Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohd. Kamran Khan Author-Name: Anamika Pandey Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkiye Author-Name: Mehmet Hamurcu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkiye Author-Name: Tomáš Vyhnánek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Sajad Majeed Zargar Author-Workplace-Name: Proteomics Laboratory, Division of Plant Biotechnology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir (SKUAST-K), Shalimar, Kashmir, India Author-Name: Abdullah Kahraman Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkiye Author-Name: Ali Topal Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkiye Author-Name: Sait Gezgin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkiye Title: Exploring strigolactones for inducing abiotic stress tolerance in plants Abstract: Strigolactones (SLs) are a comparatively novel class of phytohormones that are involved in the maintenance of plant architecture with key regulation of lateral branching. They are also reported to play an important role in regulating plant responses to various abiotic stresses. The potential of SLs to improve crop resilience and productivity needs to be effectively translated into agriculture. Therefore, both the endogenous biosynthesis of SLs and their exogenous application need to be thoroughly investigated to understand and exploit the mechanism underlying the alleviation of abiotic stress responses. Although several reviews have emphasised the biosynthesis of SLs in plants under abiotic stress, the mechanism underlying the alleviation of stress responses upon exogenous application has been less explored. Accordingly, in this review, although we have briefly discussed the beneficial effects of endogenous production of SLs in different sections, our main focus is to summarise the influence of exogenous SLs on the growth and development of different plant species grown under various abiotic stresses, including drought, nutrient, heavy metal, and salinity stress. Apart from providing an overview of the transcriptomic studies conducted to observe the alleviating effects of SLs on abiotic stress responses, the research gaps in this field were briefly discussed. The review provides insight for researchers to conduct further research on SLs and fill the gap so that they can be effectively used for sustainable agriculture. Keywords: climate change, drought, GR24, heavy metals, nutrients, phytohormones, salinity Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 55-69 Volume: 60 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/88/2023-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/88/2023-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202402-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:60:y:2024:i:2:id:88-2023-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Leona Leišová-Svobodová Author-Name: Vratislav Psota Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Brewing and Malting, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Marta Zavřelová Author-Workplace-Name: Agrotest fyto, s.r.o., Kroměříž, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martin Kříž Author-Workplace-Name: SELGEN, a.s., Sibřina, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Mařík Author-Workplace-Name: SELGEN, a.s., Sibřina, Czech Republic Author-Name: Zdeněk Nesvadba Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Malting quality molecular markers for barley breeding Abstract: Barley is one of the world's most important crops. Barley is used for both food and feed and is important for the production of malt. Malt quality is a complex function of barley genetics, environmental conditions during barley growth, and the technological aspects of the malting process. Due to the high heritability of more than half of the malting parameters, barley can be bred for malting quality. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is a good way to speed up the breeding process. In this study, nine molecular markers were used to screen 115 barley varieties and breeding lines over a four-year period. The results were compared with malting quality parameters. Multicomponent correlation analysis showed a good correlation (R = 0.63; P ≤ 0.01) between marker screening results and malting quality parameters. In 93 genotypes (80.9%), agreement was found between molecular marker prediction and malting quality determination. Differences between molecular marker screening and malt quality parameters and possible improvements are discussed. The use of molecular markers in MAS is highly appreciated by barley breeders. Keywords: Hordeum vulgare L., malting quality parameters, marker-assisted selection, polymorphism Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 70-78 Volume: 60 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/72/2023-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/72/2023-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202402-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:60:y:2024:i:2:id:72-2023-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Miroslav Klíma Author-Name: Yamen H. Shmeit Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Kopecký Author-Workplace-Name: Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Crop Research Institute, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Vítámvás Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Klára Kosová Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ilja T. Prášil Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Eloy Fernández-Cusimamani Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Impact of selected antimitotic substances on doubled haploid and polyploid regeneration in microspore cultures of swede (Brassica napus ssp. napobrassica (L.) Hanelt) Abstract: Several antimitotic agents were tested in three embryogenic doubled haploid (DH) lines of swede (Brassica napus ssp. napobrassica). No effect on embryogenesis was observed at the given concentrations of colchicine (5 μmol/L or 50 mg/L) and treatment time of 24 hours. Flow cytometric analysis of microspore embryos revealed a significant increase in the percentage of DH compared to the control for all substances: ethalfluralin, 62.2%; trifluralin, 58.3%; colchicine, 56.1%; amiprophos-methyl, 54.4%; pronamide, 35.0%; control, 13.3%. The occurrence of pure tetraploids was