Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brian J. Steffenson Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology and Author-Name: Kevin P. Smith Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, USA Title: Breeding Barley for Multiple Disease Resistance in the Upper MidwestRegion of the USA Keywords: barley, Hordeum vulgare L., disease resistance, marker-assisted selection Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 79-86 Volume: 42 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3646-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3646-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-200603-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:42:y:2006:i:3:id:3646-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ulrich Kurt Posselt Author-Workplace-Name: State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Author-Name: Philippe Barre Author-Workplace-Name: National Institute of Agronomic Research (INRA), Forage Genetics and Breeding Unit (UGAPF), Lusignan, France Author-Name: Gintaras Brazauskas Author-Workplace-Name: Lithuanian Institute of Agriculture, Akademija, Kédainiai, Lithuania Author-Name: Lesley Beryl Turner Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, United Kingdom Title: Comparative Analysis of Genetic Similarity between Perennial Ryegrass Genotypes Investigated With AFLPs, ISSRs, RAPDs and SSRs Abstract: Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is the most important grass species used in temperate grassland agriculture. Our objective was to obtain an overview of the genetic relationships between 20 individual genotypes of perennial ryegrass of diverse origins, using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and two sets of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. All 20 individuals were uniquely fingerprinted by all four marker systems and comparisons were made on the basis of 85 markers each. Mean genetic similarities were estimated at 0.31, 0.43, 0.23 and 0.15 for AFLPs, ISSRs, RAPDs and SSRs, respectively. Cophenetic values resulted in good (AFLP and SSR-B = 0.88) to moderately good fits (ISSR = 0.76, RAPD = 0.70, and SSR-A = 0.79). Comparing the four marker systems to each other, AFLP and SSR-A were correlated best (r = 0.57). All other comparisons revealed rather low correlation coefficients in the Mantel Z test. With twice as many markers cophenetic values increased to a very good fit for AFLPs (0.90) and SSRs (0.92). Keywords: marker comparison, AFLP, ISSR, RAPD, SSR, Lolium perenne L Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 87-94 Volume: 42 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3647-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3647-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-200603-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:42:y:2006:i:3:id:3647-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniela Mikulíková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Plant Production, Piešťany, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Michaela Benková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Plant Production, Piešťany, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Ján Kraic Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Plant Production, Piešťany, Slovak Republic Author-Workplace-Name: University of SS. Cyril and Methodius, Trnava, Slovak Republic Title: The Potential of Common Cereals to form Retrograded Resistant Starch Abstract: Resistant starch (RS) has been recognised as a functional fibre with many health-promoting effects. RS exists in four forms - RS1, RS2, RS3, and RS4. The RS3 type is generated by amylose retrogradation typically resulting from food processing procedures. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the potential ability of six agriculturally important cereals to generate type RS3 resistant starch after retrogradation of their amylose. In comparison with all tested cereals, the statistically significant highest level of RS3 (5.28% ± 0.68) was detected in triticale, mainly in the Pinokio, Presto, Tricolor, and Kendo cultivars. Significant highly content was also found in rye (4.93% ± 0.73), especially in Selgo, Esprit, Dankowskie Nowe, and Apart cultivars, in comparison with wheat, spring and winter barley, tritordeum and oat. There were unsignificant differences between triticale and rye in RS3 levels. Wheat contained less RS3 (3.87% ± 0.55) in comparison to triticale and rye. The best wheats with this trait were the Athlet, Boka, Trane, Versailles, and Torysa cultivars. The content of RS3 in barley was not high (2.35% ± 0.45 in winter barley, 2.51% ± 0.25 in spring barley), similar to tritordeum (2.26% ± 0.36). The RS3 content in high amylose barley mutant Glacier was two-fold higher than in other tested barley cultivars (P < 0.01). Only minimal level of RS3 can be generated from oat seed starch (0.41% ± 0.09). These results indicate that plant species as well as crop cultivar screening are important for the identification of suitable natural sources of resistant starch. Concerning the production of functional foods, it is important to recognize that valuable bread cereals such as wheat and rye are superior sources of this type of dietary fibre and are highly beneficial to the human health. However, it is advisable to continue for other years in these annual results and localities too. Keywords: resistant starch, wheat, barley, rye, triticale, tritordeum, oat Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 