Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V. Holubec
Title: The monitoring, collecting, and conserving of landraces and wild plant genetic resources, in situ, on-farm
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S1
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/2666-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2666-CJGPB.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:46:y:2010:i:SpecialIssue:id:2666-CJGPB

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Z. Stehno
Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic
Author-Name: J. Bradová
Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic
Author-Name: L. Dotlačil
Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic
Author-Name: P. Konvalina
Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
Title: Landraces and obsolete cultivars of minor wheat species in the czech collection of wheat genetic resources
Abstract: The proportions of landraces in the Czech collection of wheat genetic resources significantly differentiates among wheat species, 4.2% in bread, 77.6% in emmer, and 80.0% in the einkorn wheat collections. A set of 10 selected emmer wheat landraces has been characterized by high molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GSs). They were evaluated for 3 years in field trials, and described by grain quality parameters. Emmer wheat accessions differ considerably in the polymorphisms of HMW-GSs. Out of the total of 10 studied emmer wheat landraces, 5 accessions appeared to be homogeneous in the electrophoretic patterns of HMW-GSs; they were formed by a single glutenin line. Much higher crude protein content was detected in all of the emmer wheat accessions, in comparison with the control bread wheat cultivar. The proportion of this important component varied between 15.5% and 22.2%. On the other hand, SDS sedimentation, an important parameter of bread making quality, was very low (1.2-4.4 ml); and a similar situation has been recorded in the gluten index. Based on such results, the emmer wheat landraces can be considered potentially more suitable for other purposes than for the preparation of bread (e.g. for different grain mixtures, purée, etc.).
Keywords: emmer wheat, grain quality, HMW glutenin subunits, landraces, wheat species
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S100-S105
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/2664-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2664-CJGPB.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: I. Faberová
Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic, e-mail: faberova@vurv.cz
Title: Standard descriptors and EURISCO development
Abstract: The paper gives information about both the genesis, and a survey of, the descriptors used for the documentation of plant genetic resources held in ex situ crop collections. The first international documentation standards were developed by the FAO in the 1950s. In 1974, a specific body for plant genetic resources, the IBPGR (International Board for Plant Genetic Resources), was established within the FAO. Since the 1970s, the descriptor lists for main crop collections have been developed, including passport descriptor sets. For the most part, the passport descriptors were common to all crops, with only slight differences. In 1997, the first attempt to create a standard set of descriptors resulted in 24 passport descriptors developed by FAO and IPGRI (International Plant Genetic Resources Institute) working in cooperation. In 2001, the official Multi-Crop Passport Descriptor list (MCPD) was published, including a revised standard set of 28 descriptors. The European ex situ crop catalogue (EURISCO) enlarged the standard set of passport descriptors by adding 6 additional fields in 2002; and another 2 new descriptors were added in November of 2008. A global level of data compatibility is preferred; therefore projects aimed at world-wide utilization and standardization of systems, such as GRINGlobal, and Accession-Level Information System (ALIS), are supported.
Keywords: documentation, European crop catalogue, ex-situ collection, plant genetic resources
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S106-S109
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/1521-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1521-CJGPB.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Drobná
Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Production Research Center, Research Institute of Plant Production Piešťany, 921 68 Piešťany, Slovak Republic, e-mail: drobna@vurv.sk
Title: Monitoring of endangered Astragalus species in the protected landscape area Dunajské luhy at the Danube floodplains
Abstract: Astragalus excapus L. and Astragalus austriacus Jacq. are regarded as critically endangered species in Slovakia. They are threatened by environmental impact, natural succession, as well as by human activities. Monitoring them is an important tool in determining their status and in making management decisions for their protection. In this contribution, a summary of the basic terrain endeavours, current status, locality and species description, habitat preferences, possible threats, current protection, and management activities are presented.
Keywords: Astragalus austriacus, Astragalus excapus, monitoring, protection, threat
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S14-S18
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/986-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/986-CJGPB.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: O.M. Jandurová
Author-Workplace-Name: Research Station of Viticulture, Crop Research Institute, 267 18 Karlštejn, Czech Republic,
Author-Name: R. Casal
Author-Workplace-Name: Research Station of Viticulture, Crop Research Institute, 267 18 Karlštejn, Czech Republic,
Title: Successful reintroduction of ancient grape varieties in the Czech Republic
Abstract: Changes in the law have allowed Czech vintners to produce land wines from some ancient varieties. There is the chance now for the reintroduction of such varieties, when we can clearly explain the pros and cons of these varieties in comparison with the common varieties; plus be able to indicate the possible benefits for those vintners who start to plant these ancient varieties. The successful reintroduction of these ancient varieties could enlarge the selection of wines for sale, and represents an alternative way of storing genetics resources, similar to on-farm conservation.
