Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alena Hanzalová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Methods, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Veronika Dumalasová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Methods, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ondřej Zelba Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Methods, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Wheat leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Eriks.) virulence frequency and detection of resistance genes in wheat cultivars registered in the Czech Republic in 2016-2018 Abstract: In 2016-2018 virulence of the Czech wheat leaf rust population was studied on Thatcher near-isogenic lines, carrying different Lr genes, and 130 leaf rust isolates. Virulence to Lr9 was found only sporadically. Virulence frequency to Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c and Lr28 was lower than in previous years. All tested isolates were avirulent to Lr19. Lr24 conditioned resistance to majority of isolates. Nineteen recently registered Czech cultivars were tested with six isolates of the pathogen and Lr genes were postulated. Presence of genes Lr1, Lr10, Lr19, Lr24, Lr26, Lr28, Lr34 and Lr37 was tested by molecular markers. Lr37 prevailed, followed by Lr genes 10, 24, 28, 1 and 26; genes Lr19 and Lr34 were not determined. Keywords: leaf rust pathotypes, Lr genes, gene postulation, multi-pathotype tests, Triticum aestivum Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 87-92 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/86/2019-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/86/2019-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202003-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:56:y:2020:i:3:id:86-2019-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bo Lan Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Fungal Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Ying-Qing Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Qiang Sun Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Technology Center, Huangdao Customs House, Qingdao, P.R. China Author-Name: Hong-Fan Chen Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Jian Chen Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Yong-Hui Huang Author-Workplace-Name: Technology Center, Zhuhai Customs House, Zhuhai, P.R. China Author-Name: Guang-Hua Huo Author-Workplace-Name: Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Fungal Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiang-Min Li Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Title: Study of pathogenicity and genetic diversity of Magnaporthe oryzae isolated from rice hybrid Wuyou 308 and detection of resistance genes Abstract: To understand the cause of loss of rice blast resistance, we studied the pathogenicity of Magnaporthe oryzae strains isolated from rice hybrid Wuyou 308 and evaluated its resistance genes. A total of 62 M. oryzae strains were isolated and tested in 7 Chinese rice varieties with varying degrees of resistance to rice blast and 30 blast-resistant monogenic lines. Fourteen physiological races of M. oryzae were identified: 8.55% belonging to the ZA group, 86.67% to the ZB group, and 5.00% to the ZC group. ZB15 was the most abundant race (45.00%). Five resistance genes, Pi-3(1), Pi-z5, Pi-k, Pi-kp(C), and Pi-k(C), conferred good resistance to the 62 strains, with resistance frequencies of 95.56, 91.11, 88.89, 82.22, and 82.22%, respectively. In contrast, Pi-a(2) had a resistance frequency of 0%. The hybrid combination Wuyou 308 was found to carry Pi-ta and Pi-b genes. Because Pi-ta and Pi-b both showed low resistance frequencies to M. oryzae isolated from Jiangxi, the hybrid rice variety Wuyou 308 could be infected by most of the 62 M. oryzae strains. The emergence and spread of rice blast disease in Wuyou 308 may thus be difficult to avoid when climatic conditions are favourable. Keywords: genetic diversity, pathogenic differentiation, rice blast, Wuyou 308 Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 93-101 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/64/2019-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/64/2019-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202003-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:56:y:2020:i:3:id:64-2019-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Veronika Kselíková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tomáš Vyhnánek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Hanáček Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Petr Martinek Author-Workplace-Name: Agrotest fyto, Ltd., Kroměříž, Czech Republic Title: Grain hardness in triticale: a physical and molecular evaluation Abstract: Grain hardness is an important quality trait of cereals. In the present work, the particle size index (PSI) was used to assess the variability in grain hardness of thirteen triticale genotypes, three wheat genotypes and one rye genotype grown in two subsequent seasons. The PSI values of the triticale samples ranged between 7.7 to 19.2%, representing a medium hard to a very hard grain. Moreover, the sequencing of genes in the Hardness (Ha) locus revealed a limited genetic variability in the grain hardness genes, namely secaloindoline-a (Sina) and secaloindoline-b (Sinb). Two possible new allelic variants were identified, one for each of the secaloindoline genes. The existing variability in the grain hardness as well as polymorphisms in its candidate genes are a good starting point for efforts in breeding new varieties of triticale with improved grain hardness. Keywords: