Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martina SOLDÁNOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan IŠTVÁNEK Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jana ŘEPKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Antonín DREISEITL Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Integrated Plant Protection, Agricultural Research Institute in Kromeriz, Kroměříž, Czech Republic Title: Newly discovered genes for resistance to powdery mildew in the subtelomeric region of the short arm of barley chromosome 7H Abstract: Two dominant genes for resistance to powdery mildew (caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei) from the PI296825 and PI466461 accessions of wild barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum) were identified close to the subtelomeric region of the short arm of chromosome 7H. Genetic analyses predicted two resistance loci in F2 populations established from crosses between each of the two accessions and the winter barley (H. vulgare) variety Tiffany. Genetic mapping revealed a highly effective (52% of phenotypic variation) resistance gene from PI296825 located between the markers GBMS192 and GBM1060. In F2 plants exhibiting resistance reaction types (RT) 0 to RT1-2, specific DNA fragments for co-segregating markers were amplified. In plants with RT2 and RT2-3, the resistance was conferred by another unidentified resistance gene. In PI466461, the resistance gene found on the short arm of chromosome 7H was flanked by the markers GBM1126 and GBM1060. Another resistance gene coincided with the Mla locus. Resistance in RT0 plants was conferred by both resistance genes, which accounted for 58% of the total phenotypic variation. The two resistance genes with the same location on chromosome 7H have different phenotypic effects on the resistance in RT0 plants; therefore, the resistance alleles could be at different loci. Keywords: DNA marker, genetic mapping, Hordeum vulgare, simple sequence repeats Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 95-102 Volume: 49 Issue: 3 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/33/2013-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/33/2013-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201303-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:49:y:2013:i:3:id:33-2013-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alena HANZALOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Methods, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel BARTOŠ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Methods, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Taťána SUMÍKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Methods, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Physiological specialization of wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) in the Czech Republic in 2009-2011 Abstract: In 2009-2011 virulence of the wheat leaf rust population was studied on Thatcher near isogenic lines with Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3a, Lr9, Lr11, Lr13, Lr15, Lr17, Lr19, Lr21, Lr23, Lr24, Lr26 and Lr28. Samples of leaf rust were obtained in different parts of the Czech Republic. A total of 164 wheat leaf rust isolates were analysed. Resistance gene Lr9 was effective to 98% of all tested isolates. No virulence to Lr19 was found. Gene Lr24 was effective to 93% of isolates. A lower frequency of virulence to Lr2a, Lr2b and Lr28 was also observed. Recently registered cultivars were tested with six older and five most widespread leaf rust pathotypes at present. Winter wheat cultivars Carroll and Citrus were resistant to all tested older pathotypes at the seedling stage and they were also resistant to almost all pathotypes widespread at present. They displayed resistance also in official yield trials. Genes Lr34, Lr37, Lr10, Lr24 were determined in the tested cultivars by molecular markers. Keywords: leaf rust pathotypes, Lr genes, resistance, wheat Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 103-108 Volume: 49 Issue: 3 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/221/2012-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/221/2012-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201303-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:49:y:2013:i:3:id:221-2012-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aleksandra PIETRUSIŃSKA Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics and Author-Name: Paweł Częstobor CZEMBOR Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, National Research Institute at Radzików, Błonie, Poland Author-Name: Jerzy Henryk CZEMBOR Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics and Title: Lr39 + Pm21: a new effective combination of resistance genes for leaf rust and powdery mildew in wheat Abstract: Two effective resistance genes were introduced, one for leaf rust (Lr39) and the other for powdery mildew (Pm21), into the susceptible German wheat cv. Lexus. Molecular selection of plant material was carried out using closely linked markers to the introduced genes (foreground selection). In addition, for the BC1F1 population, background selection was carried out using AFLP markers that were distributed randomly throughout the wheat genome. Moreover, resistance tests were conducted using natural pathogen populations of Puccinia triticina and Blumeria graminis. The use of molecular markers for foreground selection in combination with pathology tests enabled 66 homozygous lines to be obtained that were simultaneously resistant to leaf rust and powdery mildew. Keywords: Blumeria graminis, gene pyramiding, Puccinia