95-102 Volume: 42 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3648-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3648-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-200603-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:42:y:2006:i:3:id:3648-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Narpal Deep Kaur Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Tropics and Subtropics, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Miroslava Vyvadilová Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Miroslav Klíma Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Miroslav Bechyně Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Tropics and Subtropics, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: A Simple Procedure for Mesophyll Protoplast Culture and Plant Regeneration in Brassica oleracea L. and Brassica napus L. Abstract: An improved protocol for Brassica protoplast culture and plant regeneration was developed. Isolated protoplasts from four-weeks-old in vitro shoot tip culture of Brassica oleracea var. botrytis cv. Siria F1 and Brassica napus doubled haploid of breeding line OP-1 were cultured at a density of 9.8-11.2 × 104 protoplasts/ml in darkness at 25°C in a modified medium containing 2% glucose, 0.25 mg/l 2,4-D, 1 mg/l BAP and 1 mg/l NAA. The first divisions of protoplasts were observed on the third day of culture in B. oleracea and on the fourth day in B. napus. The protoplast cultures were diluted with low osmotic medium on 7th and 11th day. The frequency of dividing cells was about 80% in B. oleracea and 50% in B. napus. After one month, the microcalli of approximately 0.5-1 mm in size were transferred into an induction medium with various combinations of growth regulators. Minimum duration of enzyme treatment time and extended dark period in the initial phase of culture increased the survival rate of protoplasts. Organogenesis started when the calli enlarged in size on an induction medium (1 mg/l NAA, 0.02 mg/l GA3, 1 mg/l 2iP) with 2% sucrose and 0.8% agar. Regeneration frequency of calli was found to be 69-75% in B. oleracea and 2-3% in B. napus. Well-developed shoots were transferred for rooting to a half-strength MS medium without growth regulators. More than 100 B. oleracea regenerants were transferred into soil, and they produced normal heads and set seeds. This very simple procedure is efficient and suitable mainly for B. oleracea var. botrytis and represents a background for fusion experiments. Keywords: Brassica napus L., Brassica oleracea L., organogenesis, protoplast culture, regeneration Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 103-110 Volume: 42 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3649-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3649-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-200603-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:42:y:2006:i:3:id:3649-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jozef Gubiš Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Agricultural Research Centre, Research Institute of Plant Production, Piešťany, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Martina Hudcovicová Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Agricultural Research Centre, Research Institute of Plant Production, Piešťany, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Marcela Gubišová Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Agricultural Research Centre, Research Institute of Plant Production, Piešťany, Slovak Republic Title: Rapid Detection and Quantification of Rhynchosporium secalis in Barley Using a Polymerase Chain Reaction Abstract: PCR primers for diagnosis of Rhynchosporium secalis in seed samples of barley were developed. For the quantification of the pathogen in seed samples a real-time PCR with SYBR Green approach was used. Amounts from 1.8 to 419.1 pg of R. secalis DNA per 100 ng of total DNA were detected in 18 samples of barley seeds contaminated by R. secalis in field conditions. The correctness of this quantitative analysis was checked using an artificial infection of seeds with 1, 2, 5 and 20% level of infection by R. secalis. The level of contamination of artificially infected samples decreased with a lowering amount of added seed powder contaminated by the pathogen, the correlation coefficient for this analysis was 0.98. While the primer pair used in these analyses shows cross-reactions with other pathogens (P. teres, Drechslera tritici-repentis, F. culmorum and F. poe), it is recommended to check the products of RT-PCR by agarose-gel electrophoresis, in which these pathogens are easily distinguishable from R. secalis by different lengths of the amplified fragments. Keywords: barley scald, real-time PCR, pathogen diagnostics Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 111-114 Volume: 42 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3650-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3650-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-200603-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:42:y:2006:i:3:id:3650-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Koprna Title: Winter Oilseed Rape Oponent Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 115-116 Volume: 42 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/6060-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6060-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:42:y:2006:i:3:id:6060-CJGPB