Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xiaohua Yao Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Subcenter of National Hulless Barley Improvement, Xining, P.R. China Author-Name: Leping Su Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Yan'an Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Yan'an, P.R. China Author-Name: Youhua Yao Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Subcenter of National Hulless Barley Improvement, Xining, P.R. China Author-Name: Likun An Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Subcenter of National Hulless Barley Improvement, Xining, P.R. China Author-Name: Yixiong Bai Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Subcenter of National Hulless Barley Improvement, Xining, P.R. China Author-Name: Xin Li Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Subcenter of National Hulless Barley Improvement, Xining, P.R. China Author-Name: Kunlun Wu Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Key Laboratory of Hulless Barley Genetics and Breeding, Xining, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Qinghai Subcenter of National Hulless Barley Improvement, Xining, P.R. China Title: Isolation, sequencing of the HvnHID gene and its role in the purple-grain colour development in Tibetan hulless barley Abstract: 2-hydroxyisoflavanone dehydratase (HID) plays an important role in isoflavone biosynthesis. In this study, HID was isolated from the seeds of the purple-grained Tibetan hulless barley variety Nerumuzha and the white-grained variety Kunlun 10. The HvnHID gene includes the 981 bp open reading frame and encodes a protein of 327 amino acids. It has a typical Abhydrolase_3 domain (78-306) and belongs to the carboxylesterase (CXE) family of the Abhydrolase_3 (α/β hydrolase) superfamily. There are eight nucleotide differences in the HvnHID coding sequence and two amino acid differences (one in the Abhydrolase_3 domain) between Nerumuzha and Kunlun 10. The HvnHID of hulless barley has the closest relationship with the HID in Hordeum vulgare, and the most distant relationship in Panicum hallii. At the early-mid stage of the seed colour development, the HvnHID expression levels in the purple and black seeds were significantly higher than in the white and blue ones (P < 0.01). During the seed colour development of purple-grained hulless barley, the expression of the key genes (HvnF3'H, HvnDRF, HvnANT1, and HvnGT) in the anthocyanidin biosynthetic pathway increased significantly, while the HvnHID expression decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Thus, it is likely that HvnHID negatively regulates the anthocyanidin biosynthesis. This result provides an important basis for further study of the biological functions of HvnHID in the anthocyanidin biosynthetic pathway. Keywords: 2-hydroxyisoflavanone dehydratase, anthocyanidin, isoflavones, purple grain Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 1-9 Volume: 58 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/34/2021-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/34/2021-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202201-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:58:y:2022:i:1:id:34-2021-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Heba Amin Mahfouze Author-Name: Osama Ezzat El-Sayed Author-Workplace-Name: Genetics and Cytology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt Title: Comparative analysis of late blight resistance R genes and their coding proteins in some potato genotypes Abstract: Late blight (LB) disease can cause potato yield losses in both Egypt and the world. Therefore, the structural analysis of resistance (R) genes responsible for LB resistance will help in understanding their functions. This work aimed to identify the variations between the dominant and recessive alleles of two genes, R3a and R8 at the nucleotide and amino acid levels in five potato genotypes. Two genes of R3a and R8 representing the broad-spectrum LB resistance were amplified by specific primers, which gave one amplicon of 194 and 220 bp of each gene, respectively. Two fragments were sequenced after purification using an ABI 3730xl System DNA Sequencer. The DNA sequence alignments of two genes, R3a and R8, were determined among five selected potato genotypes. The percentage of genetic similarity of the nucleotide sequences of the R3a and R8 genes ranged between (82-83%) and (86-87%), respectively, in comparison to the reference sequences in the nucleotide BLAST. We report on the existence of positional differences in the nucleotide sequences, and base-pair substitutions of two fragments, resulting in amino acid changes between the resistant and susceptible potato genotypes. On the other hand, the highest total number of base-pair substitutions was recorded as 16 in the recessive allele r8 of the varieties Bellini and Cara. However, the lowest number was recorded as four in the dominant allele R3a of the variety Cara. The dendrograms of the five potato genotypes were made up of phylogenetically different clusters, separate from all the other named potato accessions of the two genes. The results of this study will create a solid base for the further understanding of the mechanism of plant-pathogen interactions and supply a theoretical reference for durable resistance to late blight diseases in the potato. Keywords: fungus resistance, genetic polymorphism, nucleotide sequencing, R3a, R8, Solanum tuberosum L Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 10-20 Volume: 58 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/49/2021-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/49/2021-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202201-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:58:y:2022:i:1:id:49-2021-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chunlong Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China Author-Name: Qiuping Li Author-Workplace-Name: Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China Author-Name: Hong Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China Author-Name: Tuo Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China Author-Name: Juan Li Author-Workplace-Name: Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China Author-Name: Jiancheng Wen Author-Workplace-Name: Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China Author-Name: Shoulin Jin Author-Workplace-Name: Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhonglin Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China Author-Name: Lijuan Chen Author-Name: Dandan Li Title: A 31-bp indel localised in the 5' untranslated region of OsSUT3 affects the gene expression and rice (Oryza sativa L.) pollen development Abstract: OsSUT genes have