triticina Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 109-115 Volume: 49 Issue: 3 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/150/2012-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/150/2012-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201303-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:49:y:2013:i:3:id:150-2012-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milena MUSILOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Václav TROJAN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tomáš VYHNÁNEK Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ladislav HAVEL Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Genetic variability for coloured caryopses in common wheat varieties determined by microsatellite markers Abstract: Products made from wheat are the most important components of the human diet, and could also become a source of functional foods and feed ingredients, e.g. minerals, vitamins and/or phytochemicals. The caryopses of certain wheat genotypes contain antioxidants, i.e. anthocyanins or carotenoids, which cause purple, blue or yellow coloration. The first step before the introduction of these traits into individual wheat cultivars is the characterization of relationships and the possibility of new gene combinations. In this study, relationships among 24 genotypes with different types of caryopsis colour were investigated by means of microsatellite markers. Using 44 SSR (Simple Sequence Repeat) markers it was possible to detect a total of 184 alleles; on average, approximately 4 alleles were detected at a microsatellite locus. Using a set of 5 SSR markers (Xgwm636, Xbarc077, Xwmc262, Xgwm397 and Xwmc219) with PIC (polymorphic information content) values higher than 0.70, it was possible to differentiate among all the genotypes analysed. A dendrogram was created on the basis of all SSR markers, and showed that the genotypes were divided into two groups. Three, and one genotype with purple and blue caryopsis, respectively, belonged to one cluster, while the remaining twenty formed the second, greater cluster, which was subdivided into 2 sub-clusters: one of them involved genotypes with blue caryopses, and the other those with yellow and red caryopses. The genotype of tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum), as a possible donor of genes responsible for blue caryopses, was also classified. These results can be used in wheat breeding programmes aimed at the selection of functional foodstuffs. Keywords: aleurone layer, endosperm, grain, pericarp, SSR markers, Triticum aestivum, Thinopyrum ponticum Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 116-122 Volume: 49 Issue: 3 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/160/2012-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/160/2012-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201303-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:49:y:2013:i:3:id:160-2012-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Na Tian Author-Workplace-Name: Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Crop, Natural Products Research Center, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China Author-Name: Shuoqian Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Crop, Natural Products Research Center, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands Author-Name: Hiengming Ting Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands Author-Name: Jianan Huang Author-Workplace-Name: Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Crop, Natural Products Research Center, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China Author-Name: Sander Van Der Krol Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands Author-Name: Harro Bouwmeester Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands Author-Name: Zhonghua Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Crop, Natural Products Research Center, College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China Title: An improved Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation of Artemisia annua L. by using stem internodes as explants Abstract: Transformation of Artemisia annua, which produces the sesquiterpenoid endoperoxide artemisinin widely used for the treatment of malaria, has been hampered by the low efficiency of adventitious shoot and root formation on a selective medium containing additional compounds for Agrobacterium decontamination. Here we identified several factors which were all shown to be of importance for optimization of Artemisia annua transformation. Results indicated that stem internodes showed better resistance capacity to Agrobacterium decontaminator than leaves did. Agrobacterium tumefaciens with an optical density (OD) value of 0.2-0.5 plus 100 μmol of acetosyringone per litre of solution gave the best transformation efficiency. Moreover, kanamycin at 30 mg/l in the culture medium was effective in suppressing the growth of non-transformed tissue. Furthermore, transgenic shoots required an early induction of rooting. In addition, dimethyl sulphoxide considerably improved the rooting of shoots. The present work provides rapid and reproducible transformation and regeneration of A. annua. Keywords: anti-malaria, artemisinin, stem internode, traditional Chinese medicine, transgene Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 123-129 Volume: 49 Issue: 3 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/105/2012-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/105/2012-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201303-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:49:y:2013:i:3:id:105-2012-CJGPB