Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yajun Ma Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science (Grass Livestock Engineering and Technology Research Center), Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan,Ningxia, P.R. China Author-Name: Yu Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Ningxia Grassland Workstationr, Ningxia Autonomous Region Forestry and Grassland Bureau, Yinchuan,Ningxia, P.R. China Author-Name: Qiaoxian Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Ningxia Autonomous Region Animal Husbandry Workstation, Yinchuan, Ningxia, P.R.China Author-Name: Guo Sun Author-Workplace-Name: Yan Chi County Forestry and Grassland Bureau, Yan Chi, Ningxia, P.R. China Author-Name: Yajun Yan Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Name: Chuan Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science (Grass Livestock Engineering and Technology Research Center), Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan,Ningxia, P.R. China Author-Name: Wenbin Mian Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science (Grass Livestock Engineering and Technology Research Center), Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan,Ningxia, P.R. China Author-Name: Tianhui Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science (Grass Livestock Engineering and Technology Research Center), Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan,Ningxia, P.R. China Author-Name: Ting Gao Title: Mechanisms of overwintering frost tolerance in alfalfa roots based on 4D-Label-free quantitative proteomics Abstract: The present study investigates the differential protein expression levels between the frost-tolerant variety Qingda No.1 and the frost-sensitive variety Gannong No.9. The analysis was conducted using 4D-Label-free quantitative proteomics technology, with the samples collected prior to and after overwintering. The results showed that the protein expression of Qingda No.1 changed more significantly during the overwintering process, with 451 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) being identified, of which 224 were up-regulated and 227 down-regulated. In contrast, the protein expression of Gannong No.9 differed from that of alfalfa roots of the frost-sensitive variety, with 204 DEPs being identified, of which 93 were up-regulated and 111 down-regulated. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis showed that the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway was significantly enriched in both groups. Furthermore, enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase (C4H), and chalcone isomerase (CHI) were significantly up-regulated in the freezing-tolerant varieties. Protein interaction network analysis revealed the synergistic regulation mode of DEPs. The present study elucidated the metabolic adaptive mechanism of overwintering in alfalfa roots at the protein level, thus providing a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of frost-tolerant varieties. Keywords: differentially expressed protein, enri­chment analysis, low-temperature stress, Medicago sativa, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 181-192 Volume: 61 Issue: 4 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/27/2025-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/27/2025-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202504-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:61:y:2025:i:4:id:27-2025-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yuzhu Han Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology College, Jilin, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhijun Han Author-Workplace-Name: Economic Plants Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Yue Lu Author-Workplace-Name: Bayannur Shengmu High Tech Ecological Grass Industry Co., Ltd, Bayannur, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhongcai Han Author-Workplace-Name: Potato Research Institute, Jilin Provincial Scientific Research Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Jiayue Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Brain Cognition and Brain Diseases, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, P.R. China Author-Name: Jingying Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Horticulture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Hongyu Qiao Author-Name: Hongxia He Title: Expression and analysis of StNR and StNiRs, key enzyme genes of nitrogen assimilation in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) with different nitrogen efficiencies Abstract: The potato is a pivotal food crop on a global scale. Nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR) are the key enzymes in nitrogen assimilation. In previous research, we found that the nitrogen assimilation process was effectively regulated by StNR and StNiRs in potato and that there were significant differences in nitrogen utilisation efficiency between different potato varieties. In this study, three potato variants with different nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) were subjected to various nitrogen supply levels and photoperiod treatments. The results indicated that the relative expression levels of StNR and StNiRs in their leaves and roots, along with the enzyme activity of NR and NiR, were proportional to the nitrogen supply levels and photoperiod. This study further clarified the expression patterns of StNR and StNiRs, as well as the enzyme activity changes of NR and NiR in leaves and roots under different nitrogen supply levels and different photoperiod treatments. This provides a theoretical basis for further in-depth exploration of the specific functions related to nitrogen absorption and assimilation efficiency in potato. Keywords: enzyme activity, gene expression level, nitrogen effi, ciency, nitrogen metabolism Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 193-209 Volume: 61 Issue: 4 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/22/2025-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/22/2025-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202504-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:61:y:2025:i:4:id:22-2025-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lirong Zhao Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Zikang Chen Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Ruting Xie Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Hui Dong Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Haibo Yu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Dongsuo Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhaoxin Hu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA Author-Name: Shengwu Hu Title: Genetic characterisation of a novel male sterile two-type line system 19F08AB in Brassica napus L. Abstract: Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is a major global oilseed crop and exhibits significant heterosis. The discovery and characterisation of novel male-sterile accessions remain fundamental for harnessing heterosis in rapeseed breeding. Previously, we developed a male sterile two-type line system 19F08AB in B. napus. In this study, anther abortion in 19F08A was characterised using the squash method. The inheritance of male sterility in 19F08A and its genetic relationship to reported male sterile accessions in rapeseed was investigated using classical genetic analysis and male-sterility-gene-specific molecular markers. Results indicated that male sterile flowers of 19F08A exhibit flat petals, reduced floral organs, short filaments, and completely degenerated stamens devoid of pollen. Pollen mother cells in 19F08A degenerated at the pre-meiotic stage and aborted completely at the tetrad stage, with no dyad or tetrad