Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Pickering Author-Workplace-Name: New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited, Christchurch, New Zealand Author-Name: P.A. Johnston Author-Workplace-Name: New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited, Christchurch, New Zealand Author-Name: B. Ruge Author-Workplace-Name: New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited, Christchurch, New Zealand Title: Importance of the Secondary Genepool in Barley Genetics and Breeding. I. Cytogenetics and Molecular Analysis Abstract: There have been no plant breeding developments using species from the tertiary genepool of cultivated barley for breeding or genetics since the VIIIth International Barley Genetics Symposium in 2000. Hence, the first part of this review describes progress since 2000 in developing and characterising recombinant lines derived from hybridisations between the sole species in the secondary genepool, Hordeum bulbosum L., and cultivated barley, Hordeum vulgare L. The topics discussed in part I are cytogenetics and molecular analysis of recombinant lines. Keywords: barley, Hordeum bulbosum, chromosome pairing, introgressions, EST, cDNA-AFLP, molecular markers Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 73-78 Volume: 40 Issue: 3 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3702-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3702-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-200403-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:40:y:2004:i:3:id:3702-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Pickering Author-Workplace-Name: New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited, Christchurch, New Zealand Author-Name: R.E. Niks Author-Workplace-Name: New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited, Christchurch, New Zealand Author-Name: P.A. Johnston Author-Workplace-Name: New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited, Christchurch, New Zealand Author-Name: R.C. Butler Author-Workplace-Name: New Zealand Institute for Crop & Food Research Limited, Christchurch, New Zealand Title: Importance of the Secondary Genepool in Barley Genetics and Breeding II. Disease Resistance, Agronomic Performance and Quality Abstract: In this second paper on the use of secondary genepools in barley improvement, we describe the characterisation of leaf rust resistant recombinant lines (RLs) derived from Hordeum vulgare × H. bulbosum crosses. Twelve RLs were inoculated with leaf rust and the early stages of disease development were observed. Several RLs showed complete resistance to the pathogen, but others had a high level of partial resistance, which may be durable. Some of these RLs and others were tested in yield trials to determine the effects of introgressed chromatin from H. bulbosum on yield and quality. We conclude that there are no major adverse effects that cannot be overcome through normal breeding techniques. Keywords: barley, Hordeum bulbosum, leaf rust, Puccinia hordei, introgressions, yield, malting quality Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 79-85 Volume: 40 Issue: 3 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3703-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3703-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-200403-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:40:y:2004:i:3:id:3703-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Doris Kopahnke Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Epidemiology and Resistance Author-Name: Marion Nachtigal Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Resistance Research and Pathogen Diagnostics, Federal Centre for Breeding Research on Cultivated Plants, Aschersleben, Germany Author-Name: Frank Ordon Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Epidemiology and Resistance Author-Name: Brian J. Steffenson Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, Upper Buford Circle, USA Title: Evaluation and Mapping of a Leaf Rust Resistance Gene Derived from Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum Abstract: Studies of marker development were performed on a doubled haploid population derived from the cross of a highly resistant line H. spontaneum 677 × Krona (susceptible). Previous segregation studies on F2 and F3 populations revealed that the resistance of H. spontaneum 677 was likely due to a single dominant gene. Bulked segregant analysis using AFLPs and SSRs was conducted to identify markers linked to this leaf rust resistance gene. By this approach the resistance gene was located on barley chromosome 2H with the closest markers linked at 6.1 cM (E35M54b) and 13.6 cM (Bmac0218) based on the analysis of 83 DH-lines. In order to get first hints whether this gene may be allelic to rph16 located on chromosome 2H STS marker MWG 2133 co-segregating with rph16 was tested but it turned out to be monomorphic. However, in a resistance test with a set of four different isolates of Puccinia hordei, H. spontaneum 677 showed a different reaction pattern from that of H. spontaneum 680, the source of rph16. Tests of allelism to confirm these results are in progress. Keywords: Hordeum vulgare, barley, Puccinia hordei, leaf rust, resistance, SSRs, AFLPs, genetic mapping Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 86-90 Volume: 40 Issue: 3 