Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Čeřovský Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: S. Frydrychová Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Lustyková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Rozkot Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Title: Changes in boar semen with a high and low level of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa Abstract: The aim of the paper was to find out the level of changes in the sperm quality in two groups of boars in the insemination (A and B) with diametrically different contents of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa (AS) with an interval of 25 weeks between semen collection I and collection II. In the group A there were 22 boars with the AS content up to 10%, in the group B 16 of boars with the AS content above 40% in collection I. Both groups were comparable concerning the parameters of the performance test results and in quantitative parameters of the semen from collection I. They differed significantly in the AS content (P < 0.01) and in the age (P < 0.05). In collection II in both groups the semen volume increased significantly (A - P < 0.01; B - P < 0.05), in the group A the number of spermatozoa per ejaculate and per day also increased (P < 0.01). In the group B there was an insignificant clear decrease in the sperm concentration (P > 0.05). In comparison with the group B the group A can be characterized as a group with significantly higher dynamics in the sperm production per ejaculate. An opposite trend was noted in the total AS content. In the group A there was a significant increase (P < 0.001) and in the group B a significant decrease (P < 0.001) in collection II. In the group A there was a deterioration of the AS content in 7 boars (31.8%), in the group B an improvement in 7 boars (43.7%). Particular monitored AS forms are given. A significant difference in the total AS content between both groups was in favour of the group A (P< 0.001). While no boars from the group A exceeded the limit in the AS content for the applicability of semen for insemination (in theCzech Republic25%), in the group B they remained above this limit without applicability possibility. The detected variations and prevailing stability in the AS occurrence in boars kept in the same conditions lead us to a consideration of hereditary characteristics of the spermatogenesis factor, of considerable persistence of the level of monitored characteristics and to a consideration of applicability of the phenotype AS presentation to selection of boars for artificial insemination. Keywords: boars, semen quality, morphological analysis spermatozoa, different development Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 289-299 Volume: 50 Issue: 7 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4170-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4170-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200507-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:50:y:2005:i:7:id:4170-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Petrová Author-Workplace-Name: Grammar School, Říčany near Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Rajmon Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Agriculture, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Sedmíková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Agriculture, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Kuthanová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Agriculture, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Jílek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Agriculture, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Rozinek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Agriculture, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Improvement of developmental competence of aged porcine oocytes by means of the synergistic effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) Abstract: There is a constant increase in demand for large numbers of high-quality oocytes of domestic mammals for various reproductive biotechnologies. Prolonged in vitro culture represents one of the many possible ways of meeting this demand. However, oocytes further cultured in vitro after reaching the stage of metaphase II undergo the complex process called "ageing", which decreases the quality of oocytes. The aim of the present study was to improve the culture conditions for in vitro matured porcine oocytes by supplement of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) or the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in order to reduce the adverse effects of ageing. Supplement of either EGF or IGF-1 had no significant effect on the ageing of porcine oocytes. Significant effects were demonstrated when the oocytes were cultured with both EGF and IGF-1. A combination of 10 µg EGF/ml with 25 ng IGF-1/ml was the most effective. Oocytes aged under these conditions retained very good developmental competence. We observed development to the morula (21%) or blastocyst (25%) stage in oocytes aged for 1 day with EGF and IGF-1. Porcine oocytes matured in vitro are more resistant to the ageing when cultured in the presence of both EGF and IGF-1 and these conditions retain an elevated developmental competence for a certain time. Keywords: epidermal growth factor, insulin-like growth factor 1, oocyte, ageing, pig Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 300-310 Volume: 50 Issue: 7 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4171-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4171-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200507-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:50:y:2005:i:7:id:4171-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Komprda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Dvořák Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Fialová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Šustová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Pechová Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Fatty acid content in milk of dairy cows on a diet with high fat content derived from rapeseed