Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lukáš Čechura Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Zdeňka Žáková Kroupová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Michaela Lekešová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural Economics and Information, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Productivity and efficiency in Czech agriculture: Does farm size matter? Abstract: This paper deals with the sources of total factor productivity (TFP), namely technical efficiency, scale efficiency, and technological change, considering the size of agricultural producers and using balanced panel data in the period 2014-2018 drawn from the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) database for three sectors of Czech agriculture - cereals, milk, and beef. The investigation is based on the stochastic frontier (SF) modelling of an input distance function (IDF) with four error components (heterogeneity, statistical noise, persistent and transient inefficiency). The sector-specific models are estimated by a four-step estimating procedure with a system generalised method of moments (GMM) estimator to address the endogeneity problem. The results reveal inter- and intra-sectoral differences in productivity drivers. In particular, the smallest producers lag considerably behind the largest ones due to the scale effect (SEC). While large farms should focus on technological change, improvements in scale and technical efficiency have been identified as the main sources of coping with productivity losses for small farmers. Keywords: Czech Republic, input-distance function, stochastic frontier analysis, technical efficiency, total factor productivity Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 1-10 Volume: 68 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/384/2021-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/384/2021-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-202201-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:68:y:2022:i:1:id:384-2021-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Liangliang Zhai Author-Workplace-Name: Department of International Trade, School of International Trade and Economics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan, P.R. China Author-Name: Shilin Yuan Author-Workplace-Name: Master Program of Business Administration, Graduate School of Business, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands Author-Name: Yujing Feng Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Taxation, Institute of Finance and Public Management, Anhui University of Finance and Economics, Bengbu, P.R. China Title: The economic effects of export restrictions imposed by major grain producers Abstract: This paper uses the global trade analysis project (GTAP) to evaluate the impact of grain export restrictions on world food security during the COVID-19 epidemic. The study found that export restrictions distort world market prices, which in turn distort consumption and production, harm the interests of consumers and farmers in some countries, and threaten food security. In this regard, maintaining the convenience of the food trade is the wise choice of all countries. It is necessary to tighten the World Trade Organization (WTO) disciplines related to export restrictions, strengthen global food security governance and jointly build a community with a shared future for mankind. Keywords: COVID-19, grain security, GTAP model, reform of WTO rules Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 11-19 Volume: 68 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/329/2021-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/329/2021-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-202201-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:68:y:2022:i:1:id:329-2021-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jakub Piecuch Author-Name: Joanna Szarek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Economics and Food Economy, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland Title: Dynamic panel model in bioeconomy modeling Abstract: Currently, technological development is driven by the search for solutions to prevent climate change and environmental degradation, increase energy efficiency, and meet societal needs in relation to avoiding conflict while navigating the implementation of current and future needs. Many of the solutions come from the rapid development of the bioeconomy. The aim of this article is to determine the impact of bioeconomy variables on economic growth in 27 EU countries. The research goal of the paper is based on the estimation of dynamic panel models using the generalized method of moments (GMM). The following set of variables used in the dynamic panel model had a positive impact on economic growth in the EU-27 countries: greenhouse gases by sector: agriculture, circular material use rate, recycling rate of packaging waste by type of packaging - plastic packaging, recycling rate of packaging waste by type of packaging - wooden packaging. Three variables were shown to have a negative impact on economic growth, namely: recycling rate of municipal waste, recycling rate of e-waste, trade-in recyclable raw materials - exports extra-EU. Keywords: economic growth, generalized method of moments, Malmquist index, Sargan test, Wald test Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 20-27 Volume: 68 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/156/2021-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/156/2021-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-202201-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:68:y:2022:i:1:id:156-2021-AGRICECON Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yehui Tong Author-Workplace-Name: School of Accounting, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Ramon Saladrigues Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Law, Economics and Tourism, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain Title: An analysis of factors affecting the profits of new firms in Spain: Evidence from the food industry Abstract: Using the logistic model, this article investigates the influence of financial factors on gaining profits for new firms in the Spanish food industry. Specifically, the firms founded separately during the crisis period and during the postcrisis period are observed for their first three years. The findings suggest that indebtedness (for both periods), previous profitability (for the postcrisis period) and accounts payable (for the crisis period) were most frequently statistically significant in the logistic model. Hence, for new firms, controlling debt burden, accumulating internally generated funds and using payables to establish business relationships can help to gain profits. Firm size and asset rotation were significant in the first year (especially during the postcrisis period), with a positive relationship to profits. Given that the food industry is highly competitive, enlarging firm size to reach efficiencies of scale and using a low-price strategy with high asset rotation to obtain market share are effective marketing strategies for new firms. This article contributes to the empirical studies about the financial effects on new firms' profits in the food industry; it can also help potential entrepreneurs make better decisions about starting new businesses and help to manage new firms better in different macroeconomic environments. Keywords: financial effects, macroeconomic environments, starting up Journal: Agricultural Economics Pages: 28-38 Volume: 68 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/235/2021-AGRICECON File-URL: http://agricecon.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/235/2021-AGRICECON.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/age-202201-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlage:v:68:y:2022:i:1:id:235-2021-AGRICECON