Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: Index of Volume 49 Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: I-II Volume: 49 Issue: 4 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/7100-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7100-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:49:y:2013:i:4:id:7100-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lakshmana Reddy Dhoranalapalli CHINNAPPAREDDY Author-Workplace-Name: Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, India Author-Name: Kiran KHANDAGALE Author-Workplace-Name: Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, India Author-Name: Aswath CHENNAREDDY Author-Workplace-Name: Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, India Author-Name: Veere Gowda RAMAPPA Author-Workplace-Name: Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bangalore, India Title: Molecular markers in the improvement of Allium crops Abstract: The genus Allium (Family: Alliaceae) is the most important among the bulbous vegetable crops. characterization of Alliums based on phenotypic traits is influenced by the environment and leads to biased diversity estimates. Recognizing the potential of DNA markers in plant breeding, researchers have adopted the molecular markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS), quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping and characterization of different quality traits in Alliums. This review presents details about the use of DNA markers in Alliums for cultivar identification, diversity studies, SSR development, colour improvement, total soluble solids (TSS), cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and efforts of DNA sequencing. As there are no such reports to describe the above work under a single heading, we decided to mine literature for those who are working in onion, garlic, chives and leek improvement to generate new insights in the subject. Keywords: cytoplasmic male sterility, diversity, garlic, onion, quantitative trait loci, simple sequence repeat Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 131-139 Volume: 49 Issue: 4 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/111/2013-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/111/2013-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201304-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:49:y:2013:i:4:id:111-2013-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Václav DVOŘÁČEK Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Gene Bank, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jana BRADOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Gene Bank, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ivana CAPOUCHOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Sciences, Czech University of Life Science Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Anna PROHASKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Gene Bank, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ludmila PAPOUŠKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Gene Bank, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Intra-varietal polymorphism of gliadins and glutenins within wheat varieties grown in the Czech Republic and its impact on grain quality Abstract: Using vertical electrophoresis, a set of 22 biotypes heterogeneous according to their gliadin alleles as well as their low-molecular-weight (LMW) and high-molecular-weight (HMW) glutenin subunits were identified in 10 winter wheat varieties registered in the Czech Republic. The effects of individual biotypes and their specific allelic compositions on 16 grain quality parameters were investigated. Inter-varietal differences in particular quality parameters (Zeleny sedimentation, farinograph water absorption, several values of the solvent retention capacity test) were significantly greater than the differences detected among biotypes of each variety. Special attention was given to the LMW glutenin subunits and gliadin alleles and to mutual interactions responsible for significant differences in the tested grain parameters. The results revealed at least one case of significant differences in grain quality parameters among biotypes of eight heterogeneous wheat varieties. This work unambiguously indicates that the high prevalence of wheat biotype(s) with significantly poorer values in some grain parameters can also decrease the expected technological quality of the original wheat variety. In particular, multi-line wheat varieties carrying alleles Glu-B1 (6+8) and Glu-B1 (7+9) or Glu-B3j and Glu-B3g can indicate the possibility of some significant changes in grain quality parameters. Keywords: HMW- and LMW-glutenin subunits, storage proteins, technological parameters, wheat biotypes Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 140-148 Volume: 49 Issue: 4 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/240/2012-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/240/2012-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201304-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:49:y:2013:i:4:id:240-2012-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jana CHRPOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Václav ŠÍP Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Lenka ŠTOČKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Zdeněk STEHNO Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ivana CAPOUCHOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Evaluation of resistance to Fusarium head blight in spring wheat genotypes belonging to various Triticum species Abstract: Response of 35 spring wheat varieties and lines (of four Triticum species) to spray inoculation with Fusarium culmorum was evaluated in field experiments over three years (2010-2012). Data on mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) content were complemented by symptom scores and determination of the percentage of Fusarium damaged kernels and percent reduction of thousand grain weight and of grain weight per spike due to infection. Resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) determined on the basis of the five mentioned traits was variable in all the examined genotype groups and very high only in the non-adapted check variety Sumai 3. The common wheat landrace Červená perla, four T. dicoccum genotypes (May Emmer, Weisser Sommer, Tábor, and Rudico), T. spelta (Ruzyně), and the commercially grown bread wheat variety Vánek can be considered as moderately resistant to FHB. DON accumulation was significantly higher in the modern common wheat varieties than in the other Triticum species and common wheat landraces. The latter nonetheless showed similar average reductions in grain weight per spike due to infection as did current spring wheat varieties. It is particularly important that DON content was found to be low and least variable not only in Sumai 3 but also in some T. dicoccum (Rudico and Tábor) and T. spelta (Ruzyně) genotypes. It was documented that FHB-resistant emmer and spelt wheat materials have some outstanding grain-quality parameters (e.g. very high protein content) and can be progressively utilized particularly in breeding wheat for alternative use and growing in organic farming systems. It is important to make substantial progress towards developing resistance in common spring wheat, because most current varieties other than Vánek and Trappe were found to be moderately susceptible or susceptible to FHB. Keywords: common wheat, DON content, einkorn, emmer, Fusarium culmorum, head blight resistance, spelt Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 149-156 Volume: 49 Issue: 4 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/117/2013-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/117/2013-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201304-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:49:y:2013:i:4:id:117-2013-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xingguo ZHANG Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Name: MA Chaozhi Author-Workplace-Name: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Name: Dongmei YIN Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Wei ZHU Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Changbin GAO Author-Workplace-Name: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Name: Jianfeng