Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ladislav Pilař Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Lucie Kvasničková Stanislavská Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Moulis Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Roman Kvasnička Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Systems Engineering, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Stanislav Rojík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ivana Tichá Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Who spends the most money at farmers' markets? Abstract: Farmers' markets have been booming in recent years and are becoming an important alternative food network. They enable farmers to sell their products directly to customers and thus shorten the supply chain. Market organisers must meet the needs of both consumers and vendors by ensuring customer satisfaction while maintaining profitability for vendors. The present study identified four basic segments at farmers' markets, as follows: (1) product-oriented customers; (2) personal social responsibility-oriented customers; (3) entertainment and emotional-oriented customers; (4) alternative food-oriented customers. These segments were analysed using Structural Equation Modeling in relation to the amount of money spent on average at a farmers' market. The results indicate that most money was spent at farmers' market segments that are oriented at entertainment and emotional-oriented and product-oriented customers. This indicates that farmers' markets are no longer just a place to purchase fresh, high-quality food, but also a place that people visit for its atmosphere, for the food that can be eaten on-site, and to buy products not for direct consumption (e.g. flowers). It also proved the negative moderation effect of entertainment-oriented motivation on the amount of money spent with connection to product-orientation, which suggests that entertainment-orientated customers spend more than product-oriented customers. Keywords: amount of money spent, entertainment-oriented customers, farmers' market, product-oriented customers, structural equation modelling Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 491-498 Volume: 65 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/69/2019-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/69/2019-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201911-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:65:y:2019:i:11:id:69-2019-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Syrůček Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cattle Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Luděk Bartoň Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cattle Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Dalibor Řehák Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cattle Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jindřich Kvapilík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cattle Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jiří Burdych Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition and Feeding of Farm Animals, Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: VVS Verměřovice s.r.o, Verměřovice, Czech Republic Title: Evaluation of economic indicators for Czech dairy farms Abstract: Milk production is one of the most important areas of the Czech agrarian sector, as evidenced by its 50% share (at 2017 prices) in revenues from livestock production. As for any business, a certain level of profitability is a prerequisite for long-term and sustainable development of dairy farms. This study's aim was to evaluate the economic efficiency of milk production from both Czech Fleckvieh (C) and Holstein (H) cows based on data collected each year from 48 to 70 Czech dairy farms in the period from 2012 to 2017. Total costs per feeding day and litre of milk, level of profitability, and income over feed costs were calculated. The influences of herd size and milk yield on profitability and break-even points were examined while sensitivity analysis and model calculations were utilised to predict profitability. The farms with higher average milk yields (>7 500 and >9 500 L per lactation for C and H, respectively) had higher costs per feeding day, lower costs per litre of milk, and improved profitability (p < 0.05). Average break-even points were estimated for milk price (0.31 and 0.32 EUR) and milk yield (7 257 and 9 209 L) in C and H herds, respectively. Keywords: break-even point, costs, milk, sensitivity analysis Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 499-508 Volume: 65 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/136/2019-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/136/2019-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201911-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:65:y:2019:i:11:id:136-2019-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jeremiás Máté Balogh Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary Author-Name: Nuno Carlos Leitão Author-Workplace-Name: Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Santarém, Portugal Author-Workplace-Name: Center for Advanced Studies in Management and Economics, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal Title: A gravity approach of agricultural trade: The nexus of the EU and African, Caribbean and Pacific countries Abstract: The European Union (EU) is one of the biggest traders of agricultural products. In 2017, extra-EU agricultural trade accounted for 7.4% of the total EU international trade. Furthermore, Europe is the main destination for agricultural goods arriving from African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) trading partners. The paper analyses the effect of geographical proximity, cultural similarity, free trade agreements on bilateral agricultural trade as well as intra-industry trade between EU member states and its trading partners (intra and extra EU trade), employing gravity model for a period of 1996-2017. Regression results suggest that EU countries export more agricultural products to their common markets. In addition, the export costs of agricultural products are lower if the EU and its external trading partners are culturally similar; have the same religion or both have regional trade agreements. We found a moderate intra-industry trade between the EU and ACP countries at 18%. The results indicate rather inter-industry trade between EU and non-EU members, with a lower index level for ACP countries. A higher positive impact is revealed on the agricultural import between ACP-EU countries than export. Keywords: African, Caribbean and Pacific countries, agricultural trade, European Union, gravity model, intra-industry trade Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 509-519 Volume: 65 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/131/2019-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/131/2019-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201911-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:65:y:2019:i:11:id:131-2019-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sanghyo Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Center for Food and Marketing Research, Korea Rural Economic Institute, Naju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Carl Zulauf Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural, Environmental and Development Economics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA Title: Crowding out of private stocks by public stocks Abstract: Public stocks held by government have emerged as a food security issue as well as an issue in the Doha Round of World Trade Organization talks. Understanding the impact of public stocks requires understanding their crowding out effect on private stocks. A conceptual model of this crowding out effect is developed. It utilises a call option associated with the release of public stocks. The model reveals that the crowding out effect on private stocks decreases as public stocks increase, in contrast to constant marginal crowding out reported by earlier studies. Crowding out of private stocks is also a function of the commodity's demand function, implying crowding out can vary by commodity. It is likely to be highest for commodities with the most inelastic demand. These commodities include wheat, rice, and other food staples often held as public stocks. Empirical analysis confirms these and other insights from the conceptual model. Keywords: corn, crowding out, private stocks, public stocks, soybeans, United States (U.S.), wheat Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 520-528 Volume: 65 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/34/2019-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/34/2019-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201911-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:65:y:2019:i:11:id:34-2019-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jana Podhrazska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Department of Land Consolidations and Land Use Planning, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Szturc Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Petr Karasek Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Department of Land Consolidations and Land Use Planning, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Josef Kucera Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Department of Land Consolidations and Land Use Planning, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jana Konecna Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Department of Land Consolidations and Land Use Planning, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Economic impacts of farmland degradation in the Czech Republic - Case study Abstract: To analyse the potential changes in soil characteristics and associated impacts on the land price, the region of South Moravia was selected, strongly threatened by erosion and by claiming the most valuable land in suburban territories due to industrial and housing expansion. For the detailed analysis of the impacts of erosion and land appropriation in the region of South Moravia, the model territories of Brno surroundings with the municipality of Dolní Heršpice and Hustopeče surroundings with the municipality of Starovice were selected. The price of land degraded by potential erosion in the South Moravian region fluctuates between 88 and 2 400 EUR/ha. In the past 180 years, 148 ha of agricultural land in the total value of 822 815 EUR have been used for construction in the location under study in Dolní Heršpice. Further growth of the municipality should involve additional appropriation of agricultural land in the value of 411 000 EUR. In the studied land block of 100.5 ha, located in the Starovice municipality area, water erosion caused degradation in the total value of 92 000 EUR in the period 1978-2013. Extensive losses of fertile agricultural land are to be expected in the future. Their main causes are continuing land appropriation and degradation processes - soil erosion. Keywords: appropriation of agricultural land, estimated Soil-Ecological Unit, land price, land use, soil erosion Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 529-538 Volume: 65 Issue: 11 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/89/2019-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/89/2019-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-201911-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:65:y:2019:i:11:id:89-2019-AGRICECON