Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shoukat Ahmad RATHER Author-Workplace-Name: Molecular Cytogenetics & Tissue Culture Lab, Department of Crop Improvement, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, India Author-Name: Harinder Kumar CHAUDHARY Author-Workplace-Name: Molecular Cytogenetics & Tissue Culture Lab, Department of Crop Improvement, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, India Author-Name: Vineeta KAILA Author-Workplace-Name: Molecular Cytogenetics & Tissue Culture Lab, Department of Crop Improvement, CSK Himachal Pradesh Agricultural University, Palampur, India Title: Influence of different wheat and Imperata cylindrica genetic backgrounds on haploid induction efficiency in wheat doubled haploid breeding Abstract: Four Indian and one Japanese accession of Imperata cylindrica were assessed for their influence upon haploid production in F1 generations of 21 wheat crosses (winter × spring, spring × spring and winter × winter) to find an efficient pollen source for haploid induction, which would enhance doubled haploid breeding in bread wheat. The frequency of haploid induction was influenced differently by the wheat and the I. cylindrica genotypes, indicating both maternal and paternal genetic influence on haploid induction. The gene actions controlling the inheritance of haploid induction appeared to be non-additive. Haploid formation efficiency was closely associated with other haploid induction parameters, i.e. pseudoseed formation, embryo formation and haploid regeneration. Amongst wheat F1 groups, spring × spring wheats exhibited the highest potential for haploid induction. General combining ability for haploid production was highest for the, I. cylindrica genotype Ic-Aru, native to the northeastern Himalayas, which appears as a potential pollen source for efficient haploid induction in bread wheat. Keywords: general combining ability, haploid induction, Imperata cylindrica, interactive influence, wheat Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 195-200 Volume: 50 Issue: 3 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/105/2013-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/105/2013-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201403-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:50:y:2014:i:3:id:105-2013-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Veronika DUMALASOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Methods, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Leona LEIŠOVÁ-SVOBODOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Methods, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel BARTOŠ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Methods, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Common bunt resistance of Czech and European winter wheat cultivars and breeder lines Abstract: Winter wheat cultivars recently registered in the Czech Republic were tested in three-year field tests for resistance to common bunt. Seeds were inoculated with a mixture of local strains of Tilletia tritici and T. laevis. None of the cultivars displayed a higher level of resistance compared with the resistant checks. The mean percentage of bunted ears in the three test series including checks was 39%. Mean bunt infection in resistant and susceptible checks was 2% and 63%, respectively. In the European Tilletia cooperative test performed in Prague-Ruzyně, thirty-five winter wheat cultivars from six countries were tested during 2007-2013. The cultivars Bill, Nadro, Quebon, Samurai, Stava and Tommi exhibited infection levels below 10% in the respective years of the test. Additionally, 75 breeding lines from six countries were tested. Infection levels below 1% were recorded in 56% of the lines and 1-10% levels in 19% of the lines. A close relationship between the resistant cvs. Tommi and Globus was confirmed using SSR allelic markers. Keywords: Bt genes, SSRs, Tilletia tritici, Tilletia laevis Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 201-207 Volume: 50 Issue: 3 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/241/2013-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/241/2013-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201403-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:50:y:2014:i:3:id:241-2013-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: BI Zhe-Guang Author-Workplace-Name: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement, Ministry of Education/Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Name: WU Bi-Hua Author-Workplace-Name: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement, Ministry of Education/Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Name: HU Xi-Gui Author-Workplace-Name: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement, Ministry of Education/Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiao-Hui GUO Author-Workplace-Name: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement, Ministry of Education/Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Name: Deng-Cai LIU Author-Workplace-Name: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement, Ministry of Education/Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Name: You-Liang ZHENG Author-Workplace-Name: Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement, Ministry of Education/Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, P.R. China Title: Identification of an active 1Ay gene from Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides Abstract: The high molecular weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS), encoded by the 1Ay gene, unexpressed in common wheat, exists in diploid and tetraploid wheats. An active 1Ay gene was first cloned from wild emmer wheat (T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides, 2n = 4x = 28, AABB), the oldest species in emmer wheat. Here, a novel subunit encoded by the 1Ay gene (JF519636) present in T. turgidum ssp. dicoccoides line D141 was characterized. The protein had 608 amino acids with six cysteine residues and showed faster electrophoretic mobility than 1Dy12 from common wheat. Compared with previously reported 1Ay subunits, it contained 16 single point mutations (SPMs). Comparative and phylogenetic sequence analyses suggested that this gene was more similar to the 1Ay gene from the diploid species (2n = 2x = 14, AA) T. urartu than from T. monococcum ssp. aegilopoides. Its predicted secondary protein structure possessed a different content of motifs relative to the 1Ay gene (AY245578) from T. urartu, which had similar electrophoretic mobility. In the central repetitive domain, JF519636 had more β-turns and β-bends than the 1Ay subunit AY245578. These structural characteristics in JF519636 could possibly be associated with specific gluten properties. Keywords: 1Ay gene, high molecular weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS), phylogenetic analysis, wild emmer wheat Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 208-215 Volume: 50 Issue: 3 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/195/2012-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/195/2012-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201403-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:50:y:2014:i:3:id:195-2012-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lenka HAVLÍČKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Biotechnological Centre, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Eva JOZOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Biotechnological Centre, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Andrea RYCHLÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Oilseed Crops, Opava, Czech Republic Author-Name: Miroslav