Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: José-Luis Alfaro-Navarro Author-Name: María-Encarnación Andrés-Martínez Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain *Corresponding autor: joseluis.alfaro@uclm.es Title: A longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis of the distribution of Common Agricultural Policy aids in European countries Abstract: The primary sector plays a key role in any country, from both economic and social perspectives, as has been underscored by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. In Europe, this sector is highly dependent on the aid provided under the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Therefore, the distribution of this aid among the various recipients is crucial to maintaining a strong primary sector throughout the European Union (EU). This is especially true in light of the new funding for the period from 2021 to 2027 and the United Kingdom's departure from the EU. In this sense, the 93.5% of the first pillar of CAP aid consists of direct aid to farmers. The related literature has shown its effect on aspects such as sustainability and farmers' income, among others, and its distribution in specific geographical areas. In this vein, the present paper conducts a longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis of the distribution of aid across EU countries. The results show that the CAP reforms and the incorporation of countries into the EU influenced the distribution of aid. Moreover, there is a clear division between Eastern and Western EU countries, with a more equitable distribution of aid in the West. Keywords: concentration, direct Common Agricultural Policy aids, Gini index, segmentation Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 351-362 Volume: 67 Issue: 9 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/87/2021-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/87/2021-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-202109-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:67:y:2021:i:9:id:87-2021-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nadežda Jankelová Author-Name: Zuzana Joniaková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Management, Faculty of Business Management, University of Economics in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia Title: The role of innovative work behaviour and knowledge-based dynamic capabilities in increasing the innovative performance of agricultural enterprises Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the interrelationships among the variables of the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) of agrarian management, innovative work behaviour (IWB) of employees, knowledge-based dynamic capabilities (KBDC) and innovative performance (IP) of agrarian enterprises. We analysed not only direct effects but also the possibilities of mediating these effects to increase the overall effect on IP. A questionnaire survey was used to collect data from managers of agribusinesses in Slovakia (175 respondents). We used the partial least squares structural equation modelling method and the appropriate software to test the theoretical research model and the proposed hypotheses to examine the relationships among the individual selected constructs in more depth. The findings point to the existence of a statistically significant relationship between EO and IP, which, however, is weaker than the overall effect of the involvement of mediation variables. Each mediation variable (IWB and KBDC) increases the overall effect separately, but their joint mediation action is of the greatest importance, when full mediation takes place. The strength of the relationship between the two main variables is also influenced by the size of the agrarian enterprise such that being larger has a negative moderation effect. Significant differences were also identified in the legal forms of business in favour of companies over agricultural co-operatives (ACs). Keywords: agricultural management, agriculture, entrepreneurial orientation, innovation, organisational performance Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 363-372 Volume: 67 Issue: 9 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/151/2021-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/151/2021-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-202109-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:67:y:2021:i:9:id:151-2021-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agrotechnology and Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: Piotr Bórawski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agrotechnology and Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: Marta Guth Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Macroeconomics and Agricultural Economics, Institute of Economics, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Poznań, Poland Author-Name: Andrzej Parzonko Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics and Organization of Enterprises, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Science (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: Tomasz Rokicki Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Logistics, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Science (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: Bogdan Klepacki Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Logistics, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Science (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: Marcin Wysokiński Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Logistics, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Science (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: Agnieszka Maciąg Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Logistics, Faculty of Economic Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Science (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: James William Dunn Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Economics, Sociology and Education, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA Title: Price changes of dairy products in the European Union Abstract: This article presents changes in the prices of milk and other dairy products in the European Union (EU). First, the descriptive statistics of the prices of milk and dairy products are presented, and then correlation and regression analyses were conducted to measure the relationships between the prices. We used the augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test and generalised autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model to measure the stationarity and changes in dairy product prices in the EU. At the EU level, we checked the changes in prices of butter, skim milk powder, whole milk powder, Cheddar, Edam, Gouda, Emmental and whey powder. Our analysis confirmed that the butter, skim milk powder, whole milk powder, Cheddar, Edam and Gouda processes depend on previous values. The biggest price changes were observed in whey powder (34.12%), butter (24.46%) and skim milk powder (21.78%). Keywords: butter, GARCH model, skim milk powder, whey powder Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 373-381 Volume: 67 Issue: 9 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/61/2021-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/61/2021-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-202109-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:67:y:2021:i:9:id:61-2021-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Bielik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Management, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: Martina Hanova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Economics and Management, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: Renata Benda-Prokeinova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Economics and Management, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Title: How to be sustainable in beef consumption - Exploring the factors. Case study Abstract: The aim of the paper is to explain beef consumption through the economic indicators and the prediction tendencies of beef consumption. There are countries like Slovakia that confirm the opposite trend despite the global trend of consumption growth. In terms of the ecosystems' sustainability, beef production should be adjusted accordingly, as in the case of Slovakia. We focus on the economic aspect of beef consumption from the perspective of sustainability. Commodity prices are considered to be a significant factor influencing consumption and the behaviour of beef consumers. Despite increasing income in Slovakia, consumption of beef covers only 30% of recommended doses in the year 2018. To achieve the objective of the research, we decided to use the calculation of price and income elasticity of food demand using the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) model to analyse meat consumption trends. The findings confirm that beef consumption will decline in Slovakia in the following years, and it will be progressively replaced by pork and poultry meat. Keywords: beef meat, behaviour, elasticities, predictions, sustainability Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 382-390 Volume: 67 Issue: 9 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/80/2021-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/80/2021-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-202109-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:67:y:2021:i:9:id:80-2021-AGRICECON