ZHANG Author-Workplace-Name: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Name: FU Tingdong Author-Workplace-Name: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Centre of Rapeseed Improvement in Wuhan, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, P.R. China Title: Characterization of S haplotype in a new self-compatible Brassica rapa cultivar Dahuangyoucai Abstract: The most important Brassica species, B. rapa, is naturally self-incompatible. Self-compatible mutants would be useful for dissecting the molecular mechanism of self-incompatibility (SI), a process that promotes outcrossing by recognizing and refusing self-pollens. The S haplotype in a new self-compatible B. rapa cultivar, Dahuangyoucai, was characterized for the first time in this study. Sequence analysis of the S-locus genes, SLG (S-locus glycoprotein), SRK (S-locus receptor kinase) and SCR (S-locus cysteine-rich protein) revealed that Dahuangyoucai contained S haplotype highly similar to S-f2, a non-functional class I S haplotype identified in another self-compatible B. rapa cultivar, Yellow Sarson. Mutations of MLPK (M-locus protein kinase) and non-transcription of the male determinant, SCR, were observed in this cultivar, which is similar to the situation reported in Yellow Sarson. With respect to the female determinant, SRK, no transcript was detected in Yellow Sarson but two fragments were detected in Dahuangyoucai. One fragment was highly similar to SRK-f2, but the other fragment was different from the signal factors previously identified in the SI reaction. The results suggest that Dahuangyoucai and Yellow Sarson have the same origin and a similar mechanism of self-compatibility, but diverge after mutations in SRK, SCR and MLPK. Further studying the self-compatibility of Dahuangyoucai might identify novel factors involved in the SI signalling cascade and provide new insights into the mechanisms of SI in Brassicaceae. Keywords: Brassica rapa L., gene expression, M-locus protein kinase (MLPK), S-locus genes, self-incompatibility Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 157-163 Volume: 49 Issue: 4 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/159/2012-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/159/2012-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201304-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:49:y:2013:i:4:id:159-2012-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Da-Long GUO Author-Workplace-Name: College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan Province, P.R. China Author-Name: Qian ZHANG Author-Workplace-Name: College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan Province, P.R. China Author-Name: Guo-Hai ZHANG Author-Workplace-Name: College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan Province, P.R. China Title: Characterization of grape cultivars from China using microsatellite markers Abstract: A total of 32 different grape cultivars including representatives of local Chinese cultivars, some important and widely grown Chinese cultivars and international reference cultivars were genotyped at nine microsatellite loci in order to characterize their genetic diversities. The numbers of alleles detected per locus ranged from 9 to 18 with a total of 105 alleles and an average of 11.7 alleles per locus, while the number of microsatellite genotypes varied between 10 and 23, indicating that there are abundant allele diversities in Chinese grape cultivars. The expected heterozygosity varied between 0.740 and 0.915 and the polymorphism information content ranged from 0.716 to 0.908. According to the results of clustering and Principal Coordinates Analysis, three groups were identified among all these cultivars. The clusters of cultivars showed a clear separation of table grape, wine grape of Vitis vinifera and hybrids between European and American species. This study generated a microsatellite profile database for the cultivars from Chinese local and newly bred grapes. Keywords: Chinese grape, genetic diversity, SSR, Vitis vinifera Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 164-170 Volume: 49 Issue: 4 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/32/2013-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/32/2013-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201304-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:49:y:2013:i:4:id:32-2013-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrej Trebichalský Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Ruslan Kalendar Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biotechnology, MTT/BI Plant Genomics Lab, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Author-Name: Alan Schulman Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biotechnology, MTT/BI Plant Genomics Lab, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Author-Name: Olga Stratula Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Breeding and Genetics Institute, Odessa, Ukraine Author-Name: Zdenka Gálová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Centre of Excellence for White-green Biotechnology, Chemical Institute SAV, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Želmíra Balážova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Milan Chňapek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Detection of genetic relationships among spring and winter triticale (× Triticosecale Witt.) and rye cultivars (Secale cereale L.) by using retrotransposon-based markers Abstract: In the present research, we aimed to detect and evaluate the level of long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons (WIS2, Wilma, Daniela, and Wham) intraspecific variability and intron polymorphism for β-amylase (BAMY) genes in 37 winter and 25 spring triticale cultivars coming from European countries and the USA and 5 Finnish rye cultivars. The triticale and rye genotypes differ significantly with respect to the patterns of the four explored LTR retrotransposons. A neighbour-joining dendrogram has separated all triticale and rye cultivars into three principal clusters: all winter triticale, all spring triticale and all rye cultivars. We have proved that retrotransposon-based markers can be used for differentiation of triticale and rye cultivars. Keywords: β -amylase (BAMY) genes, long terminal repeat (LTR) genes, genetic diversity, molecular markers, rye, triticale Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 171-174 Volume: 49 Issue: 4 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/56/2013-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/56/2013-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201304-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:49:y:2013:i:4:id:56-2013-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zdeněk NESVADBA Author-Workplace-Name: Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., Kroměříž, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jaroslav ŠPUNAR Author-Workplace-Name: Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., Kroměříž, Czech Republic Author-Name: Michaela KADLÍKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., Kroměříž, Czech Republic Title: Fabian two-row winter barley Abstract: Fabian is a medium-late two-row feedin barley of winter habit developed at Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., Kroměříž, Czech Republic (breeders' rights holder) and registered in the Czech Republic in 2011. In the Official Variety Trials it showed high grain yields under intensive growing conditions (104.5%) and medium yields under low input conditions (101.1%). Fabian has the highest cold hardiness of the registered two-row winter barleys and regenerates very well in the spring. Its resistance to powdery mildew is very high (score 8.2 on a 1-9 scale). It has medium plant height, moderate resistance to lodging and large yellow kernel. The spike is long and of medium density. Keywords: cultivar description, Hordeum vulgare L., powdery mildew resistance, winter hardiness Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 175-177 Volume: 49 Issue: 4 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/11/2013-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11/2013-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201304-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:49:y:2013:i:4:id:11-2013-CJGPB