Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Forejtová Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Agriculture, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Lád Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Agriculture, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Třináctý Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Cattle Breeding, Ltd. Rapotín, Department Pohořelice, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Richter Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Cattle Breeding, Ltd. Rapotín, Department Pohořelice, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Gruber Author-Workplace-Name: Federal Research Institute for Agriculture in Alpine Regions, BAL Gumpenstein, Austria Author-Name: P. Doležal Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Homolka Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Pavelek Author-Workplace-Name: Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture, Opava, Czech Republic Title: Comparison of organic matter digestibility determined by in vivo and in vitro methods Abstract: A total of 36 samples of feed - 19 samples of hays and 17 samples of silages were used for estimation of in vivo and in vitro digestibility. The organic matter digestibility (OMD) was estimated by in vivo and two in vitro techniques (method of Tilley and Terry and two-stage pepsin-cellulase method (Pepcel)). The regression equations were calculated from the results obtained in the experiment. Tilley and Terry method provided consistent results of OMD estimation for both the groups of roughages: in vivo OMD = 14.7 + 0.782 × [Tilley and Terry] (n = 18; R2 = 0.76); in vivo OMD = 36.3 + 0.513 × [Tilley and Terry] (n = 16; R2 = 0.75) for hays and silages, respectively. Different accuracy was found out in Pepcel method: in vivo OMD = 37.0 + 0.478 × [Pepcel] (n = 19; R2 = 0.49); in vivo OMD = 37.8 + 0.484 × [Pepcel] (n = 17; R2 = 0.87) for hays and silages, respectively. Keywords: organic matter, digestibility, in vitro, in vivo, Tilley and Terry, pepsin-cellulase Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 47-53 Volume: 50 Issue: 2 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3994-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3994-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200502-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:50:y:2005:i:2:id:3994-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Djurdjević Author-Workplace-Name: Sinisa Stankovic Institute for Biological Research, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro Author-Name: M. Mitrović Author-Workplace-Name: Sinisa Stankovic Institute for Biological Research, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro Author-Name: P. Pavlović Author-Workplace-Name: Sinisa Stankovic Institute for Biological Research, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro Author-Name: S. Perišić Author-Workplace-Name: Sinisa Stankovic Institute for Biological Research, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro Author-Name: M. Mačukanović-Jocić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro Title: Total phenolics and phenolic acids content in low (Chrysopogon gryllus) and mediocre quality (Festuca vallesiaca) forage grasses of Deliblato Sands meadow-pasture communities in Serbia Abstract: Chrysopogon gryllus and Festuca vallesiaca are components of a number of meadow-pasture communities in Serbia. We performed the analyses of phenolics that influence quality and digestibility of grasses to a great extent. Total phenolics were measured spectrophotometrically and phenolic acids by HPLC analysis. The aboveground parts of C. gryllus contained 10.6 mg/g whereas F. vallesiaca of 21.6 mg/g total phenolics. Bound phenolics dominated over free ones in both species. The content of both free and bound p-coumaric, ferulic, p-hydroxybenzoic and syringic acid was higher in C. gryllus (6.34 mg/g) than in F. vallesiaca (3.96 mg/g). Derivatives of cinnamic acid prevailed in both species compared to the benzoic acid derivatives. Low quality of C. gryllus is connected with its high tissue phenolic acids and mediocre quality of F. vallesiaca with the high content of total phenolics that act unfavourably on digestibility of such grasses. Keywords: digestibility, feed quality, secondary plant products, cinnamic and benzoic acid derivatives Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 54-59 Volume: 50 Issue: 2 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3995-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3995-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200502-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:50:y:2005:i:2:id:3995-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Kamalak Author-Workplace-Name: Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Kahrmanmaras, Turkey Author-Name: O. Canbolat Author-Workplace-Name: Bursa Uludag University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Bursa, Turkey Author-Name: Y. Gurbuz Author-Workplace-Name: Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Kahrmanmaras, Turkey Author-Name: O. Ozay Author-Workplace-Name: Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Kahrmanmaras, Turkey Title: Comparison of in vitro gas production technique with in situ nylon bag technique to estimate dry matter degradation Abstract: Dry matter (DM) degradation of wheat straw (WS), barley straw (BS), lucerne hay (LH) and maize silage (MS) was determined using two different techniques: (i) in vitro gas production and (ii) nylon bag degradability technique. In vitro gas production and in situ DM disappearance were measured after 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours of incubation. In situ and in vitro DM degradation kinetics was described using the equation y = a + b (1 - ect). In all incubations there were significant (P < 0.001) correlations between gas production and in situ DM disappearance or estimated parameters ((a + b)gas and (a + b)is or (a + b)gas and EDMDis) whereas there were no significant (P > 0.05) correlations between cgas and cis or bgas and bis. Gas production from the insoluble fraction (b) alone explained 98.3% of the variation of EDMD. The inclusion of gas production from the quickly soluble fraction (a) and rate constant (c) of gas production in the regression equation improved the accuracy of EDMD prediction. The correlations between the results of both methodologies seem to be sufficiently strong to predict degradability parameters from gas production parameters. It was concluded that the in vitro gas production technique has good potentiality to predict in situ DM disappearance and some DM degradation parameters. Keywords: in vitro gas production, in situ dry matter degradability, forage Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 60-67 Volume: 50 Issue: 2 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3996-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3996-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200502-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:50:y:2005:i:2:id:3996-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Pintar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: M. Bujan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: B. Homen Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: K. Gazić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: M. Sikirić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Croatia Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Radiochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: T. Černy Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Croatia Title: Effects of supplemental phytase on the mineral content in tibia of broilers fed different cereal based diets Abstract: A 21-day experiment with day-old broilers was conducted in order to assess the effect of phytase supplementation to cereal-soybean meal based diets on the mineral content in tibia (Ca, P, Fe, Mg, Cd, Zn). Diets were formulated to contain 4 different cereals (maize, wheat, triticale and barley), 2 levels of dietary calcium (0.6 and 1.0%) and 3 levels of supplemental phytase (0, 500 and 1 000 PU/kg). Supplemental phytase increased the mineral levels in tibia. A statistically significant increase was observed for Fe (P < 0.024) and Mg (P < 0.024), but not for Ca, P, Cd and Zn contents in tibia. In the case of Fe and Mg contents significant cereal × phytase interactions were also observed (P < 0.036 and 0.002, respectively). Cereals influenced the contents of Fe (P < 0.0001), Mg (P < 0.0001), Cd (P < 0.0001) and Zn (P < 0.003) while dietary calcium levels affected only calcium content (P < 0.008). Keywords: maize, wheat, triticale, barley, phytase, mineral content in tibia, calcium, phosphorus, iron, magnesium, cadmium, zinc Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 68-73 Volume: 50 Issue: 2 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3997-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3997-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200502-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:50:y:2005:i:2:id:3997-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Sommer Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Vodňanský Author-Workplace-Name: Station of Ecology and Nutrition of Free-Ranging Game Nitra - RIAP, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: P. Petrikovič Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: R. Požgaj Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Influence of lucerne and meadow hay quality on the digestibility of nutrients in the roe deer Abstract: It was confirmed in metabolic experiments with 4 individuals of roe deer (2 males and 2 females with the live weight of 20.8 and 17.9 kg, respectively) that due to the animals' selective choice of a part of feeds there was no significant difference in the intake of lucerne hay of different quality and high-quality meadow hay (515.86 ± 66.97 and 597.82 ± 94.87 g, respectively). However, different quality of lucerne hay influenced the animals' intake of crude protein and crude fibre. When the animals were fed meadow hay, they took in significantly less crude protein and fibre and significantly more nitrogen-free extract, fat and ash. Digestibility of crude protein was observed to be significantly decreased in hay of lower quality (by 10.1%). Digestibility coefficients for crude protein, crude fibre, organic matter and fat were significantly lower in grass hay compared to lucerne hay. Based on the coefficients of nutrient digestibility it can be stated that meadow hay, even if of excellent quality, is not a suitable supplement for the roe deer. Keywords: roe deer, lucerne and meadow hay, feed intake, apparent digestibility of nutrients Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 74-80 Volume: 50 Issue: 2 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3998-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3998-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200502-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:50:y:2005:i:2:id:3998-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Sochor Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Agriculture and Food Inspection Authority, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Simeonovová Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Šubrt Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Buchar Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Effect of selected fattening performance and carcass value traits on textural properties of beef Abstract: Fifty-one crossbreed young bulls, progenies of Charolais (CH), Czech Pied (CP), Simmental (SI) and Blonde d'Aquitaine (BA) beef cattle bred at the paternal position crossed by Czech Pied at the maternal position, were reared in a typical production system and slaughtered at an average age of 578 days and live weight of 656 kg. The animals were evaluated for fattening performance and carcass quality traits (live weight at slaughter, age at slaughter, total weight gain, carcass weight, dressing percentage, net daily gain) and meat quality characteristics (dry matter, proteins, fat, ash, pH48, water holding capacity, remission, collagen, area of M. longissimus dorsi and cooking loss). Correlation coefficients were determined in order to discover which of the above-mentioned characteristics influenced textural properties measured by Warner-Bratzler (WB) shear device and compression test (TPA). It can be concluded from the overall assessment of the correlation coefficients that slaughter age (r = 0.68, P < 0.001), net daily gain (r = -0.54, P < 0.001), average lifetime daily gain (r = -0.50, P < 0.001) and pH48 (r = -0.51, P < 0.001) had the major influence on the textural properties measured by WB shears. Meat texture expressed by TPA was mainly influenced by live weight at slaughter (r = 0.55, P < 0.001), carcass weight (r = 0.50, P < 0.001) and pH48 (r = -0.54, P < 0.001). Significant differences (P < 0.001) were found out for the age at slaughter (CH × BA) and (CP × BA), slaughter weight (CP × SI) and (CP × BA) and carcass weight (CP × BA). At the same level of significance further differences were found out for pH48 and water holding capacity (CP × SI), (CP × BA) and cooking loss (CH × CP). Highly significant differences (P < 0.01) in the textural properties (measured by WB shears) were determined between the following breeds: (CH × BA) and (CP × BA). At the level of significance P < 0.05, the highest differences were identified between (CH × SI) and (CP × SI). TPA test showed statistically significant differences between (CH × CP), (CP × SI) breeds at the level P < 0.05. Keywords: bulls, fattening performance traits, meat quality, textural properties, Warner-Bratzler shears, compression test Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 81-88 Volume: 50 Issue: 2 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3999-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3999-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200502-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:50:y:2005:i:2:id:3999-CJAS