Keywords: Pinot noir précoce, reintroduction, Traminer white, Vitis vinifera
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S19-S20
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/2674-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2674-CJGPB.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:46:y:2010:i:SpecialIssue:id:2674-CJGPB

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V. Holubec
Author-Workplace-Name: Deptartment of Gene Bank, Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic
Author-Name: P. Hauptvogel
Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Production Research Centre Piešťany, 921 68 Piešťany, Slovakia
Author-Name: F. Paprštein
Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy, 508 01 Hořice v Podkrkonoší, Czech Republic
Author-Name: W. Podyma
Author-Workplace-Name: Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, 00-930 Warszawa, Poland$3
Author-Name: M. Ševčíková
Author-Workplace-Name: OSEVA PRO, Ltd., Grassland Research Station, 756 54 Zubří, Czech Republic
Author-Name: T. Vymyslický
Author-Workplace-Name: 4 41 Troubsko, Czech Republic
Title: Results of projects on collecting, mapping, monitoring, and conserving of plant genetic resources 1990-2008
Abstract: Old landraces and obsolete cultivars represent a national heritage that must be conserved for future generations. Similarly, crop wild relatives (CWR) are a valuable gene pool for plant breeding or for direct introduction as a new crop. These materials have been mapped, collected, evaluated, regenerated, and conserved in the Gene Bank. In total, 3726 seed and vegetative samples have been collected in the Czech Republic, as well as 1582 abroad (in Slovakia, Poland and Austria) during cross-border cooperation projects. All collecting sites (over 1000) were located by GPS and plotted using the Geobaze Professional 2.8 mapping software. Altogether, 688 samples were declared as a national collection, and 627 seed accessions were conserved in the Gene Bank. In addition, 842 accessions of fruits were recommended for in situ conservation. Selected species of the families Poaceae, Fabaceae, and Alliaceae, which are rare or threatened in the Czech Republic, have been monitored in situ for 3-5 years. Two sites were suggested for protection as new protected areas.
Keywords: collecting, conservation, crop wild relatives, landraces, mapping, monitoring, plant genetic resources
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S2-S8
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/2673-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2673-CJGPB.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V. Holubec
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Gene Bank, Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně,
Title: Monitoring of selected threatened species in Bohemia
Abstract: The monitoring was based on 6 localities selected from within different regions of the Czech Republic. The vegetation was monitored during 2005 to 2008. Plant checklists have been made for each locality. Permanent plots of 9 m2 in size have been marked and the phytosociological relevés have been recorded. The standard Braun-Blanquet scale of abundance/dominance was used. Biological diversity was evaluated using the Shannon, Simpson, and Evennes indexes. While some localities were stable and no threat was found (Radobýl), other localities were (to an extent) disturbed (Grado, Václavka, and Děčín); seriously damaged (Zbraslav), or permanently lost (Jílovský potok). Collecting seeds for the Gene Bank ex-situ conservation can serve as a backup for in situ conservation. Protection of two localities is suggested.
Keywords: conservation, in situ, monitoring, phytosociological relevés, plant genetic resources, threatened species
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S21-S26
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/694-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/694-CJGPB.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:46:y:2010:i:SpecialIssue:id:694-CJGPB

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H. Knüpffer
Author-Workplace-Name: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany, e-mail: knupffer@ipk-gatersleben.de
Title: The Balkan collections 1941-1942 of Hans Stubbe in the Gatersleben Gene Bank
Abstract: The German Federal Gene Bank at the Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) in Gatersleben comprises ca. 148 000 accessions of crop plants and their wild relatives. Among these, material from Albania and Greece is represented with ca. 1100 and more than 2700 accessions, respectively. IPK's collection of Albanian germplasm is the world's largest collection, while IPK's Greek germplasm collection is the third largest holding of Greek crops and their wild relatives. The largest part of this material (ca. 200 and 1600 accessions from Albania and Greece, respectively) originates from two collecting expeditions carried out by Hans Stubbe, the founder of the Institute for Cultivated Plant Research, and other German collectors during the Second World War, in 1941 (ca. 700 accessions) and 1942 (ca. 1100 accessions). Stubbe's expeditions are described with respect to the regions visited, species collected, plus a comparison between the original collections and their present state in the IPK Gene Bank is provided. A formal scientific report about the results of these expeditions had never been published before. The material from these expeditions can be freely requested from the IPK Gene Bank, after signing a Material Transfer Agreement.