low (0-5%), mixoploids - especially n+2n - were high in all treatments, including the control (29.4-71.1%). Their presence can be explained as a consequence of spontaneous diploidisation and/or endoreduplication during embryogenesis or embryo germination. Keywords: endopolyploidy, haploids, in vitro diploidization, microspore embryos, mixoploids Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 79-85 Volume: 60 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/84/2023-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/84/2023-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202402-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:60:y:2024:i:2:id:84-2023-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Herniwati Herniwati Author-Workplace-Name: Research Center for Food Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia Author-Name: Marcia Bunga Pabendon Author-Workplace-Name: Research Center for Food Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong Science Center, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia Author-Name: Karuniawan Puji Wicaksono Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia Author-Name: Budi Waluyo Author-Name: Eko Widaryanto Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, East Java, Indonesia Title: Estimation of genetic diversity of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) genotypes as a bioethanol source using SSRs markers Abstract: Sweet sorghum is a cereal crop that can potentially serve as a source for bioethanol production. This study aims to analyse the genetic diversity of promising genotypes of sweet sorghum at the molecular level. The genetic material consisted of 12 sweet sorghum genotypes. The genetic diversity estimated using 59 SSRs markers showed a polymorphism value of 0.48 and the coefficient of genetic diversity was classified as moderate. The unweighted pair group method arithmetic average (UPGMA) analysis assigned the tested genotypes into three major clusters with a similarity coefficient level of 0.596. This indicates that the genetic similarity of the tested genotypes is moderate to high. Eight unique loci were identified with the SSRs markers in six genotypes, which are considered to control high sugar traits. Keywords: bioethanol, genetic markers, genotype, germplasms analysis, raw material Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 86-96 Volume: 60 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/79/2023-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/79/2023-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202402-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:60:y:2024:i:2:id:79-2023-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yajun Ma Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, P.R. China Author-Name: Guozhu Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Ecological Environment Engineering Research Center, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, P.R. China Author-Name: Ruijun Duan Author-Workplace-Name: Ecological Environment Engineering Research Center, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiaoan Li Author-Workplace-Name: College of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, P.R. China Author-Name: Siheng Zeng Author-Workplace-Name: College of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, P.R. China Author-Name: Yajun Yan Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, P.R. China Author-Name: Ce Zheng Author-Workplace-Name: College of Finance and Economics, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai, P.R. China Author-Name: Yueming Hu Title: Transcriptome analysis of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) roots reveals overwintering changes in different varieties Abstract: Low temperatures are one of the major abiotic stresses that affect alfalfa's development and yield. Enhancing frost resistance through resistance-related genes is one of the most effective ways to address this issue in alfalfa. Therefore, exploring cold-resistant gene resources and the cultivation of cold-resistant alfalfa cultivars is inevitable in order to achieve high yield and quality. In this study, we conducted transcriptome profiling of roots obtained from two alfalfa genotypes, i.e., Qingda No.1 for freeze tolerance and Gannong No.9 for freeze sensitivity. We observed that Qingda No.1 had more lateral roots and a more developed root system after overwintering, while Gannong No.9 had fewer lateral roots and an underdeveloped root system. After overwintering, Qingda No.1 exhibited higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity compared to Gannong No.9, while Gannong No.9 showed higher perosuperoxide dismutasexidase (POD) activity than Qingda No.1. We identified 25,935 differentially expressed genes, with 12 979 and 12 956 differential genes found in the freeze-tolerant variety Qingda No.1 group and the freeze-sensitive Gannong No.9 group, respectively. The enrichment of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways also differed between the two groups. We also discovered several gene family members, and the most frequent transcription factors were bHLH, B3, NAC, WRKY, and MYB_related. These findings provide comprehensive information to further understand the molecular mechanisms of adaptation to freezing stress in alfalfa and offer potential functional candidate genes for adaptation to abiotic stress. Keywords: expressed genes, frost resistance, low-temperature stress, lucerne, transcription factors Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 97-104 Volume: 60 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/92/2023-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/92/2023-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202402-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:60:y:2024:i:2:id:92-2023-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tomáš Mezlík Author-Workplace-Name: Ústřední kontrolní a zkušební ústav zemědělský, Národní odrůdový úřad, Brno, Česká republika Title: List of field crop varieties registered in the Czech Republic in 2023 Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 105-106 Volume: 60 Issue: 2 Year: 2024 DOI: 10.17221/11/2024-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11/2024-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:60:y:2024:i:2:id:11-2024-CJGPB