Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Vaněk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farming, Agronomic Faculty, Czech Agricultural University, Prague, Czech Republic Title: A relationship between production and reproduction traits in cows of Czech Pied cattle Abstract: The purpose of the paper was to analyse the effect of the level of milk yield and breeding value on reproduction of Czech pied cows. In the study of cows that calved in the period 1999-2001 the results for 41 357 cows from the central database were used analytically. The study was focused on the following traits: breeding value of the father of the cow for kg of milk, breeding value of the mother of the cow for kg of milk, the cow's milk yield in the 1st to the 3rd lactation, and reproduction traits after the 1st and 2nd calving. To determine the effect of the breeding value of the father or mother of the cow on reproduction traits of daughters the test cows were divided into 3 groups depending on the BV of the parents. The results were processed by multifactor analysis of variance using the CORR and GLM procedures of the SAS statistical program, v. 8.1., and the model with fixed effects for the calculation itself. The results of the study show a negative correlation between the level of the milk yield of cows and their reproduction. It may be stated that the increased milk yield decreases reproduction traits characterised by the extension of days open and calving interval. The estimated correlation between the milk yield and the days open was r = 0.38 for milk yield, r = 0.32 for fat yield, and r = 0.25 for protein yield. A similar correlation between the level of milk yield and the days open was also found in other calving intervals. Keywords: milk yield, pedigree value, Czech Pied cattle Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 131-136 Volume: 49 Issue: 4 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/4290-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4290-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200404-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:49:y:2004:i:4:id:4290-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Antalíková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Ivanka pri Dunaji, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Baranovská Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Ivanka pri Dunaji, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Jankela Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Ivanka pri Dunaji, Slovak Republic Title: The effect of branched chain amino acids on proteosynthesis in skeletal muscles of japanese quail during ontogenesis Abstract: We studied the influence of branched chain amino acids on the muscle proteosynthesis of Japanese quail during ontogenesis. We used in vitro incubation of these muscles: musculus extensor metacarpalis radialis (EMR) - wing muscle, musculus ambiens (MA) - leg muscle. The incorporation of 14C-tyrosine into the individual protein fractions was evaluated. Influences of valine, leucine and isoleucine on proteosynthesis on day 14, 28 and 53 of life of Japanese quails were compared. Different patterns of individual protein fractions were detected. During ontogenesis, in the MA the number of fractions remained unchanged while in the EMR it differed. Four fractions with molecular weight 200-1 000 kDa present on day 14 and 28 were absent on day 53. A new fraction over 200 kDa was detected on day 53. The 14C-tyrosine incorporation after leucine treatment was enhanced only in the MA of 28 days old quails. The protein content in the EMR decreased (50%) in several fractions. The addition of valine had no effect in the MA while in the EMR the protein content decreased in 14 and 28 days old quails. The incorporation of 14C-tyrosine was decreased by the influence of isoleucine in the EMR of 28 and 53 days old quails, in the MA only in 28 days old birds. We assume that the effect of regulatory amino acids on proteosynthesis depends both on muscle type and on the age of Japanese quail. Keywords: proteosynthesis, isolated muscles, 14C-tyrosine incorporation, individual protein fraction Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 137-143 Volume: 49 Issue: 4 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/4291-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4291-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200404-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:49:y:2004:i:4:id:4291-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Hejduk Author-Workplace-Name: , P. D 2 1Department of Forage Crops and Grassland Management, 2Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Doležal Author-Workplace-Name: , P. D 2 1Department of Forage Crops and Grassland Management, 2Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Nutritive value of broad-leaved dock (Rumex obtusifolius L.) and its effect on the quality of grass silages Abstract: The effect of broad-leaved dock (Rumex obtusifolius L.) on the impaired nutritive value of grassland herbages was studied together with the effect of dock and addition of microbial inoculant on the fermentation process in grass silages. The herbage of broad-leaved dock exhibits low DM content, CP and fibre contents comparable with red clover, yet its NEL concentration is low. Quality of silages made of dock at DM content over 300 g/kg is good but the silages show significantly lower contents of lactic acid (35.9%), acetic acid (70.0%) and higher pH values (4.69 vs. 4.35) as compared with the grass silage. Silages made of dock do not contain butyric acid and exhibit lower rates of proteolysis. The presence of broad-leaved dock in herbage poses a danger of slow wilting and low production of fermentation acids. The addition of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) showed in the studied set of silages and in dock silages by an increased content of lactic acid (+18.9% and +27.0%, resp.) and by a significant reduction of pH value (-0.17 and -0.14, resp.). Keywords: broad-leaved dock, nutritive value of herbage, ensiling, fermentation Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 144-150 Volume: 49 Issue: 4 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/4292-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4292-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200404-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:49:y:2004:i:4:id:4292-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: O. Tománková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Homolka Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Title: In vitro ruminal degradability of cereal grain starch Abstract: An in vitro method was used to determine ruminal degradability of starch (IVRDS) in a set of cereal grains. The set included 9 feed samples, including 2 samples of ground wheat, 2 samples of wheat treated with sodium hydroxide, ground barley, barley treated with sodium hydroxide, 2 samples of ground oats and ground maize. Ruminal degradability of starch was assayed by the feed fermentation for 2, 4, 6, 