Keywords: Albania, collecting expedition, crop plants, Greece, plant genetic resources
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S27-S33
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/2675-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2675-CJGPB.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:46:y:2010:i:SpecialIssue:id:2675-CJGPB

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K. Dušek
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetables and Special Crops Olomouc, Crop Research Institute, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic, e-mail: dusek@genobanka.cz
Author-Name: E. Dušková
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetables and Special Crops Olomouc, Crop Research Institute, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic, e-mail: dusek@genobanka.cz
Author-Name: K. Smékalová
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetables and Special Crops Olomouc, Crop Research Institute, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic, e-mail: dusek@genobanka.cz
Title: Genetic diversity of selected medicinal plants in protected landscape areas in the Czech Republic
Abstract: Agrimonia eupatoria, Betonica officinalis, Hypericum perforatum, Plantago media, Salvia pratensis and S. verticillata were selected as subjects for a research project studying the genetic diversity of wild medicinal plants in the Czech Republic. Some plants (both in the vegetative form and as seeds) from 26 localities at 5 protected landscape areas around the Czech Republic were transferred to the field nursery in Olomouc; there the contents of the active compounds (essential oil, tannins, hypericin and hyperforin, mucus) were evaluated. The large number of results provides a good opportunity to evaluate the quality of natural medicinal plants for pharmaceutical purposes; with regard to its origin, and to selecting starting materials for both breeding and the production of drugs.
Keywords: active substances content, medicinal plants, protected landscape area
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S34-S36
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/2449-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2449-CJGPB.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Ševčíková
Author-Workplace-Name: OSEVA PRO, Ltd., Grassland Research Station Rožnov-Zubří, 756 54 Zubří, Czech Republic,
Title: Repatriation of lost old grass varieties to the germplasm collection of the Czech Republic
Abstract: In former Czechoslovakia, grass breeding was located in the three distinct regions of Southern Bohemia and Northern Moravia during the 1920's; and later in Slovakia in the 1940's. This resulted in the development of 45 cultivars of 17 grass species which originated from local ecotypes and were named after the place of their breeding (e.g. Táborský, Větrovský, Rožnovský, and Levočský). Most of these historical cultivars were not preserved in any national germplasm collection, and the number of missing accessions amounted to 27 of the 34 deleted varieties. Using the findings about unpreserved materials of Czechoslovak origin in the European Central Crop Databases, as well as the EURISCO web catalogue, it was possible to repatriate 7 historical cultivars (Arrhenatherum elatius Větrovský, Festuca pratensis Větrovská, Festuca rubra Rožnovská, Lolium perenne Táborský, Phleum pratense Větrovský, Poa nemoralis Rožnovská, and Poa pratensis Levočská) from the gene banks of the neighbouring European countries. The accessions were regenerated, and their seed has been stored ex situ in the Gene Bank of the Crop Research Institute in Prague.
Keywords: cultivars, germplasm collection, grasses, repatriation
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S37-S39
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/1518-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1518-CJGPB.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Martincová
Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Production Research Centre, Grassland and Mountain Agriculture Research Institute, 974 21 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia, e-mail: jmartin@vutphp.sk
Author-Name: Ľ. Ondrášek
Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Production Research Centre, Grassland and Mountain Agriculture Research Institute, 974 21 Banská Bystrica, Slovakia, e-mail: jmartin@vutphp.sk
Title: Grassland monitoring of meadows in the region around Banská Bystrica
Abstract: Meadow grassland communities were monitored in situ in the region around the town of Bansk᠂ystrica (Central Slovakia) over the 2008 growing season. The botanical compositions were determined at the sites listed in NATURA 2000 (Donovaly, Tajov, and Priechod). The respective site coordinates were determined using a Global Position System, and then put on the digital map of the Google server. A range of rare, endangered, and protected plant species were found at the monitored sites (e.g. Gymnadenia densiflora, Lilium bulbiferum, Lilium matragon, and Stipa joannis).
