Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Liaqat SHAH Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: National United Engineering Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Name: Asif ALI Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Name: Yulei ZHU Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: National United Engineering Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Name: Shengxing WANG Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: National United Engineering Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Name: SI Hongqi Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: National United Engineering Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Anhui Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Name: MA Chuanxi Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement on South Yellow & Huai River Valley, Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: National United Engineering Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Anhui Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Hefei, P.R. China Title: Wheat resistance to Fusarium head blight and possibilities of its improvement using molecular marker-assisted selection Abstract: Wheat, one of the world's major crops, is seriously affected by fungal diseases, especially in regions with high moisture and moderately warm temperatures. This paper reviews various molecular and conventional techniques that are used to identify genotypes with resistance alleles associated with Fusarium head blight (FHB) diseases. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) type II, designated as Fhb1, are frequently applied in plant breeding, and the newly recognized genes related to resistance to this fungal disease give extra insights into marker-assisted selection (MAS). Molecular markers are robust tools that may be routinely used in MAS for the mapping of resistance genes in crop breeding. FHB resistance is polygenic, and different resistance genes could be conveyed into a single genotype by MAS, which might ensure greater resistance to FHB disease. In conclusion, different researchers have used various techniques to control FHB resistance, such as MAS, gene pyramiding (through backcross), and molecular markers (association with resistance QTLs or genes). Keywords: FHB, marker-assisted selection, quantitative trait loci, sources of resistance Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 47-54 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/139/2016-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/139/2016-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201702-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:53:y:2017:i:2:id:139-2016-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Renata GALEK Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland Author-Name: Ewa SAWICKA-SIENKIEWICZ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland Author-Name: Dariusz ZALEWSKI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Seed Production, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland Author-Name: Stanisław STAWIŃSKI Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Breeding Station, HR Smolice, Grupa IHAR, Murowana Goslina, Poland Author-Name: Krystyna SPYCHAŁA Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Breeding Station, HR Smolice, Grupa IHAR, Murowana Goslina, Poland Title: Searching for low alkaloid forms in the Andean lupin (Lupinus mutabilis) collection Abstract: The Andean lupin (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) is the only cultivated species of the genus Lupinus originating from South America. Attempts were made to introduce this species to European soil and climatic conditions. The main disadvantages of the Andean lupin include too long and non-uniform maturation of pods in a plant, dropping flowers and pod buds, and a high alkaloid content (up to 5%). The aim of this study was to identify in post-mutagen treated material genotypes with low alkaloid content in seeds, which would be useful for improving L. mutabilis by breeding. The iodine test was annually performed to test the presence of alkaloids in seeds, using Lugol's solution (I in KI). Based on the turbidity of the test samples, the investigated plants were divided into four groups, labelled as follows: G - individuals with a high content of alkaloids (very bitter), P - individuals with an intermediate content of alkaloids (bitter), PS - individuals with a low alkaloid content (fairly sweet) and S - individuals with a very low alkaloid level (sweet). For further propagation, mainly individuals from the S and PS groups were selected, and by part from the group P, while all bitter forms (G group) were rejected. Thirty chosen lines were examined for the content and composition of alkaloids by gas chromatography. The alkaloid content did not exceed 0.1% in 13 favourable lines, and even two lines had less than 0.05%. The seeds of the studied material contained 7 to 9 different alkaloids. The prevailing alkaloids in the seeds of the Andean lupin were 4-hydroxylupanine and lupanine. Significant progress has been achieved in reducing the content of alkaloids in subsequent generations of the investigated representatives of Lupinus mutabilis from South America. Keywords: Andean lupin, qualitative composition of alkaloids, selection, total content of alkaloids Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 55-62 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/71/2016-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/71/2016-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201702-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:53:y:2017:i:2:id:71-2016-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: HE Ping Author-Name: Lailiang CHENG Author-Workplace-Name: Shandong Institute of Pomology, Shandong, P.R. China Author-Name: LI Huifeng Author-Workplace-Name: Shandong Institute of Pomology, Shandong, P.R. China Author-Name: Haibo WANG Author-Workplace-Name: Shandong Institute of Pomology, Shandong, P.R. China Author-Name: LI Linguang Title: A comparative analysis of DNA methylation in diploid and tetraploid apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) Abstract: DNA methylation is one of the major epigenetic modifications. It is very important to the regulation of gene expression. Methylation-sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP) profiling was applied to a diploid apple cultivar and its derived autotetraploid in order to characterize the level and pattern of DNA methylation at the two different ploidies. The frequency of methylated restriction sites was very similar between the two types (28.0% vs 27.3%), implying that polyploidization had a low effect on the global level of DNA methylation. However, with respect to the pattern of methylation, the frequency of hemi-methylated sites was higher in the tetraploid. When the transcription level of three genes encoding DNA methyltransferase was investigated in various tissues, it was established that MET1 transcript abundance was the lowest of the three genes throughout the plant, while that of DRM2 was high in the leaf, flower and fruit, as was that of CTM3 in the fruit. Polyploidization had no discernible effect on the transcription level of any of the three genes. Keywords: apple, autopolyploid, DNA