Abstract: Two groups of dairy cows, Czech Red-pied × Ayrshire × Red Holstein crossbreds, received a diet with either production mixture with rapeseed, rapeseed cakes and rapeseed oil (Energol; E-group; final feed mixture with 62 g of crude fat per kg of dry matter, DM) or control production mixture (C-group; crude fat content in total feed mixture 37 g/kg DM). Milk samples were taken on the 14th, 30th, 60th and 90th day of lactation, and basic milk constituents and fatty acid content in milk fat were determined. E- and C-groups did not differ in either milk yield or yield of milk fat, milk protein and lactose (P > 0.05). Lactose, calcium, milk protein and casein content increased linearly (P < 0.05) with the increasing day of lactation both in E-milk and in C-milk. Casein content in E-milk was lower (P < 0.05) than in C-milk but total lipid content did not differ (P > 0.05) from that in C-milk. Dietary rapeseed decreased (P < 0.05) palmitic acid content in milk by 20 percentage units and at the same time increased (P < 0.05) oleic acid content by 10 percentage units in comparison with control milk; the ratio of total C16/total C18 fatty acids was consequently twice lower (P < 0.01) in E-milk. As far as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are concerned, the contents of linoleic acid (LA), α-linolenic acid (LNA) and eicosapentaenoic + docosahexaenoic acid were higher (P < 0.05) in E-milk; however, the PUFAn-6/PUFAn-3 ratio was not different between E- and C-milk. It was concluded that 1 litre of E-milk could provide 20% of both LA and LNA daily requirement. Keywords: nutritive value, oleic acid, polyunsaturated fatty acids Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 311-319 Volume: 50 Issue: 7 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4172-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4172-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200507-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:50:y:2005:i:7:id:4172-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Čerešňáková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: P. Fľak Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Poláčiková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Chrenková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: In sacco NDF degradability and mineral release from selected forages in the rumen Abstract: An in sacco technique was used to measure NDF degradability and release of Mg, Ca, Zn, Cu, Fe from six forages - lucerne hay from the 1st cut (LH1), from the 2nd cut (LH2), orchard grass (G), grass silage (GS), red clover silage treated with Feedtech (CSFT) and/or with Kofasil (CSKO). The forages differed in the content of NDF and minerals. There were large differences (P < 0.01) in element release in the rumen between experimental forages and the particular elements. The rate of release of elements was higher from LH1, LH2, CSFT,CSKO than from G and GS. The release of individual elements and NDF over all incubation times is very well expressed by cubic polynomials (R2> 0.9). Overall, across forages the release of mineral elements ranked as follows: Mg > Fe > Cu > Ca > Zn. The minimum and maximum disappeared portions of individual minerals from forages are as follows: Mg 74.7% from G and > 91.5% from LH1, Fe 29.7% from G and 99.9% from LH1 and LH2, Cu 64.3% from G and 99.8% from LH1 and LH2, Ca 28.4% from G and 75.4% from CSFT, Zn 12.0% from G and 38.2% from LH1, respectively. Calcium and zinc need a longer time for their maximum release. It can be concluded from the results of multiple regression analyses that only the Mg and Ca release is associated depending on NDF and time of observations, with a highly significant influence of forage on Zn and Cu. Keywords: forage, NDF, mineral element release, rumen, in saccometod Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 320-328 Volume: 50 Issue: 7 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4173-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4173-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200507-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:50:y:2005:i:7:id:4173-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Vlach Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Dušek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Švátora Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Moravec Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Growth analysis of chub, Leuciscus cephalus (L.), and dace, Leuciscus leuciscus (L.), in the Úpoř stream using growth data of recaptured marked fish Abstract: The length growth of chub and dace was observed. The scale method was used as well as data gained from recaptured individuals which were marked with visible elastomer tags and platinum wire tags with a coloured code placed under the first bony ray of the dorsal fin. The length-weight relationship for chub could be explained by the equation w = 0.00001.l 3.067 (r2 = 0.96). The average condition coefficient reached 1.49. The growth was balanced, gradually slowing down. Von Bertallanffy growth equation had the form Lt = 245.47(1 - e-0.206(t + 0.0333)). The average value of instantaneous monthly growth rate (Gm) ranged between 0.4 and 4.3 (in %). Mean Gm of particular age groups gradually decreased. Gm varied seasonally, annually and in different parts of the stream. The length-weight relationship for dace was w = 0.000009.13.0948 (r2 = 0.97). The mean condition coefficient reached the value of 1.11. The length growth was balanced, gradually decreasing. Von Bertallanffy equation had the form Lt = 216.28(1 - e-0.2536(t + 0.26094)). The instantaneous monthly growth rate ranged between -1.57 and 10.38 (in percentage). This indicator fluctuated according to the age, season and year. Keywords: chub, dace, growth, instantaneous growth rate Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 329-339 Volume: 50 Issue: 7 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/4174-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4174-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200507-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:50:y:2005:i:7:id:4174-CJAS