Keywords: grassland monitoring, flora, Kremnické vrchy Mountains, Starohorské vrchy Mountains, vegetation
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S40-S44
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/2668-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2668-CJGPB.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:46:y:2010:i:SpecialIssue:id:2668-CJGPB

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K.Sh. Tojibaev
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Botany, 700143 Tashkent, Uzbekistan,
Title: Monitoring of the relic endemics of Uzbekistan's flora
Abstract: The results from monitoring of two endemic species of Uzbekistan flora are shown. The first species examined was Otostegia bucharica B. Fedtsch. (Lamiaceae). This is an endemic species of Uzbekistan which is critically endangered. The second focus of this research was Thesium minkwitzianum B. Fedtsch. (Santalaceae), also an endemic species of western Tien Shan, that grows in the territory of the Chatcal Reseserve.
Keywords: Uzbekistan flora, Otostegia bucharica, Thesium minkwitzianum
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S45-S46
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/698-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/698-CJGPB.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: D. Pospíšilová
Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Station for Viticulture and Enology Modra, Slovakia,
Author-Name: R. Šimora
Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Station for Viticulture and Enology Modra, Slovakia,
Author-Name: D. Sekera
Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Station for Viticulture and Enology Modra, Slovakia,
Title: Research work on Vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris in Slovakia
Abstract: By 2008, twelve localities had been investigated. At each location we assessed the degree of threats to the wild grapevine. Flowering plants were seldom found. The plants found were localized geographically, and 149 vines were described using the characteristics of shoot types and leaves, using the O.I.V. descriptor list. Morphological differences of the leaf shape, hair or bristle density are high. A few seeds which were found in dry black berries are much smaller in size than the seeds of Vitis vinifera ssp. sativa. From plants that were easily attainable, cuttings were taken with the objective to multiply the Vitis sylvestris and to establish an ex situ collection. In 2008, we repeated the procedure with 54 vines. The state of health of the vines in situ is very good. No fungal diseases were visible, and mites occurred only rarely. In the nursery, some plants were contaminated by mildew.
Keywords: conservation, evaluation, Vitis sylvestris, wild plants
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S47-S49
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/989-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/989-CJGPB.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. Hauptvogel
Author-Workplace-Name: SARC - Research Institute of Plant Production Piešťany, 921 68 Pieštany
Author-Name: R. Kuna
Author-Workplace-Name: Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, , 949 74 Nitra, e-mail: r.hauptvogel@vurv.sk
Author-Name: P. Štrba
Author-Workplace-Name: Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, , 949 74 Nitra, e-mail: r.hauptvogel@vurv.sk
Author-Name: P. Hauptvogel
Author-Workplace-Name: SARC - Research Institute of Plant Production Piešťany, 921 68 Pieštany
Title: GIS design for in situ conservation of rare and endangered species
Abstract: Two projects: Conservation and use of genetic resources of non-traditional crops, related wild species and wild species for food and agriculture; and Characterization and evaluation of diversity of wheat and their wild relatives and utilising in breeding involve research into rare and endangered species in the territory of Slovakia. In Slovakia, many threatened and rare plant species occur. In this group of plants, Aegilops cylindrica Host and Arctous alpina (L.) Nied are also listed. They are registered in the Red Data Book of Slovakia. To locate the occurrences of these species, we have used a GPS system. In this article, we illustrate using GIS (Geographic Information System) in plant conservation.
