets to meet the demand of processing companies. Improver wheat, biscuit wheat, ordinary and superior bread-making wheat are commercial varieties with specific technological characteristics. Wheat farming systems are constantly evolving, and as a result, related environmental issues emerge. We applied an LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) analysis, where the functional unit was 1 tonne of grain for each typology and system boundaries were from cradle to farm gate. Primary data were used in the study, and special attention was paid to fertiliser use. From an LCA perspective, our findings show that nitrogen (N) plays an essential role in plant production although producing different waterborne and airborne emissions and nitrate leaching, for the 4 commercial typologies studied. Furthermore, the impact can be differentiated based on the technological features of the commercial types. Our results led us to observe that the four wheat types show contrasting economic and environmental performances. Keywords: common wheat, grains, Life Cycle Assessment, sustainability Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 194-202 Volume: 65 Issue: 4 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/172/2018-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/172/2018-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201904-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:65:y:2019:i:4:id:172-2018-AGRICECON