Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xiaobing Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Bingjie Tu Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Breeding and Design, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Qiuying Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Soybean Molecular Breeding and Design, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Stephen J. Herbert Author-Workplace-Name: Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA Title: Physiological and molecular aspects of pod shattering resistance in crops Abstract: Pod shattering resistance is a trait acquired by crops in the process of evolution. Manipulation of physiological and molecular processes is fundamental for the improvement of shattering resistance in crops. In this review we discuss several enzymes, key hormones and their possible roles or relationships involved in pod shattering, and highlight responsible genes, quantitative traits loci (QTLs) and their implications for increased pod shattering resistance. Cell wall degrading enzymes, particularly β-glucanases and endopolygalacturonases play an important role in the process of pod dehiscence. It is not clear how and to what extent a specific hormone regulates the dehiscence zone differentiation and the dehiscence process is not clear. Resistance to shattering is highly heritable and is not controlled by a single gene. Several QTLs associated to dehiscence have been identified in crops, while the underlying genetic functions of these QTLs deserve further investigation. Further physiological analyses of the pod wall will help to understand better the pod dehiscence. Keywords: enzymes, gene identification, hormones, QTL Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 87-92 Volume: 55 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/104/2018-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/104/2018-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201903-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:55:y:2019:i:3:id:104-2018-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xin Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R.China Author-Name: Yue Han Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R.China Author-Name: Xuan Feng Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R.China Author-Name: Yun-Zhen Li Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R.China Author-Name: Bao-Xiang Qin Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R.China Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R.China Author-Name: Ji-Jing Luo Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R.China Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Science, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R.China Author-Name: Zheng Wei Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R.China Author-Name: Yong-Fu Qiu Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R.China Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R.China Author-Name: Fang Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R.China Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R.China Author-Name: Rong-Bai Li Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R.China Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R.China Title: Breeding of Indica glutinous cytoplasmic male sterile line WX209A via CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genomic editing Abstract: Glutinous cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line is necessary to select hybrid glutinous rice combination with high yield and quality. To develop glutinous CMS with low amylose content, in this study, we firstly knocked out the granule-bound starch synthase OsWaxy in 209B using CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing technology and successfully obtained a glutinous maintainer line WX209B. Comparing with maintainer line 209B, WX209B showed decreased amylose contents and similar agronomic characters. And then, through one generation of hybridization and two generations of backcrossing with WX209B as the male parent and 209A as the female parent, the glutinous CMS line WX209A was successfully achieved. Our study provides a strategy to efficiently breed for the glutinous cytoplasmic male sterile line by combining CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing technology with conventional backcross breeding method in a short period, which prepares the ground for further breeding of hybrid glutinous rice variety. Keywords: glutinous rice, CRISPR, OsWaxy, rice breeding Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 93-100 Volume: 55 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/197/2017-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/197/2017-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201903-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:55:y:2019:i:3:id:197-2017-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Olfa Slama-Ayed Author-Workplace-Name: Genetic and Cereal Breeding Laboratory, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Tunis Mahrajene, Tunisia Author-Name: Imen Bouhaouel Author-Workplace-Name: Genetic and Cereal Breeding Laboratory, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Tunis Mahrajene, Tunisia Author-Name: Sourour Ayed Author-Workplace-Name: Genetic and Cereal Breeding Laboratory, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Tunis Mahrajene, Tunisia Author-Workplace-Name: Field Crop Laboratory, Regional Research Development Office of Agriculture in Semi-Arid North West of Kef, Kef, Tunisia Author-Name: Jacques De Buyser Author-Workplace-Name: MVEH Laboratory, Paris-Sud University, Orsay, France Author-Name: Emmanuel Picard Author-Workplace-Name: MVEH Laboratory, Paris-Sud University, Orsay, France Author-Name: Hajer Slim Amara Author-Workplace-Name: Genetic and Cereal Breeding Laboratory, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, University of Carthage, Tunis Mahrajene, Tunisia Title: Efficiency of three haplomethods in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum Desf.): isolated microspore culture, gynogenesis and wheat × maize crosses Abstract: This study presents the first report comparing the efficiency of microspore culture, gynogenesis and durum wheat × maize crosses for haploid plant production from three durum wheat genotypes (Razzek, Karim and Jneh Khotifa). The results showed that the best induction, calli or embryos formation and plant regeneration rates for the three genotypes were obtained with gynogenesis (47.2, 7.6, 0.8%), followed by interspecific crosses (33.1, 1.7, 0.4%) and isolated microspore culture (8.2, 0.05, 0.01%). Interestingly, all plants regenerated by gynogenesis and durum wheat × maize crosses were green whereas all plants obtained by isolated microspore culture were albino. In the haploid production system, all steps of the process are important for the three methods. The critical steps that have greatly reduced the number of regenerated haploid plants were induction, embryogenesis and regeneration for microspore culture, forming and regeneration of calli or embryo and haploid regeneration for interspecific crosses and gynogenesis. Genotypes with good capacity of induction have not necessarily a good capacity of haploid plantlets regeneration and vice-versa. However, calli or embryos formation seems to be an indicator