KLÍMA Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Vratislav KUČERA Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Vladislav ČURN Author-Workplace-Name: Biotechnological Centre, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Title: Genetic diversity assessment in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) collection using AFLP, ISSR and SSR markers Abstract: The genetic diversity of 94 accessions of winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), representing past and contemporary material utilized in the Czech breeding programmes, was determined using microsatellites (SSRs), ISSRs and AFLPs. All three kinds of markers differed in the range of observed polymorphism and differentiated clearly each accession. Altogether 89 SSR, 1003 AFLP and 53 ISSR markers were evaluated. Their average rates of polymorphic bands were 100%, 53.9% and 90.6%, respectively, indicating high genetic diversity among the accessions. The greatest genetic distance was found by ISSRs (62.3%) whereas significantly lower distances of 49.4% in SSRs and 35.5% in AFLPs were observed. The genetic similarity matrix clearly distinguished all accessions. A set of the most distinct varieties was established. The analysis of the genetic pattern of the accessions indicated two groups comprising most of the modern Czech breeding materials, revealing a distinct shift in breeding. Surprisingly, molecular analyses did not support breeders' views about a narrow genetic base of the Czech breeding materials. The choice of appropriate technology for different aspects of germplasm evaluation is also discussed. Keywords: Brassica napus, genetic distances, genetic diversity, molecular markers Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 216-225 Volume: 50 Issue: 3 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/220/2013-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/220/2013-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201403-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:50:y:2014:i:3:id:220-2013-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jaroslava OVESNÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Leona LEIŠOVÁ-SVOBODOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ladislav KUČERA Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Microsatellite analysis indicates the specific genetic basis of Czech bolting garlic Abstract: Garlic, Allium sativum L., is a vegetable long used for culinary and medical purposes. A certain level of garlic quality is required by the local consumers, which is usually preserved by the varieties grown in that region. The aim was to establish an assay offering fast and inexpensive differentiation of garlic varieties. Length polymorphism of microsatellite loci (SSR, ILP markers) is often used in such a case. No assays have been described earlier. A set of SSR and newly used ILP markers has been assembled and verified. SSR loci ASM53, ASM072, ASA08 and ASA17 were the most polymorphic. Up to 18 alleles were scored per these loci. Monomorphic loci were identified, and excluded from the assay. The assay allows for the authenticity and confirmation of Czech garlic varieties. Moreover, a cluster analysis separated the Czech bolting varieties, indicating their specific genetic basis. The breeding potential of contemporary garlic varieties and lines is discussed. Keywords: Allium sativum L., diversity, genotyping, SSR markers, variety testing Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 226-234 Volume: 50 Issue: 3 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/82/2014-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/82/2014-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201403-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:50:y:2014:i:3:id:82-2014-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Youru WANG Author-Workplace-Name: Hubei Key Laboratory of Pollutant Analysis & Reuse Technology, Huangshi, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Hubei Key Laboratory of Edible Wild Plant Conservation & Utilization, Huangshi, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Life Science College, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi, Hubei, P.R. China Title: Green tissue-specific analysis of a cloned rbcS promoter from Lemna gibba Abstract: Many plant genetic engineering taskss require the spatial expression of genes which in turn depends upon the availability of specific promoters. The present paper analyses the green-tissue characteristics of a new L. gibba rbcS promoter driving the expression of the gus gene in transgenic tobacco. A 1491 bp rbcS (small subunit of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase) promoter was isolated from Lemna gibba. The sequence analysis revealed that this promoter is different from the previously reported rbcS promoter and is named SSU5C. A 1438 bp fragment of the SSU5C promoter was fused with the gus gene and transgenic tobacco plants were generated. The analysis of T1 tobacco p1438-gus revealed that GUS expression driven by the SSU5C promoter was detected in the green part of vegetative organs. The promoter deletion analysis confirmed a region from position -152 to -49 relative to the start of transcription containing boxes X, Y and Z, while a positive regulatory region conferred green tissue-specific expression. Further functional analysis of constructs of box-X, Y, Z, which was fused with the basal SSU5C promoter, confirmed that the boxes X, Y and Z represent the new minimized functional promoter, respectively, and are able to direct green tissue-specific expression. This promoter may be used for gene expression in a tissue-specific manner in plant molecular breeding. Keywords: Lemna gibba, rbcS, SSU5C promoter, tissue characterization Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 235-240 Volume: 50 Issue: 3 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/200/2013-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/200/2013-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201403-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:50:y:2014:i:3:id:200-2013-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alena HANZALOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetic and Plant Breeding Methods, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel BARTOŠ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetic and Plant Breeding Methods, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Virulence surveys of wheat leaf rust in the Czech Republic and resistance genes in registered cultivars Abstract: The technical report presents a summary of results obtained in the leaf rust race surveys carried out in Czechoslovakia/Czech Republic in the years 1966-2001. The physiologic races were determined using the standard differentials Malakoff (Lr1), Carina (Lr2b), Brevit (Lr2c), Webster (Lr2a), Loros (Lr2c), Mediterranean (Lr3), Hussar (Lr11), Democrat (Lr3) and the additional differential Salzmünder Bartweizen (Lr26). Races 14, 77, 61, 53 and 2 successively dominated in the given period. They mostly appeared in two variants, avirulent and virulent to Lr26. Genes for virulence in the leaf rust races were compared with genes for resistance in the registered wheat cultivars listed in the report. Most frequent were the genes Lr3 and Lr26. Keywords: Czech Republic, leaf rust pathotypes, Lr genes, resistance, wheat Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 241-246 Volume: 50 Issue: 3 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/216/2013-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/216/2013-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201403-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:50:y:2014:i:3:id:216-2013-CJGPB