Keywords: Aegilops, Arctous, endangered species, GIS, in situ, rare species
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S50-S53
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/696-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/696-CJGPB.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Cunha
Author-Workplace-Name: INRB, L-INIA, Quinta d'Almoinha, 2565-191 Dois Portos, Portugal
Author-Workplace-Name: Universidade Nova de Lisboa, ITQB, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
Author-Name: M. Teixeira Santos
Author-Workplace-Name: INRB, L-INIA, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
Author-Name: J. Brazăo
Author-Workplace-Name: INRB, L-INIA, Quinta d'Almoinha, 2565-191 Dois Portos, Portugal
Author-Name: L.C. Carneiro
Author-Workplace-Name: INRB, L-INIA, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
Author-Name: M. Veloso
Author-Workplace-Name: INRB, L-INIA, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
Author-Name: P. Fevereiro
Author-Workplace-Name: Universidade Nova de Lisboa, ITQB, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
Author-Workplace-Name: Universidade de Lisboa, Faculta Cięncias, Departement Biologia Vegetal, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal, e-mail: evn.eiras.dias@mail.net4b.pt
Author-Name: J.E.J. Eiras-Dias
Author-Workplace-Name: INRB, L-INIA, Quinta d'Almoinha, 2565-191 Dois Portos, Portugal
Title: Genetic diversity in portuguese native Vitis vinifera L. ssp. vinifera and ssp. sylvestris
Abstract: To assess the different origins of Portuguese grapevine varieties, we used six nuclear and four chloroplastidal microsatellites as molecular markers, in order to compare the genetic structure of native wild-vines with native grapevine varieties. Both native subspecies have a great diversity, and a high interrelationship across the six nuclear microsatellites. Although identical numbers of alleles were found in each population, their distribution was different in the vinifera and sylvestris subspecies. Portuguese wild-vines have only chlorotypes A and B; A being the most frequent. The fifty-seven analysed Portuguese varieties have chlorotypes A, B, C, and D. The most frequent was the chlorotype A (75%), followed by D (21%). The results obtained reinforced the idea of Western Europe as having been one of the domestication centres for the grapevine, with contributions from the Eastern European gene pool. The observed genetic structure is a starting point from which to clarify the high number of native cultivars found in Portugal, and reinforces their probable origin in the Iberian Peninsula.
Keywords: domestication centre, genetic structure, Portuguese vinifera and sylvestris subspecies, vine
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S54-S56
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/2447-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2447-CJGPB.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:46:y:2010:i:SpecialIssue:id:2447-CJGPB

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: F. Paprštein
Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy, Ltd., Holovousy, 508 01 Hořice v Podkrkonoší, Czech Republic
Author-Name: J. Sedlák
Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy, Ltd., Holovousy, 508 01 Hořice v Podkrkonoší, Czech Republic
Author-Name: V. Holubec
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Gene Bank, Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, e-mail: fp@vsuo.cz
Title: In situ conservation of fruit landraces
Abstract: In situ conservation is considered as conservation of wild biota in the natural habitat (locality). The authors extend the term to cultivated fruit species naturalised in the landscape, such as occasional spontaneous seedlings, and planted material such as old solitary trees among fields, old groves, avenues (country lanes), wind-breaks, and abandoned remnants of orchards. In situ conservation is also used to mark unique materials during collecting expeditions, before they will be taken as ex situ or proclaimed as permanent in situ. Important landraces found within 12 regions of the Czech Republic were registered, evaluated, and in situ localised by Global Positioning System (GPS). The following accessions were marked for in-situ conservation: apple (401), sweet cherry (263), pear (91), plum (42), sour cherry (27), and berry fruits (18).
Keywords: conservation, fruits, genetic resources, in situ
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S57-S59
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/695-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/695-CJGPB.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:46:y:2010:i:SpecialIssue:id:695-CJGPB

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V. Holubec
Author-Workplace-Name: Deptartment of Gene Bank, Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech republic
Author-Name: T. Vymyslický
Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Fodder Crops, Ltd., 664 41 Troubsko, Czech Republic
Author-Name: F. Paprštein
Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy, Ltd., Holovousy, 508 01 Hořice v Podkrkonoší, Czech Republic, e-mail: holubec@vurv.cz
Title: Possibilities and reality of on-farm conservation
Abstract: Conservation of crops is based on ex situ collection into gene banks. Additionally, crop's wild relatives can be conserved in situ, and landraces and obsolete cultivars also can be conserved using the on-farm method. The definition and methodology of on-farm conservation is discussed. On-farm conservation has been set up in the Czech Republic as model examples in several institutions dealing with nature protection, education, cultural conservation, as well as by some private farmers. Problems, plus positive and negative experiences are presented. On-farm conservation in open-air-museums in the natur (skansens) as well as in the national parks, seem to be suitable ways forward for the Czech Republic.