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3704-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3704-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-200403-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:40:y:2004:i:3:id:3704-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Šíp Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Tvarůžek Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Chrpová Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: S. Sýkorová Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Leišová Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Kučera Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Ovesná Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Effect of Fusarium Head Blight on Mycotoxin Content in Grain of Spring Barley Cultivars Abstract: The results are based on field infection experiments with six spring barley cultivars registered in the Czech Republic and resistance sources Chevron and CI 4196. One of the four Fusarium isolates used for inoculations was a predominant nivalenol producer, while the other isolates were deoxynivalenol (DON) producers. Out of the other mycotoxins 3-AcDON was found in grain at a relatively higher concentration. Significant cultivar differences in DON content, examined yield traits, percentage of Fusarium colonies and percentage of non-germinating seeds were detected after inoculum spraying on two dates and mist irrigation of infected plots. When inoculated with aggressive isolate of F. culmorum Chevron and CI 4196 cvs. showed high resistance and the cultivars Jersey, Olbram and Scarlett moderate resistance to DON accumulation in grain. Treatment with fungicide Horizon 250 EW (active ingredient tebuconazole) led on average to a 52.5% reduction of DON content, but the efficacy of fungicide treatment was highly influenced by year and cultivar. Fungicide treatment did not have a significant effect on grain weight per spike and, in general, the influence of infection on examined yield traits was low in these experiments. DON content was closely related only with the parameter CT Fus (transformed) from quantitative real time PCR analysis. Using the developed PCR system it was possible to specify clearly cultivar responses to infection and effects of fungicide treatment on DON content. Keywords: spring barley, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium graminearum, head blight, mycotoxin content, yield traits, cultivar resistance, fungicide treatment, quantitative PCR analysis Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 91-101 Volume: 40 Issue: 3 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3705-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3705-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-200403-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:40:y:2004:i:3:id:3705-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B. MØLLER Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark Author-Name: L. Munck Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark Title: A New Two Dimensional Germinative Classification of Malting Barley Quality Based on Separate Estimates of Vigour and Viability Abstract: It is surprising that not even today do germination data seem fully integrated with malting data in barley quality evaluation. In order to implement such an integration, pattern recognition multivariate data analysis (chemometrics) is essential. Inspired by the results from chemometric analyses of whole germination curves we tested a two-dimensional classification plot of barley samples based on separate estimates for "vigour" (g%1) germination energy (GE) as abscissa with limits at 70% and 30% and "viability" (g%3) as ordinate with limits at 98% and 92%. The seven barley classes obtained visualise the quality differences in a consistent and instructive way clearly differencing and ordering malting barleys with falling extract% and increasing wort β-glucan (mg/l) according to a subsequent validation analysis. "Vigour" g%1 could surprisingly be predicted by Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) correlation by Near Infrared Transmission (NIT) and by a separate set of ten physical-chemical analyses. Samples with "viability" g%3 lower than 92% were outliers. It was concluded that germination speed is connected with the structure of the seed, which regulates the availability of substrate for germ growth near connected to the speed of malt modification. It is suggested that a NIT PLSR prediction model for "vigour" can be used directly "on-line" for quality control in the grain industry and by plant breeders. A fast germinative classification plot can be established with NIT spectroscopy for "vigour" and the Tetrazolium germ-staining test for "viability" within two hours. Keywords: germination classification, vigour, viability, Near Infrared Transmission, physical-chemical properties Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 102-108 Volume: 40 Issue: 3 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/3706-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3706-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-200403-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:40:y:2004:i:3:id:3706-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Bobková Title: Spring wheat Granny Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 109-110 Volume: 40 Issue: 3 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/6092-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6092-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:40:y:2004:i:3:id:6092-CJGPB