methylation, MSAP, methyltransferase Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 63-68 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/55/2016-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/55/2016-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201702-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:53:y:2017:i:2:id:55-2016-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nikolay MARKIN Author-Workplace-Name: Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia Author-Name: Alexander USATOV Author-Workplace-Name: Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia Author-Name: Maksim MAKARENKO Author-Workplace-Name: Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia Author-Name: Kiril AZARIN Author-Workplace-Name: Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia Author-Name: Oleg GORBACHENKO Author-Workplace-Name: L.A. Zhdanov Don Experimental Station of the All-Russian Institute of Oil Plants, Oporny, Rostov Region, Russia Author-Name: Natalia KOLOKOLOVA Author-Workplace-Name: Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia Author-Name: Tatyana USATENKO Author-Workplace-Name: L.A. Zhdanov Don Experimental Station of the All-Russian Institute of Oil Plants, Oporny, Rostov Region, Russia Author-Name: Olga MARKINA Author-Workplace-Name: Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia Author-Name: Vera GAVRILOVA Author-Workplace-Name: N.I. Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, St. Petersburg, Russia Title: Study of informative DNA markers of the Rf1 gene in sunflower for breeding practice Abstract: The investigation of DNA markers associated with the pollen fertility restoration gene (Rf1) was conducted in Helianthus. Two sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers - HRG01 and HRG02 were informative for the identification of Rf1 gene in selections of sunflower plants. The codominant character of the HRG01 marker and HRG01 amplicon polymorphism has been determined. Five annual and twenty-six perennial species of sunflower were tested for the presence of Rf genotypes. HRG02 proved to be a more appropriate marker for Rf1 determination in perennial species, and HRG01 was more informative for annual species. We have also developed the multiplex RT-PCR test system, which allows simultaneously detecting the dominant allele of Rf1 and CMS-PET1 associated mitotype. Keywords: cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), DNA-based markers, fertility restorer genes, Helianthus, testing system Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 69-75 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/108/2016-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/108/2016-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201702-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:53:y:2017:i:2:id:108-2016-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wiesław MĄDRY Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Experimental Design and Bioinformatics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: Adriana DEREJKO Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Experimental Design and Bioinformatics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: Marcin STUDNICKI Author-Name: Jakub PADEREWSKI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Experimental Design and Bioinformatics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: Edward GACEK Author-Workplace-Name: Research Centre for Cultivar Testing (COBORU), Słupia Wielka, Poland Title: Response of winter wheat cultivars to crop management and environment in post-registration trials Abstract: In order to deliver essential information related to flexible cultivar recommendations, the cultivars which have been released have to be evaluated under different crop management treatments across agro-ecosystems using two-factorial post-registration multi-environment trials. The objective of this study was to evaluate the yield adaptive patterns of 24 winter wheat cultivars tested across 20 trial locations and three consecutive cropping seasons. The evaluated winter wheat cultivars from many Western European countries and Poland showed different adaptive responses to the Polish agro-ecosystems under each of the crop management intensities. Under the high-input management, the cultivars Rapsodia, (UK) Bogatka and Nadobna (Poland) showed a wide adaptation. The cultivars Alcazar (France), Anthus (Germany), Batuta (Poland) and Boomer (UK) were the best adapted to lower-productive environments and poorly adapted to highly productive conditions under both management treatments. Keywords: AMMI analysis, ANOVA mixed model, cluster analysis, cultivar adaptations, G × E interactions Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 76-82 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/28/2016-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/28/2016-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201702-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:53:y:2017:i:2:id:28-2016-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sandra CVEJIĆ Author-Workplace-Name: Oil Crops Department, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Siniša JOCIĆ Author-Workplace-Name: Oil Crops Department, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Emina MLADENOVIĆ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fruit Science, Viticulture, Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Milan JOCKOVIĆ Author-Workplace-Name: Oil Crops Department, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Dragana MILADINOVIĆ Author-Workplace-Name: Oil Crops Department, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Ivana IMEROVSKI Author-Workplace-Name: Oil Crops Department, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Aleksandra DIMITRIJEVIĆ Author-Workplace-Name: Oil Crops Department, Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia Title: Evaluation of combining ability in ornamental sunflower for floral and morphological traits Abstract: Ornamental sunflowers are widely cultivated for use as cut flowers and/or as garden plants. The objective of the study was to investigate breeding values of new F1 ornamental sunflower hybrids using incomplete diallel crossing of four ornamental inbred lines: Heliopa, Talia, Iskra and Neoplanta. Six traits important for ornamental market use were studied. Additive gene effects prevailed in most tested traits except for lateral floral diameter and duration of lateral flowering, which exhibited non-additive effects. The results indicated that the Talia × Neoplanta hybrid combination was the most promising for cut flowers due to long and strong branches, relatively big lateral flowers while Heliopa × Iskra and Heliopa × Talia hybrids were suitable for use as garden plants due to strong plant habit, long flowering time and desirable plant height. The results obtained from this study will be helpful for further ornamental sunflower breeding. Keywords: heterosis, hybrids, inbred lines, cut flowers, garden plants Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 83-88 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/50/2016-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/50/2016-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201702-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:53:y:2017:i:2:id:50-2016-CJGPB