16 and 24 hours. A significant difference in starch degradability was found between treated and untreated ground samples after 2-hour fermentation (13.73 ± 3.12 vs. 32.77 ± 8.17; P < 0.001), 4-hour fermentation (33.44 ± 7.31 vs. 60.30 ± 16.71; P < 0.001) and 6-hour fermentation (42.63 ± 7.13 vs. 74.20 ± 6.38; P < 0.001). On the basis of the rate of ruminal degradability of starch the order of cereal grains was as follows (from the highest to the lowest value): ground oats, ground wheat, ground barley, ground maize, wheat and barley treated with sodium hydroxide. Keywords: cereals, starch, ruminal degradability, in vitro method Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 151-155 Volume: 49 Issue: 4 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/4293-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4293-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200404-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:49:y:2004:i:4:id:4293-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Zakes Author-Workplace-Name: The Stanislaw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland Author-Name: A. Przybyl Author-Workplace-Name: The Stanislaw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland Author-Name: M. Wozniak Author-Workplace-Name: The Stanislaw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland Author-Name: M. Szczepkowski Author-Workplace-Name: The Stanislaw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland Author-Name: J. Mazurkiewicz Author-Workplace-Name: The Stanislaw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Olsztyn-Kortowo, Poland Title: Growth performance of juvenile pikeperch, Sander lucioperca (L.) fed graded levels of dietary lipids Abstract: The aim of the experiment was to determine the effect of graded lipid content in experimental isoprotein feed (6, 10, 14% lipids and 45% protein) on the growth performance of juvenile pikeperch (initial body weight P < 0.05). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) attained the most advantageous values in this group of fish. The application of the experimental feed had a significant effect on the lipid values in fish bodies and viscera (P < 0.05) although no relationship was detected between the lipid content of the feed and that of the fish muscles. The lipid content was approximately 7.7% in all the experimental groups and the differences between the groups were statistically insignificant (P > 0.05). Keywords: Sander lucioperca (L.), dietary fat levels, growth, body composition Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 156-163 Volume: 49 Issue: 4 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/4294-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4294-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200404-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:49:y:2004:i:4:id:4294-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Pavlovic Author-Workplace-Name: , M. S 2, J. L. H 1, N. P 1, N. B 2* 1Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: M. Sikiric Author-Workplace-Name: , M. S 2, J. L. H 1, N. P 1, N. B 2* 1Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: J. L Havranek Author-Workplace-Name: , M. S 2, J. L. H 1, N. P 1, N. B 2* 1Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: N. Plavljanic Author-Workplace-Name: , M. S 2, J. L. H 1, N. P 1, N. B 2* 1Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: N. Brajenovic Author-Workplace-Name: , M. S 2, J. L. H 1, N. P 1, N. B 2* 1Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Croatia Title: Lead and cadmium levels in raw cow's milk from an industrialised Croatian region determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry Abstract: A simple and accurate method for lead and cadmium determination in raw cow's milk by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS) is described. Milk from fifteen farms near Križ in Zagreb region was sampled from the collective sample directly into plastic bottles (to avoid contamination) four times during the March of 2000. The milk samples were digested in an MLS-1200 Mega Microwave digestion system with MDR Technology. Lead and cadmium were determined directly by ET-AAS in the solutions of digested samples. Statistical analyses were performed using statistical software SAS v. 8.0. Both the farm and the date as well as their interaction (P < 0.0001) had a statistically significant influence on Pb and Cd levels in cow's milk. Pb (0.27 ± 0.06 mg/kg DM) and Cd (0.037 ± 0.007 mg/g DM) contents were not correlated (R = 0.11) and were lower in all examined samples than the tolerance limit defined by Croatian regulations (Pb < 100 g/l and Cd < 10 g/l). Chemical and statistical analyses showed that differences between the farms were not due to feed. This implies that in order to avoid milk contamination by toxic trace elements great care of stable microclimate and all apparatuses and dishes in contact with milk should be taken. Keywords: lead, cadmium, raw cow's milk, electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 164-168 Volume: 49 Issue: 4 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/4295-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4295-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200404-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:49:y:2004:i:4:id:4295-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Onenc Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey Title: A comparison of Holstein Friesian, Brown Swiss and Eastern Anatolian Red cattle slaughtered in Turkey for carcass conformation and fatness in SEUROP system Abstract: The study was conducted to compare the carcass conformation and fatness of common slaughter cattle breeds in Turkey. A total of 878 carcasses from pure Holstein Friesian (HF, n = 381), pure Brown Swiss (BS, n = 314) and pure and crosses of Eastern Anatolian Red (EAR, n = 183) males that had been slaughtered in a commercial abattoir between1 October 2000 and1 October 2001 were evaluated. Carcass conformation and fatness classes were evaluated subjectively using photographic patterns according to the SEUROP classification system. According to the data of this study, HF and BS carcasses were heavier and had a better class in fleshiness than EAR. As carcass weight increased, the conformation and fatness class increased. The BS carcasses (-U) had more than one subclass higher fleshiness than HF (+R) carcasses. Conformation of EAR carcasses (-R) was lower than in HF and BS carcasses. However, the fatness scores of HF and EAR carcasses (9.38 = +3) were 0.25 unit higher than in BS (9.63 = -2). The carcass quality was better in HF and BS than in EAR. Keywords: SEUROP classification, conformation, fleshiness, fatness, carcass grade Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 169-176 Volume: 49 Issue: 4 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/4296-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4296-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200404-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:49:y:2004:i:4:id:4296-CJAS