Keywords: conservation, in situ, landraces, on-farm, plant genetic resources
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S60-S64
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/2670-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2670-CJGPB.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: F. Paprštein
Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy, Ltd., Holovousy, 508 01 Hořice v Podkrkonoší, Czech Republic
Author-Name: J. Sedlák
Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy, Ltd., Holovousy, 508 01 Hořice v Podkrkonoší, Czech Republic
Author-Name: V. Holubec
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Gene Bank, Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic, e-mail: fp@vsuo.cz
Title: On-farm orchards of fruit trees
Abstract: Four on-farm plantations (KRNAP Vrchlabí, the Orchard of Reconciliation in Neratov, Podyjí National Park, and Šumava National Park) were successfully established in a traditional form, with large orchard trees on seedling rootstocks. Certain accessions (cultivars) for on-farm conservation in the given locality were selected, according to the incidence and presentation of genotypes in these particular areas. This information was obtained by localization of fruit trees in situ and the determination of certain cultivars. Nursery stock production for onfarm plantations is described. Because of the longevity of the plantation, seedling rootstocks were used for the production of planting materials for the on-farm plantations. Techniques of on-farm plantation establishment and orchard management are stated within the paper. Four established on-farm plantations have ensured the long-term preservation of landraces in their original areas.
Keywords: apples, pears, plums, sour cherries, sweet cherries
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S65-S69
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/2669-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2669-CJGPB.html
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: L. Dotlačil
Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic, e-mail: dotlacil@vurv.cz
Author-Name: J. Hermuth
Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic, e-mail: dotlacil@vurv.cz
Author-Name: Z. Stehno
Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic, e-mail: dotlacil@vurv.cz
Author-Name: V. Dvořáček
Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic, e-mail: dotlacil@vurv.cz
Author-Name: J. Bradová
Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic, e-mail: dotlacil@vurv.cz
Author-Name: L. Leišová
Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic, e-mail: dotlacil@vurv.cz
Title: How can wheat landraces contribute to present breeding?
Abstract: Two sets of winter wheat landraces and obsolete cultivars were studied in three-year field experiments, and compared with 3 modern control cultivars. The higher spike productivity in modern cultivars could mainly be attributed to an increased number of grains in a spikelet and harvest index (HI), whereas thousand grain weight (TGW) has only a slight effect. Landraces and old cultivars proved to have a higher content of crude protein. Spike productivity characteristics, except for TGW, showed a negative correlation with the crude protein content in the grain. The number of kernels in a spikelet strongly affected the spike's productivity, whereas the TGW has only half the effect. The mean yield of four modern cultivars was 51% higher than the mean yield of 31 landraces and obsolete cultivars. Regression analysis proved the much stronger response of modern cultivars to environment (b = 1.63), then was the response of old cultivars (b = 0.87). Different responses to environments were found within the set of 31 landraces, as well. We could also identify potentially valuable donors of earliness and winter hardiness among the old cultivars. High crude protein content (up to 18%), and other valuable quality characteristics, were rather frequent. In both sets, HMW Glu-subunits were described, and we have additionally studied 67 selected lines. Among them, 10 lines showed the crude protein content of 17.5% to 18.3% (where the gluten index and Zeleny test varied from 28.5 to 54.0 and 36.8 to 61.7, respectively). High values of all quality characteristics showed lines gained from the cultivars Mindeszentpusztai (HUN), Szekacz 19 (HUN), Bartweizen linie a (AUT), Viglašská červenoklasá (CZE), as well as some others.
Keywords: donors of traits, genetic diversity, grain quality, landraces, stress tolerance, yield stability
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S70-S74
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/1519-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1519-CJGPB.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:46:y:2010:i:SpecialIssue:id:1519-CJGPB

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Stoyanova
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, 4122 Sadovo, Bulgaria
Author-Name: B. Boller
Author-Workplace-Name: Agroscope Reckenholz-Tänikon Research Station ART, 8046 Zurich, Switzerland, e-mail: s_stoyanova@gbg.bg
Title: Seed protein electrophoresis for assessment of genetic variation within genotypes of meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds)
Abstract: The protein diversity of 45 genotypes (forty genotypes selected within two gene pools and five varieties) of meadow fescue was examined. Genetic variation was described using ISTA/UPOV methods for crop variety identification. Modifications of acid-PAGE of alcohol-soluble proteins (prolamins), and SDS-PAGE of salt-soluble proteins (globulins) were elaborated for seed analyses of Festuca pratensis Huds. The results of this study indicated that the genotypes of meadow fescue could effectively be differentiated on the basis of polymorphism, detected between protein patterns. SDS-PAGE presented a higher differentiation power and better repeatability; thus could be used as a rapid and reliable method for the identification of F. pratensis genotypes in breeding programmes and the seed industry.
