Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: Index of Volume 58 (2022) Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: I-IV Volume: 58 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/14638-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/14638-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:58:y:2022:i:4:id:14638-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kahsay Tadesse Mawcha Author-Workplace-Name: College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Technological Innovation Centre for Biological Control of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Hebei Province, Baoding, Hebei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Sciences, Aksum University Shire Campus, Shire, Tigray, Ethiopia Author-Name: Na Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Technological Innovation Centre for Biological Control of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Hebei Province, Baoding, Hebei, P.R. China Author-Name: Yanan Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Hebei Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China Author-Name: Wenxiang Yang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Technological Innovation Centre for Biological Control of Crop Diseases and Insect Pests of Hebei Province, Baoding, Hebei, P.R. China Title: Advances in wheat breeding for resistance to Fusarium head blight Abstract: Fusarium head blight (FHB), mainly caused by Fusarium graminearum, is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat globally. FHB causes an extensive reduction in yield and reduces the grain quality through its contamination with Fusarium toxins such as deoxynivalenol (DON), T2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, nivalenol, and zearalenone. This review provides an overview of updated progress of genetic studies on the resistance to FHB, with an emphasis on the sources of resistance to FHB, resistance gene/quantitative trait loci (QTL) mining, resistance gene cloning, major FHB resistance genes/QTL identification by molecular markers, and resistance mechanisms. The achievements of resistance breeding based on phenotype selection and molecular markers was also summarised. Based on the systematic analysis of breeding limitations and utilisation of FHB resistant materials, the authors put forward three suggestions: First, to toughen the resistance identification of wheat, testing traits such as Fusarium damaged kernel and DON need special attention as visual symptoms are less reliable, resistant varieties should be popularised, and the screening the resistant genes should be strengthened; The second is to use the additive effect of quantitative resistance genes accumulated from existing varieties to reduce the cost of resistance in order to create high yielding resistant varieties. Thirdly, to enhance research and utilization of new genes. Keywords: breeding strategy, QTL mapping, resistance gene, resistance mechanisms, wheat scab Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 167-188 Volume: 58 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/1/2022-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1/2022-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202204-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:58:y:2022:i:4:id:1-2022-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yuksel Kaya Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey Title: Phenotyping winter wheat for early ground cover Abstract: The relationship between the early ground cover and the grain yield in winter wheat is not yet fully understood. In a winter wheat breeding programme, selection for early ground cover is traditionally made using visual scoring. Although visual scoring is preferred as a phenotypic screening tool by wheat breeders, its output may not be reliable, as it requires experience. A smartphone camera-based digital image technique can be recommended as a feasible, reliable, repeatable, affordable, and fast selection tool for early ground cover in wheat as an alternative to visual scoring. For this purpose, two wheat trials were conducted in the 2017-2018 and 2019-2020 seasons. In both seasons, 215 wheat genotypes in total, together with three checks from spring wheat, were tested under rain-fed conditions in the spring wheat zone in Turkey. All the tested wheat genotypes were grouped into spring, facultative, and winter growth habit using visual scoring. Simultaneously, photos were taken from each plot with a smartphone camera, and the early ground cover (%) was estimated using the smartphone camera-based digital image technique. The relationships between grain yield, visual scoring, and early ground cover could so be estimated. In both seasons, significant negative correlation between grain yield and visual scoring (r = -0.679** and r = -0.704**, respectively) and significant positive correlation between the grain yield and the early ground cover (r = 0.745** and r = 0.747**, respectively) were observed. The correlation between visual scoring and early ground cover were negative (r = -0.862** and r = -0.926**, respectively). The broad sense heritability estimates in both seasons were 0.51 and 0.85, respectively, for early ground cover, 0.91 and 0.94 for visual scoring, and 0.86 and 0.69 for grain yield. In this study, we revealed that testing winter wheat genotypes in the spring wheat zone rather than in the winter wheat zone could be a more effective way to unveil the positive relationship between the early ground cover and the grain yield. We have shown that the smartphone-based digital image technique is a useful selection tool for early ground cover in winter wheat. Keywords: digital image, grain yield, growth type, visual scoring, wheat Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 189-200 Volume: 58 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/91/2021-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/91/2021-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202204-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:58:y:2022:i:4:id:91-2021-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vivek Kumar Singh Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India Author-Name: Subhash Chander Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India Author-Name: Ram Kumar Sheoran Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India Author-Name: Anu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India Author-Name: Om Parkash Sheoran Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India Author-Name: Ana Luisa Garcia-Oliveira Author-Workplace-Name: Excellence in Breeding (EiB), CIMMYT c/o ICRAF, Nairobi, Kenya Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Molecular Biology, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, India Title: Genetic variability for aluminium tolerance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Abstract: Breeding for aluminium (Al) tolerance is a vital approach for enhancing the productivity of field crops in acidic soil regions where Al toxicity seems to be the most restraining factor for crop performance. Sunflower is generally considered extremely sensitive to Al toxicity; although no comprehensive information on the evaluation of sunflower genotypes for Al tolerance is available. In this study, 50 sunflower genotypes (set-I and set-II) were evaluated for Al tolerance at the seedling stage under hydroponic conditions. Substantial genetic variability in Al tolerance was observed among the studied genotypes. High estimates