formation observed. This suggested that 19F08A represents a meiosis abnormality-type male sterility. Classical genetic and molecular marker analysis revealed that male-sterile plants 19F08A carry the genotype of pol (RfpRfpMsms), whereas fertile plants 19F08B possess pol (RfpRfpmsms). The effect of the pol cytoplasm was masked by the Rfp gene. Therefore, fertility in 19F08AB is controlled by a pair of nuclear genes (Ms/ms), with male sterility exhibiting dominance over fertility. The application prospects of this male-sterile accession are also discussed. These findings expand the pool of male-sterile resources available for B. napus hybrid breeding and contribute to plant male sterility theory. Keywords: anther abortion, cytoplasmic male sterility, genic male sterility, inheritance, rapeseed Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 222-234 Volume: 61 Issue: 4 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/47/2025-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/47/2025-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202504-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:61:y:2025:i:4:id:47-2025-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yumi Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Department of GreenBio Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Sejin Oh Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Resources, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Seong-Wook Kang Author-Workplace-Name: Department of GreenBio Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Jaeyoung Ock Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Smart Agro-Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Gitak Ryu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Smart Agro-Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Seul Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Smart Agro-Industry, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Jinhee Park Author-Workplace-Name: National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Jin-Young Moon Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Science Division, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Kim Jin-Young Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Science Division, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Jongtae Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Science Division, Gyeongsangnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Seong-Woo Cho Author-Workplace-Name: Department of GreenBio Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Resources, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea Title: Evaluation of genetic characteristics and physicochemical property of Korean wheat landraces (Triticum aestivum L.) Abstract: This study has evaluated the genetic characteristics and wheat processing-related properties of four Korean wheat landraces (KWLs). The KWLs were found to possess the vernalization alleles vrn-A1, vrn-B1, and Vrn-D1 and the photoperiod alleles Ppd-A1b, Ppd-B1b, and Ppd-D1a. The Korean cultivated variety Keumgang also shared these alleles with the exception of vrn-D1. With regard to grain hardness, KWL 2 was shown to possess Pina-D1a and Pinb-D1b like Keumgang, while other KWLs were classified as carrying Pina-D1a and Pinb-D1a. All KWLs were found to be non-waxy, carrying the alleles Wx-A1a, Wx-B1a, and Wx-D1a. With regard to the polyphenol oxidase (PPO) genes, all four KWLs carried low-activity alleles, in contrast to the Keumgang sample. The assessment of physicochemical properties revealed that KWL 1, 3, and 4 had a higher amylose content but a lower protein content than KWL 2 and Keumgang. In tests of solvent retention capacity KWL 1 and KWL 2 exhibited the lowest and highest values, respectively, for all four solvents used in the tests. With regard to the dough properties, the results of Mixolab analysis indicated a faster starch gelatinisation in KWL1, while in KWL 2 a high water absorption and the longest dough development and stability times were found. KWL 3 and 4 exhibited similar dough behaviours. Principal component analysis of the four KWL lines revealed distinct clustering based on their physicochemical and dough-related traits. Keywords: genetic resources, marker-assisted selection, Mixolab, solvent retention capacity, flour quality Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 210-221 Volume: 61 Issue: 4 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/48/2025-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/48/2025-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202504-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:61:y:2025:i:4:id:48-2025-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marisa Vidya Luthfiani Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Study Program, IPB University, Darmaga Campus, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia Author-Name: M. Reza Pahlevi Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Study Program, IPB University, Darmaga Campus, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia Author-Name: Bambang Sapta Purwoko Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Darmaga Campus, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia Author-Name: Sintho Wahyuning Ardie Title: Insights into panicle trait variation and DUF-640 gene conservation in Indonesian foxtail millets (Setaria italica) Abstract: Foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is a resilient yet underutilised C4 cereal valued for its adaptability to abiotic stress and high nutritional content. While panicle traits have been linked to yield in many cereals, the spatial arrangement of foxtail millet panicles remained unexplored, especially among locally adapted genotypes. This study aimed to characterise spatial panicle architecture traits and to analyse the DUF-640, a gene controlling primary branch number, among Indonesian foxtail millet genotypes. Results revealed substantial variation in panicle architecture, including primary branch number, grain number, and grain density in eight Indonesian foxtail millet genotypes, suggesting potentially greater diversity across broader germplasm. In contrast to the substantial panicle trait variations, phylogenetic and structural analyses showed that DUF-640 genes were highly conserved across Setaria species. Although previously associated with primary branch development, the coding sequence of DUF-640 was not associated with branching variation in this study. However, its high sequence conservation across Setaria species suggests a vital and possibly conserved regulatory function. This study enhances the understanding of the morphological and genetic diversity of foxtail millet, particularly among Indonesian foxtail millet genotypes. Future research should focus on the functional characterisation of DUF-640 and the identification of regulatory sequences governing its gene expression. Keywords: ALOG domain, C4 plant, panicle architecture, primary branch, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: 235-246 Volume: 61 Issue: 4 Year: 2025 DOI: 10.17221/86/2025-CJGPB File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/86/2025-CJGPB.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjg-202504-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:61:y:2025:i:4:id:86-2025-CJGPB Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Editorial Department Title: INDEX OF VOLUME 61 Journal: Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding Pages: I-IV Volume: 61 Issue: 4 Year: 2025 File-URL: http://cjgpb.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/cjg-202504-0006_index-of-volume-61.php File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjg:v:61:y:2025:i:4:id:cjg-202504-0006