Keywords: acid-PAGE, genetic diversity, meadow fescue, SDS-PAGE
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S75-S81
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/2569-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2569-CJGPB.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Vrána
Author-Workplace-Name: Research Station for Viticulture, Crop Research Institute, 267 18 Karlštejn, Czech Republic,
Author-Name: O.M. Jandurová
Author-Workplace-Name: Research Station for Viticulture, Crop Research Institute, 267 18 Karlštejn, Czech Republic,
Title: Must characteristics of selected grapevine varieties used for local wine production
Abstract: The must characteristics of some old varieties (present on the list of varieties allowed for land wine making) were compared with their commercial relatives, in order to estimate their specific benefits and advantages for wine processing. In the case of Portuguese blue and Pinot noir pr飯ce, we additionally identified the influences of environmental conditions on their must composition and wine quality. Clear differences in sugar accumulation among varieties were detected, as well as differences in earliness.
Keywords: earliness, Pinot noir précoce, sugar accumulation, Traminer white, Zenit
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S82-S84
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/697-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/697-CJGPB.html
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:46:y:2010:i:SpecialIssue:id:697-CJGPB

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K. Dušek
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetables and Special Crops Olomouc, Crop Research Institute, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic, e-mail: dusek@genobanka.cz
Author-Name: E. Dušková
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetables and Special Crops Olomouc, Crop Research Institute, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic, e-mail: dusek@genobanka.cz
Author-Name: K. Smékalová
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetables and Special Crops Olomouc, Crop Research Institute, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic, e-mail: dusek@genobanka.cz
Title: Variability of morphological characters and active compound contents in Salvia verticillata L. in the Czech Republic
Abstract: Whorled clary was chosen as one of the medicinal plants with prospects for the reconstruction of flowering meadows in some areas of the Czech Republic. Nevertheless, production of uniform seed mixtures for these purposes brings a risk of decreasing the natural biodiversity of such meadow phytocenoses; and therefore the variability of its morphological characteristics and the content of essential oil in individual populations of this genus in the Czech Republic were studied. Among the studied populations, statistically significant differences in morphological characters were found, but not in the contents of the essential oil.
Keywords: biodiversity, content of essential oil, lilac sage, variability, whorled clary
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S85-S86
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/1520-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1520-CJGPB.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Cunha
Author-Workplace-Name: INRB, L-INIA, Quinta d'Almoinha, 2565-191 Dois Portos, Portugal
Author-Workplace-Name: Universidade Nova de Lisboa, ITQB, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
Author-Name: M. Teixeira Santos
Author-Workplace-Name: INRB, L-INIA, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
Author-Name: L.C. Carneiro
Author-Workplace-Name: INRB, L-INIA, 2784-505 Oeiras, Portugal
Author-Name: P. Fevereiro
Author-Workplace-Name: Universidade de Lisboa, Faculta Cięncias, Department Biologia Vegetal, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
Author-Name: J.E.J. Eiras-Dias
Author-Workplace-Name: INRB, L-INIA, Quinta d'Almoinha, 2565-191 Dois Portos, Portugal
Title: Vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris (Gmeli) Hegi populations in Southern Portugal: assessing the genetic diversity for its future management and conservation
Abstract: A survey of Vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris (Gmeli) Hegi in Portugal has revealed the existence of wildvine populations that occur only in riparian wood habitats on river margins, as is the case for other European populations. The genetic diversity of four populations has been evaluated using nuclear and chloropastidial microsatellites as molecular markers. An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), showed that most of the genetic diversity was attributable to differences among individuals within populations. Only 7% of the total variance was attributable among populations; suggesting the existence of a low level of population differentiation. Chloroplastidial microsatellites revealed the expected situation for the Iberian Peninsula, (i.e. the presence of only chlorotypes A and B; with chlorotype A as the most frequent within the wild-vine populations). The diversity obtained is a starting point for the management and conservation of wild-vines in situ and ex situ. Several measurements have to be taken to maintain their natural habitat, and in order to preserve its diversity.