been demonstrated to be relevant for diverse biological processes in rice. In this study, we identified the close relationship between a 31-bp insertion in a 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) of the OsSUT3 gene and higher OsSUT3 expression in rice panicles by qRT-PCR and transgenic research. Statistically significant results (P < 0.01) were found for this 31-bp insertions/deletions (indels) in the rice pollen development and other panicle traits, such as the pollen number, pollen fertility, seeding rate, and grain length. An evolution analysis showed that the proportion of the 31-bp insertion significantly increases in rice domestication. Therefore, the 31-bp Indel could be considered as a convenient molecular marker to screen more pollen and better panicle traits in rice breeding. Keywords: cis-elements, genotype, panicle traits, polymorphism, regulation Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 21-28 Volume: 58 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/66/2021-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/66/2021-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202201-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:58:y:2022:i:1:id:66-2021-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Siti Nor Aziemah Mohamad Author-Workplace-Name: School of Biological Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia Author-Name: Mohamad Bahagia Ab Ghaffar Author-Workplace-Name: Research Innovation Centre Excellence, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Seberang Perai, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia Author-Name: Ahmad Sofiman Othman Author-Workplace-Name: School of Biological Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia Author-Name: Siti Norsuha Misman Author-Workplace-Name: Research Innovation Centre Excellence, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Seberang Perai, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia Author-Name: Zuraida Abd Rahman Author-Workplace-Name: Biotechnology & Nanotechnology Research Centre, MARDI Headquarters, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Author-Name: Mohd Shahril Firdaus Ab Razak Author-Workplace-Name: Biotechnology & Nanotechnology Research Centre, MARDI Headquarters, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Author-Name: Zulkifli Ahmad Seman Author-Workplace-Name: Biotechnology & Nanotechnology Research Centre, MARDI Headquarters, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Author-Name: Muhammad Fairuz Mohd Yusof Author-Workplace-Name: Biotechnology & Nanotechnology Research Centre, MARDI Headquarters, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Author-Name: Khairulmazmi Ahmad Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Author-Name: Siti Norhidaya Yazid Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia Author-Name: Habibuddin Hashim Author-Workplace-Name: Agric Inov Resources, Sg Petani, Kedah, Malaysia Title: Disease resistance of improved MR220 lines against Pyricularia oryzae Cavara and their preliminary agronomic performance Abstract: Blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae is one of the most destructive fungal diseases of rice in Malaysia. Utilisation of resistant varieties is the most efficient management approach towards reducing yield losses. The line IRTP21683 with the Pi9 gene has shown strong resistance against the isolate MPO988.3 of pathotype P0.0, the most prevalent P. oryzae pathotype in Malaysia. Crossing of IRTP21683 was undertaken with the recurrent parent MR220, a susceptible elite Malaysian rice variety, using a marker assisted backcrossing technique with two simple sequence repeat markers, RM19776 and RM7311, as the tag for the Pi9 gene. Twenty BC3F4 lines with the Pi9 gene were resistant when challenged with MPO 988.3. The cluster analysis based on seven agronomic parameters showed that the resistant BC3F4 lines could be divided into four groups, of which the members in group 1 and 2 have shown comparable or better performance than MR220. Five lines in group 1, B220PI9-3-48, B220PI9-3-76, B220PI9-3-77, B220PI9-3-79 and B220PI9-3-82 showed outstanding yield performance with early maturation. Keywords: blast disease, marker assisted backcrossing (MAB), Pyricularia oryzae, Pi9 gene, rice Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 29-35 Volume: 58 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/55/2021-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/55/2021-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202201-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:58:y:2022:i:1:id:55-2021-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Markéta Trefilová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Hop Protection, Hop Research Institute Co., Ltd., Saaz, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Vladimír Nesvadba Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Hop Breeding, Hop Research Institute Co., Ltd., Saaz, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jitka Charvátová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Hop Breeding, Hop Research Institute Co., Ltd., Saaz, Czech Republic Title: Evaluation of resistance to Pseudoperonospora humuli and of the content of alpha acids and hop oils in hops of selected genetic resources of hop Humulus lupulus L. Abstract: Twenty hop genotypes were selected for the evaluation of resistance to primary and secondary Pseudoperonospora humuli infection and of alpha acid and hop oil content in the hops. From the wild hop genotypes, two from Canada and one from Belgium showed resistance. Among the registered hop varieties, the Czech varieties Kazbek and Boomerang were the most resistant. Both wild hop genotypes from Canada showed the highest content of alpha acids among the wild hop entries, namely 4% w/w. The lowest variability of the alpha acid content in the wild hop category was found in two wild hop varieties from the Caucasus, one from Austria and one from Lithuania. The highest content of hop oils was determined in two hop genotypes from Canada and two from Belgium. Wild hop genotypes from the Caucasus have the lowest variability of hop oils among the wild hop entries. Two hop genotypes from Canada and one from Belgium were selected for breeding aimed at drought resistance. Keywords: hop downy mildew, hop genotypes, Humulus lupulus L., primary and secondary infection, resistance Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 36-42 Volume: 58 Issue: 1 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/70/2021-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/70/2021-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202201-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:58:y:2022:i:1:id:70-2021-CJGPB