friabilin, Ha locus, particle size index, puroindoline, secaloindoline Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 102-110 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/96/2019-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/96/2019-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202003-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:56:y:2020:i:3:id:96-2019-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ayda Krisnawati Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding, Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute, Malang, Indonesia Author-Name: Andy Soegianto Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia Author-Name: Budi Waluyo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia Author-Name: Kuswanto Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia Title: The pod shattering resistance of soybean lines based on the shattering incidence and severity Abstract: The study is aimed at evaluating the pod shattering resistance of F8 soybean lines based on the shattering incidence and shattering severity. The materials consist of fourteen F8 soybean lines and two check cultivars. The pod shattering incidence was examined by using the oven-dry method, meanwhile, the shattering severity was evaluated based on the severity of the pod opening. The pod shattering resistance based on the shattering incidence resulted in five resistant lines (7-10% shattering), seven moderate lines (13-23% shattering), one susceptible line (53% shattering), and one very susceptible line (100% shattering). The pod shattering resistance based on the shattering severity showed that the pod opening on the ventral side differed between the lines and between the shattering degree, and it tends to form sigmoid curves with a different peak position for each shattering degree. The shattering severity of the resistant, moderate, and susceptible lines reached a peak at 60 °C, 50 °C, and 40 °C, respectively. A longer pod length indicated by the length of the dorsal (r = 0.827**) and ventral (r = 0.880**) sides of the pod, a higher total pod weight (0.827**), and a larger seed size (0.794**) will increase the degree of susceptibility to pod shattering. Those characteristics were considered to be the ones that should be used as the selection criteria in the breeding programme for pod shattering resistance in soybeans. Keywords: Glycine max, oven-dry method, shatter-resistant, ventral side Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 111-122 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/20/2020-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/20/2020-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202003-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:56:y:2020:i:3:id:20-2020-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Assadollah Zakeri Haddadan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: Mehdi Ghaffari Author-Workplace-Name: Oil Crops Research Department, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran Author-Name: Eslam Majidi Hervan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: Bahram Alizadeh Author-Workplace-Name: Oil Crops Research Department, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran Title: Impact of parent inbred lines on heterosis expression for agronomic characteristics in sunflower Abstract: To study the impact of parent-inbred lines on the heterosis expression of the agronomic characteristics in sunflower hybrids, 24 sunflower hybrids along with the parent lines were evaluated for their agronomic characteristics as a randomised complete block design with three replications in the 2018-2019 growing seasons in Karaj, Iran. According to the results, the hybrids R29 × A346, R19 × A346, R29 × A40 had the highest achene yield (4 159, 4 143 and 4 108 kg/ha, respectively), but the highest heterosis was observed in R29 × A212 and R19 × A212 (182 and 181%, respectively) suggesting that the incidence of heterosis is related to the relative performance of both the parents and hybrids. The results confirmed the heterosis expression for most of the agronomic traits. The heterosis for the days to flowering and maturity were negative. All the mid-parent heterosis (MPH) for the plant height, head diameter, stem diameter and achene number were positive, while only the plant height was positive for the best parent heterosis (BPH). Almost all the MPH and BPH of the crosses for the achene and oil yield were positive, which indicates a considerable heterosis for the achene and oil yield. The results showed that the relative impact of the restorer (R)-lines was higher than the cytoplasmic mail sterile (CMS)-lines on the heterosis expression for the days to maturity, stem diameter, achene number per head and achene and oil yield. The CMS-lines had more of an impact on the heterosis expression for the plant height and the relative impact of the R-lines and CMS-lines were almost similar for the days to flowering, head diameter, achene weight and oil content. Due to the higher relative impact of the paternal lines on the heterosis expression for half of the studied characteristics in this study, choosing suitable parental lines will have a crucial role in breeding the sunflowers for a desired trait. Keywords: heterosis, hybrid, principle component, restorer Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 123-132 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/100/2019-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/100/2019-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202003-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:56:y:2020:i:3:id:100-2019-CJGPB