Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vladimír Kostlivý Author-Name: Zuzana Fuksová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tamara Rudinskaya Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Drivers of farm performance in Czech crop farms Abstract: When analysing drivers affecting the farm performance, the presence of different technologies should be taken into account. We assume that the technology used by crop farms is not the same for all producers and therefore we use latent class model to identify technological classes at first. Class definition is based on multidimensional classification and determination of indices given by the values of individual components. The principal components analysis is applied to estimate significant and robust weights for the index components. FADN (Farm Accountancy Data Network) database, Czech crop farms data from 2005 to 2017 were used and three groups of technology classes of farms were identified with a determinant influence of the structure index and localisation. The other indices characterise sustainability, innovation, technology, diversification, and individual characteristics. Three distinct classes of crop farms were found, one major class and two minor classes. Family driven farms are usually smaller farms in terms of acreage. Highly sustainable crop farms are most likely located in lower altitudes and not in less-favoured areas. Innovative farms are also likely to be more productive. The results indicate that agricultural production farms with a more sustainable way of farming are most likely to be more productive. Keywords: farms heterogeneity, latent class model, panel data, , principal component analysis, production function, stochastic frontier analysis, technical efficiency Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 297-306 Volume: 66 Issue: 7 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/231/2019-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/231/2019-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-202007-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:66:y:2020:i:7:id:231-2019-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jadwiga Bożek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Statistics and Social Policy, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland Author-Name: Czesław Nowak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Statistics and Social Policy, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland Author-Name: Monika Zioło Title: Changes in agrarian structure in the EU during the period 2010-2016 in terms of typological groups of countries Abstract: The paper presents the changes in the spatial structure of agricultural holdings in the European Union between 2010 and 2016 from the perspective of typological groups of countries. The research was conducted based on Eurostat data. The holdings were divided into the following groups: up to 5 ha of agricultural land (AL), 5-20 ha, 20-50 ha, and over 50 ha. Based on the fuzzy classification method, 4 typological groups of countries with a similar spatial structure of holdings were distinguished. The intergroup diversity is high. The dynamics of changes in the number of holdings in particular countries per typological group was presented. A downward trend in the total number of holdings and smallholdings was observed, in particular in countries characterised by a fragmented structure of holdings. In these countries, an upward trend in the number of holdings of 20-50 ha and over 50 ha was noted. Between 2010 and 2016, the structure and composition of typological groups changed. There were also slight changes (in different directions) in the structural distance between the groups. Keywords: dynamics, EU countries, spatial structure of holdings, typological groups Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 307-316 Volume: 66 Issue: 7 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/43/2020-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/43/2020-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-202007-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:66:y:2020:i:7:id:43-2020-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aleksander Grzelak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Macroeconomics and Agricultural Economics, Institute of Economics, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Poznań, Poland Author-Name: Piotr Kułyk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of International Economics and Market Analysis, Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Zielona Góra, Zielona Góra, Poland Title: Is Michał Kalecki's theory of investment applicable today? The case study of agricultural holdings in the EU countries Abstract: The purpose of the article is to recognise whether Michał Kalecki's investment theory works in the functioning of farms in the EU countries. We use the data of farms of the EU FADN (Farm Accountancy Data Network) system. The dynamic panel (the 1st difference generalised method of moments - GMM) estimator model was employed for analysis. The assessments were related to the economic size of farms. The results have allowed the partial confirmation of the validity of Kalecki's model to explain agricultural holdings adjustment mechanisms in the investment sphere. It is about medium-large (ES4) and large farms (ES5). In smaller farms (ES1-3) this mechanism was not recorded, and also in the largest agricultural holdings (ES6) where the development mechanism is more complex. Thus the size of farms determines different changes in investments activity in analysed groups of farms. Results suggest that a demand effect of investment expenditures, in the case of the examined group of farms, predominates to supply effect. It can be attributed to the fact that agriculture through the institutional system (the CAP - Common Agricultural Policy) and the peculiarities of this sector have weakened internal competition. We should be aware that the developmental mechanisms of agricultural holdings in the investment sphere are complex, and Kalecki's theory may somewhat better understand these mechanisms. Keywords: agriculture, assets, capital accumulation income, dynamic panel models, Kalecki's investment theory Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 317-324 Volume: 66 Issue: 7 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/73/2020-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/73/2020-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-202007-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:66:y:2020:i:7:id:73-2020-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vida Dabkiené Title: Off-farm role in stabilizing disposable farm income: A Lithuanian case study Abstract: The paper aims to investigate family farm income volatility by decomposing disposable farm income (DFI) into the on-farm income, income from production support and off-farm income (OFI) over time. The research is focused on the OFI, assessing its role in achieving DFI above reference level based on the average net earnings. Three main indicators consistent with Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) were indicated. The research results revealed the significance of OFI. In 2017, 76% of the family farms were engaged in off-farm activities indicating, on one hand that such approaches as part-time farming or lifestyle farming are becoming more attractive to Lithuanian family farmers. On the other hand, research disclosed that farms mostly engaged in off-farm activities yield the lowest on-farm income levels. Moreover, the OFI tends to produce a stabilizing effect on quite a number of farmers as the majority of family farms cannot rely upon the on-farm income as their only income source. Thus, the agricultural and rural development policy makers, aimed at supporting viable farm income and strengthening farm resilience, have to answer the part-time farmers' needs. Keywords: Farm Accountancy Data Network, farm income indicators, income volatility, net earnings, poverty threshold Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 325-334 Volume: 66 Issue: 7 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/69/2020-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/69/2020-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-202007-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:66:y:2020:i:7:id:69-2020-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Muhammad Waqas Khalid Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan Author-Name: Ashar Sultan Kayani Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan Author-Name: Jamal Mohammed Alotaibi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Society, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Author-Name: Muhammad Muddassir Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Society, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Author-Name: Bader Alhafi Alotaibi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Society, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Author-Name: Hazem S. Kassem Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Extension and Rural Society, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Extension and Rural Society Department, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt Title: Regional trade and food security challenges: The case of SAARC countries Abstract: Higher consumption and increased import requirements for the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) region can be catered through neighboring trade partners if resources are optimally utilized. The purpose of this research is to analyze the connection between regional trade of SAARC countries and the food security challenges faced by the region. The study uses data from 1990-2018 for Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh to econometrically analyze the determinants of the volume of food trade. The results show that the gross domestic product of importing or exporting countries and foreign direct investment (FDI) have positive impact on regional trade. The bilateral exchange rate between trading partners has a negative impact on the trade volume. The results also showed the absence of a long-run relationship between volume of trade and food security using Johansen's cointegration test. Our analysis suggests that policy makers should focus on the means for creating favorable environment in Pakistan and India to not only meet the increasing global demands for food but also increasing their competitiveness for high-quality and low-quality priced products in major exports markets. Keywords: agricultural products, business linkages, economic impact, investment, price Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 335-344 Volume: 66 Issue: 7 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/3/2020-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3/2020-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-202007-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:66:y:2020:i:7:id:3-2020-AGRICECON