of heritability were obtained for both the total root length (TRL) and root regrowth (RRG), together with high estimates of genetic advance. A cluster analysis separated the genotypes into five different groups among the studied germplasm, the genotypes; NDLR-06 and EC-601861 were observed to be highly Al tolerant in terms of root regrowth under Al stress. In conclusion, the findings lreveal the complex mechanisms of Al tolerance in sunflower and may help to find new genetic resource for the improvement of Al tolerance in sunflower breeding. Keywords: Al toxicity, characterization, stress, sunflower, variability Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 201-209 Volume: 58 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/110/2021-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/110/2021-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202204-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:58:y:2022:i:4:id:110-2021-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tao Yu Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Tuber Division, Crop Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Huanan Zhou Author-Workplace-Name: Tuber Division, Crop Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhenlei Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Tuber Division, Crop Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Hong Zhai Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Qingchang Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China Title: The sweet potato transcription factor IbbHLH33 enhances chilling tolerance in transgenic tobacco Abstract: Chilling is an important abiotic stress in plants. Sweet potato is sensitive to cold damage due to its tropical origin. In this study, we identified a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) gene, IbbHLH33, from our cold-tolerance-related transcriptomic data. Further analyses revealed that IbbHLH33 encoded a nuclear protein and was most closely related to AtbHLH33. RT-qPCR analysis showed that IbbHLH33 was expressed at the highest level in the roots, and its expression was strongly induced by low temperature (4 °C), H2O2 and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing IbbHLH33 were obtained by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, which enhanced the chilling resistance of tobacco. At low temperatures, the proline content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased significantly, while the relative conductivity decreased significantly. At the same time, the expression of proline synthesis related genes and antioxidant activity related genes increased, while the expression of ABA synthesis related genes decreased. The results showed that IbbHLH33 is a transcription factor encoding a gene of the bHLH family that regulates chilling tolerance. In conclusion, these data suggest that IbbHLH33 has the potential to improve chilling tolerance in tobacco and other plants. Keywords: bHLH, cold tolerance, Ipomoea batata (L.) Lam., overexpression Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 210-222 Volume: 58 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/115/2021-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/115/2021-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202204-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:58:y:2022:i:4:id:115-2021-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xianjun Liu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Xinchun Liu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Name: Hongyan Sun Author-Workplace-Name: College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Chunyan Hao Author-Workplace-Name: College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiaoxiao Wang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Shanxi Key Laboratory of high value utilization of coal gangue, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhijiang Rong Author-Workplace-Name: College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Zongyun Feng Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China Title: Validation of CAPS marker WR003 for the leaf rust resistance gene Lr1 and the molecular evolution of Lr1 in wheat Abstract: The wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr1 encodes a typical coiled-coil nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (CC-NBS-LRR) of resistance protein containing 1 344 amino acids. WR003, a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker is derived from the LRR regions of Lr1. In this study, a worldwide collection of 120 Aegilops tauschii accessions and 282 hexaploid wheat varieties was screened for Lr1 alleles using WR003, and the specificity of WR003 for Lr1 was confirmed by pathogenicity tests and genotype analysis. The sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree analysis of 38 Lr1 haplotypes provided a further view of the molecular evolution of Lr1. The results showed that there were very few polymorphisms between the Lr1 alleles from Ae. tauschii and hexaploid wheat with the same resistance phenotype. The polymorphisms of the Lr1 haplotypes were mainly between the different resistance lines, rather than between the different ploidy levels. These results indicate that Lr1 originated from Ae. tauschii and differentiated into resistant and susceptible genotypes before its introgression into hexaploid wheat. Therefore, it is likely that wheat Lr1 has at least two major variants for disease resistance and susceptibility, and except for certain point mutations, few gene conversions and genetic re-combinations occurred during the hexaploid wheat domestication. Keywords: Aegilops tauschii, genetic evolution, leaf rust resistance, Triticum aestivum L Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 223-232 Volume: 58 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/119/2021-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/119/2021-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202204-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:58:y:2022:i:4:id:119-2021-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Abdul Shakoor Author-Workplace-Name: College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Ministry of Education, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China Author-Name: Gul Zaib Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Epigenetics and Epigenomics, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Fang Zhao Author-Workplace-Name: College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Ministry of Education, Kaifeng, Henan, P.R. China Author-Name: Wuyang Li Author-Workplace-Name: College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China Author-Name: Xincan Lan Author-Workplace-Name: College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, P.R. China Author-Name: Somayeh Esfandani-Bozchaloyi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Title: Retraction note to: ISSR markers and morphometry determine genetic diversity and population structure in Hedera helix L. Abstract: Retraction to: Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed., 58, 2022 (2): 73-82. https://doi.org/10.17221/93/2021-CJGPBThe article was retracted by the authors based on detected errors in the data processing. Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 233 Volume: 58 Issue: 4 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/73/2022-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/73/2022-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:58:y:2022:i:4:id:73-2022-CJGPB