Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Noor Muhammad Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan Author-Workplace-Name: College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, P.R. China Author-Name: Nisar Uddin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan Author-Name: Muhammad Khalil Ullah Khan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan Author-Name: Niaz Ali Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan Author-Name: Kishwar Ali Author-Workplace-Name: College of General Education, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha, Qatar Author-Name: David Aaron Jones Author-Workplace-Name: College of Health Sciences, University of Doha for Science and Technology, Doha, Qatar Title: Diverse role of basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) transcription factor superfamily genes in the fleshy fruit-bearing plant species Abstract: The basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) superfamily is the most widespread family of transcription factors in eukaryotic organisms, which can activate the expression of genes by interacting with specific promoters in the genes. The bHLH transcription factors direct the development and metabolic process of plants, including flowering initiation and secondary metabolite production, by attaching to specific sites on their promoters. These transcription factors are essential for encouraging plant tolerance or the adjustment to harsh environmental conditions. The involvement of bHLH genes in anthocyanin formation in fleshy fruit-bearing plants, as well as the role of these genes in response to stimuli including drought, salt, and cold stress, are discussed in this article. New concepts and goals for the production of stress-tolerant fruit species are suggested. Furthermore, solid evidence for the critical role of bHLH genes in the growth and development, as well as anthocyanin biosynthesis in fleshy fruit plants, are also presented in this article. This review identifies several future research directions that can shed light on the roles of bHLH genes in fruit-bearing plants and will assist the use of these genes in efforts to breed fruit crop varieties that are more resistant to stress. Generally, there has been little research carried out on the role of bHLHs transcription factor family genes in fleshy fruit-bearing plant species and more in-depth studies are required to fully understand the diverse role of bHLH genes in these species. Keywords: anthocyanin, bHLH TFs, fruit crops, growth and development, stress response Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 1-13 Volume: 59 Issue: 1 Year: 2023 File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/cjg-202301-0001_diverse-role-of-basic-helix-loop-helix-bhlh-transcription-factor-superfamily-genes-in-the-fleshy-fruit-bearin.php File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202301-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:59:y:2023:i:1:id:2-2022-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nor Hafizah Zakaria Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia Author-Name: Mohd Shukor Nordin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia Author-Name: Maizatul Akma Ibrahim Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Productivity and Sustainable Resource Unit, Department of Plant Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia Author-Name: Fadzilah Adibah Abdul Majid Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia Author-Name: Zarina Zainuddin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Productivity and Sustainable Resource Unit, Department of Plant Science, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia Title: Genetic diversity and proteomic analysis of vegetable soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) accessions grown in mineral and BRIS soils Abstract: Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of response to environmental stress is fundamental for the development of genetically stress-tolerant crops. This study aims to find vegetable soybean accessions tolerant to cultivation in stressful tropical environments. Fourteen accessions of the vegetable soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) were grown in mineral and beach ridges interspersed with swale (BRIS) soils. The genetic diversity, estimated using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers, revealed 42.50% polymorphism and was regarded as moderate. The unweighted pair-group method arithmetic average (UPGMA) analysis allocated the tested accessions into five major clusters at a similarity coefficient level of 0.43. The lowest values of the genetic distance were between IIUMSOY11 and IIUMSOY13 & IIUMSOY13 and IIUMSOY14, indicating that these accessions were more genetically distant from the other accessions. Ten differentially expressed proteins were identified in the three selected accessions IIUMSOY1, IIUMSOY11 and IIUMSOY14 using mass spectrometry, revealing a unique expression of the proteins involved in the storage, flavonoid metabolism, protein modification, oxidative stress defence, carbohydrate metabolism and respiratory chain. The findings may be valuable for the selection of genetically diverse accessions, to enhance the breeding of vegetable soybean genotypes suitable for stressful tropical environments. Keywords: environmental stress, ISSR, legume, polymorphism, protein expression, tolerant accession Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 14-22 Volume: 59 Issue: 1 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/38/2022-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/38/2022-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202301-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:59:y:2023:i:1:id:38-2022-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mian Abdur Rehman Arif Author-Workplace-Name: Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: Edward Arseniuk Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute, Radzikow, Błonie, Poland Author-Name: Andreas Börner Author-Workplace-Name: Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany Title: Genetic variability for resistance to fungal pathogens in bread wheat Abstract: Sustainable global wheat production requires wheat varieties, that are