Keywords: genetic diversity, management and conservation, nuclear and chloroplastidial microsatellites, Vitis vinifera ssp. sylvestris
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S87-S89
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/2671-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2671-CJGPB.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T. Vymyslický
Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Fodder Crops, Ltd., 664 41 Troubsko, Czech Republic,
Title: Monitoring of selected threatened Fabaceae species in Moravia
Abstract: Altogether, 17 threatened wild plant species of the family Fabaceae, selected in their natural localities, were included in the monitoring. They could have prospects for use in agriculture or horticulture. Most of the monitored species are well conserved within protected areas. Only occasional disturbances can be observed (caused by wild animals, human footpaths, etc.). Declines in species number were observed, especially during dry seasons (2004, 2007). On the other hand, an increase of species numbers was recorded during wet seasons (2006, 2008); this, thanks to the increased occurrence of annual species and ephemerals. For an evaluation of the state of vegetation on each locality, the Shannon diversity index, combined with species richness data, were used. Species growing on extreme (very dry, much insolated, extremely acid, etc.) localities tend to have bigger fluctuations in their population size, but are better protected against human impacts. No negative trends have been observed in the population dynamics of any of the monitored localities.
Keywords: biodiversity, conservation, genetic resources, in situ, monitoring, phytosociology
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S9-S13
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/2667-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2667-CJGPB.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V. Dvořáček
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Gene Bank, Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic
Author-Name: D. Janovská
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Gene Bank, Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic
Author-Name: L. Papoušková
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Gene Bank, Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic
Author-Name: E. Bicanová
Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Science Prague, 165 21 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic, e-mail: dvoracek@vurv.cz
Title: Post-harvest content of free titratable acids in the grain of proso millet varieties (Panicum milliaceum L.), and changes during grain processing and storage
Abstract: A triennial evaluation of the content of titratable acids (TA) in grain was carried out on 12 varieties of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.). The model variety, Mironovskoe 94, harvested in 2004, was used for the monitoring of sensory changes in TA content, in relationship to different storage conditions and the application of different grain processing methods. The Czech state norm (CSN 56 0512-9 1995) Determination of Titratable Acids, with a slight modification, was used as the standard method. The TA contents in dry matter varied between 39 and 78 mmol/kg of grain dry matter, and significant differences between varieties and experimental years were found. The method of proso millet processing had a key role in the final sensitivity to rancidity. The storage conditions had a much lower influence on TA content than the processing technology. The clearly detected sensory changes found in scoured grains corresponded with TA contents within the range of 90 to106 mmol/kg. The monitoring of the TA content can be considered as a suitable tool for the prediction of rancidity processes in millet grains.
Keywords: Panicum miliaceum L., proso millet, rancidity, storage conditions, titratable acids
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S90-S95
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/699-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/699-CJGPB.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Bradová
Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic,
Author-Name: L. Štočková
Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, 161 06 Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic,
Title: Evaluation of winter wheat collection in terms of HMW- and LMW-glutenin subunits
Abstract: The composition of high molecular weight (HMW-GS) and low molecular weight (LMW-GS) glutenin subunits was examined in a collection of 86 Czech registered winter wheat varieties. These proteins were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. An inter-varietal polymorphism of the HMW and LMW glutenin subunits was detected. Twenty-one different patterns for HMW were identified, and eighteen for the LMW-glutenins. The different alleles encoded at the six glutenin loci were determined. Three, six, and four alleles were observed, respectively at the Glu-A1, Glu-B1, and Glu-D1 loci (encoding high HMW-GS). Three, eight, and three alleles of LMW-GS were found, respectively, at the Glu-A3, Glu- B3, and Glu-D3 loci. The evaluated varieties were split into four categories of baking quality, and these variety groups were analyzed for the presence of different HMW-GS and LMW-GS alleles. While the alleles Glu-B1c (7+9), and Glu-D1d (5+10) were detected exclusively in bread wheat varieties, the alleles Glu-B1d (6+8), Glu-D1a (2+12), and Glu-A3e/f only occurred in those varieties that are not suitable for bread-making.
Keywords: characterization, electrophoresis, genetic diversity, glutenin subunits, Triticum aestivum L
Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
Pages: S96-S99
Volume: 46
Issue: SpecialIssue
Year: 2010
DOI: 10.17221/2448-CJGPB
File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2448-CJGPB.html
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