of the haploid production. Overall, Razzek showed a good ability to produce haploids using the three methods. Each haplomethod showed a specific advantage. Although gynogenesis is the less used method for durum wheat, it has proved to be a successful approach for green haploid plant production. Keywords: androgenesis, haploidization, interspecific crosses, unpollinated ovary culture, wheat Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 101-109 Volume: 55 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/188/2017-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/188/2017-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201903-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:55:y:2019:i:3:id:188-2017-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michal Sochor Author-Workplace-Name: Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: Michaela Jemelková Author-Workplace-Name: Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Department of Genetic Resources for Vegetables, Medicinal and Special Plants, Crop Research Institute, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ivana Doležalová Title: Phenotyping and SSR markers as a tool for identification of duplicates in lettuce germplasm Abstract: In total, 117 individual samples from 39 accessions of Lactuca sativa were selected from the Czech national collection of lettuce with the aim to quantify and compare patterns of genetic and phenotypic variability within and among lettuce accessions and to propose a rapid, reliable and inexpensive method for verification of possible duplicates. We focused on phenotypic evaluation and SSR genotyping, and studied their ability to distinguish between individual accessions. Phenotypic data revealed that no two accessions shared the exactly same phenotype and no accession exhibited variability in the characters studied. Variability in SSR markers was very low as ten of twenty scorable SSR loci exhibited no variation and the remaining ten provided 48 alleles in total. Although neither phenotypic nor SSR data alone can serve as evidence for unambiguous duplicate confirmation, their combination increases the resolution power of the method considerably. The obtained data on cultivated lettuce indicate weak, but significant correlation (R2 = 0.34, P = 0.01) between the two data sets. Keywords: gene banks, germplasm collections, Lactuca sativa, microsatellites, variation Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 110-119 Volume: 55 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/68/2018-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/68/2018-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201903-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:55:y:2019:i:3:id:68-2018-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Evangelia Stavridou Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, School of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Thessaloniki, Greece Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Biosciences, Thessaloniki, Greece Author-Name: Nikoleta A. Τzioutziou Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, School of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Thessaloniki, Greece Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Plant Sciences, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Invergowrie, Dundee, UK Author-Name: Panagiotis Madesis Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Biosciences, Thessaloniki, Greece Author-Name: Nikolaos E. Labrou Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Enzyme Technology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece Author-Name: Irini Nianiou-Obeidat Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, School of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Thessaloniki, Greece Title: Effect of different factors on regeneration and transformation efficiency of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) hybrids Abstract: The current study aimed to produce rootstock material through micropropagation by developing efficient regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation protocols for three high quality commercial tomato hybrids (Felina, Siena and Don Jose) to overexpress the GmGSTU4 gene from Glycine max L. previously shown to enhance antioxidant activity. We investigated the plant growth regulators zeatin (Z) and 3-idoleacetic acid (IAA) to determine their best combination for an efficient regeneration protocol for each hybrid. The highest regeneration efficiency was observed in Felina (94.4%) with 1.0 mg/l Z and 0.1 mg/l IAA. In contrast, Don Jose (92.5%) and Siena (83.3%) performed better with 0.5 mg/l Z and 0.1 mg/l IAA. The three hybrids did not differ in micropropagation index, however, Felina showed the highest number of in vitro rooted and in vivo acclimatized plants. Factors such as the age of explant, days in pre- and co-culture and the concentrations of acetosyringone and thiamine on Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation were assessed. The transformation indices were 37.04% for the Felina, 13.8% for Siena and 8.33% for Don Jose. We conclude that targeted genotype-specific regeneration protocols will provide an efficient and cost effective genetic transformation system for rootstock production and further incorporation into micropropagation and transgrafting systems. Keywords: Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, glutathione-S-transferases, growth regulators, micropropagation, shoot regeneration, Solanum lycopersicum Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 120-127 Volume: 55 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/61/2018-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/61/2018-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201903-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:55:y:2019:i:3:id:61-2018-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Radim Korhoň Author-Name: Petr Svačina Author-Workplace-Name: Limagrain Central Europe Cereals, s.r.o., Breeding Station PLANT SELECT, Hrubčice, Bedihošť, Czech Republic Author-Name: Dana Komoňová Author-Workplace-Name: Limagrain Central Europe Cereals, s.r.o., Breeding Station PLANT SELECT, Hrubčice, Bedihošť, Czech Republic Author-Name: Monika Škopová Author-Workplace-Name: Limagrain Central Europe Cereals, s.r.o., Breeding Station PLANT SELECT, Hrubčice, Bedihošť, Czech Republic Title: Spring barley variety Laudis 550 Abstract: Laudis 550 is a mid-late malting spring barley variety, medium resistant to lodging and medium resistant to stem brackling. It is resistant to powdery mildew, medium resistant to brown rust, leaf blotch complex and scald. The variety reached 7.2 points of the malting quality index (to the registration date) and it is recommended by the Research Institute of Brewing and Malting, Plc for production of beer with the protected geographical indication České pivo (Czech beer). Keywords: brown rust, Hordeum vulgare, malting quality index, powdery mildew, scald, variety description Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 128-130 Volume: 55 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/41/2018-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/41/2018-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-201903-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:55:y:2019:i:3:id:41-2018-CJGPB