sufficiently resistant to the main wheat diseases. The economically important fungal pathogens worldwide include powdery mildew (PM), yellow rust (YR), leaf rust (LR) and blotch causing pathogens including Septoria nodorum blotch (SNB) and Septoria tritici blotch (STB). Here, we present the evaluation of winter wheat varieties of diverse origin against the prevalent local populations of PM, YR, LR, STB and SNB under natural infection conditions through image-based phenotyping in two consecutive years (2019 and 2020). We found several varieties to be resistant against multiple diseases. Following the association mapping, we obtained a total of 206 marker trait associations for all the parameters scored which were condensed to 79 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) (eight QTLs for PM, 25 QTLs for LR, 11 QTLs for YR, 19 QTLs for SNB and eight QTLs for STB) based on the linkage disequilibrium among the molecular markers. The known genes present at these QTLs are discussed in detail. The varieties resistant to multiple diseases, identified with the QTLs and molecular markers can be considered as elite raw material for future wheat breeding. Keywords: association mapping, breeding, disease resistance, leaf blotch, powdery mildew, rusts, wheat Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 23-32 Volume: 59 Issue: 1 Year: 2023 File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/cjg-202301-0003_genetic-variability-for-resistance-to-fungal-pathogens-in-bread-wheat.php File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202301-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:59:y:2023:i:1:id:55-2022-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lingzhu Wei Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China Author-Name: Jianhui Cheng Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China Author-Name: Jiang Xiang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China Author-Name: Ting Zheng Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Horticulture, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P.R. China Author-Name: Jiang Wu Title: Transcriptome and proteome analysis of the fig (Ficus carica L.) cultivar Orphan and its mutant Hongyan based on the fruit peel colour in South China Abstract: The external fruit colour is an important parameter of the fig fruit quality. Fig anthocyanin content is critical for the peel colour. The peel of mature fruits of the fig cultivar Orphan and its red peel bud mutant Hongyan were separated for a transcriptomic and proteomic analysis. A total of 162 different abundance proteins (DAPs) and 5 015 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. The correlation analysis revealed that only two and 15 genes were downregulated and upregulated, respectively, at both the transcriptome and proteome levels. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis indicated that the enrichment pathways including Tropane, piperidine and pyridine alkaloid biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism and isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis for DEGs, and protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and flavonoid biosynthesis may contribute to the mutant color phenotype. Our results provide transcriptomic and proteomic information for two fig cultivars and may help to clarify the potential mechanisms of fig colouration. Keywords: anthocyanin biosynthesis, fig (Ficus carica L.), fruit peel colour, proteomics, transcriptomics Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 33-42 Volume: 59 Issue: 1 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/42/2022-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/42/2022-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202301-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:59:y:2023:i:1:id:42-2022-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yu Li Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiaomi Chen Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Tao Lan Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Jing Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Ziheng Chen Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Wenting Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Jinshan College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Xinmei Lin Author-Workplace-Name: Jinshan College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, P.R. China Title: Further fine mapping and candidate gene prediction for a new restoring fertility gene Rf(fa) in rice Abstract: Rf(fa), a new restoring fertility gene in rice, was previously located to a large region on Chromosome 10. The large number of genes within the region made cloning of Rf(fa) difficult. To perform the cloning and further elucidate the molecular mechanism, we reconstructed a mapping segregation population (BC1F1) of 12 000 plants. Using the population and polymorphism of simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers, we finally mapped Rf(fa) between the two SSR molecular markers MM2000 and RM25658, within a 78.87 kb region. By de novo sequencing of a restoring line of CMS-FA hybrid rice, we obtained the genomic sequence of the mapping region, which provided the basis for the prediction of the candidate gene(s) of the target gene and for the comparison of genomic sequence differences between wild and cultivated rice. Within the mapping region, the genomic sequence of the wild rice was significantly different from that of cultivated rice. There were ten genes in the final mapping region. A pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein gene was predicted as the candidate gene of Rf(fa). Our results laid a solid foundation for the final cloning and molecular mechanism analysis of the gene. The identified molecular markers tightly linked to Rf(fa) will facilitate the marker assisted selection in breeding of CMS-FA hybrid rice. Keywords: fertility restorer, gene fine mapping, prediction of candidate gene(s), rice Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 43-53 Volume: 59 Issue: 1 Year: 2023 DOI: 10.17221/49/2022-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/49/2022-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202301-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:59:y:2023:i:1:id:49-2022-CJGPB