Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Czerneková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: T. Kott Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: G. Dudková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Sztankóová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Soldát Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Molecular Genetics, Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Title: Genetic diversity between seven Central European cattle breeds as revealed by microsatellite analysis Abstract: This study compares the genetic variation in seven cattle breeds from theterritory ofCentralEurope. Eleven polymorphic microsatellite loci were used to detect differences in the polymorphism of genetic markers in Czech Pied (Simmental), Slovakian Pied (Simmental), Slovakian Pinzgau,Holstein, Polish Red, German Red, and Czech Red breeds. For these loci, allele frequencies, heterozygosity, polymorphism information content, effective population size, and genetic distances were evaluated. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean and it showed that the Central European Red breeds tended to cluster together, whereas theHolstein was the most divergent from the remaining breeds. These data are discussed in the context of the known origin of respective breeds. Keywords: cattle breeds, gene resources, heterozygosity, microsatellites Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 1-7 Volume: 51 Issue: 1 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3902-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3902-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200601-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:51:y:2006:i:1:id:3902-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Demircan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey Author-Name: T. Binici Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Şanliurfa, Turkey Author-Name: H. Koknaroglu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey Author-Name: A.R. Aktas Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey Title: Economic analysis of different dairy farm sizes in Burdur province inTurkey Abstract: The purpose of this study was to analyze the economic structure of different dairy farm sizes in Burdur province in Turkey. Data were acquired by conducting a survey on 132 dairy farms selected by the stratified random sampling method. Dairy farms were divided into three groups according to their sizes and were analyzed accordingly. It was found that production cost decreased and profit increased as animal unit per farm increased. Production costs per animal unit for the first, second, and third group were 2 634.09, 2 252.01 and 1 930.52 YTL, respectively (1 USD = 1.42 YTL), whereas the net profit was -267.36, 25.95 and 405.99 YTL, respectively. When the average profit of all farms was considered, it was found that the profit was not high enough to sustain a farm household's living. In the study area the retail sale price of 1 kg of milk was 0.468 YTL and production cost of 1 kg milk was 0.455 YTL. Hence it could be said that the profit margin (0.013 YTL/kg), defined as the difference between these two prices, was small. It was found that besides milk production, the cattle value appreciation increased farm income. Keywords: dairy production, production cost, profit Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 8-17 Volume: 51 Issue: 1 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3903-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3903-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200601-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:51:y:2006:i:1:id:3903-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Pulkrábek Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Pavlík Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Vališ Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Vítek Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Title: Pig carcass quality in relation to carcass lean meat proportion Abstract: The objective of the study was to quantify differences in the carcass composition of pig carcasses with different lean meat proportions. Totally 132 carcasses with lean meat proportions ranging from 45 to 65% were analysed. The average lean meat proportion in the analysed set of carcasses was 55.38% (s = 4.319). The carcasses were classified into the groups according to their lean meat proportion (R, 45.0 to 49.9%; U, 50.0 to 54.9%; E, 55.0 to 59.9%; S, more than 60.0%). Carcasses from each group were cut into primal cuts and the main cuts (leg, loin, shoulder and belly with bones) were further separated into different tissues. Carcass value was markedly enhanced by the increasing carcass lean meat proportion. Average leg percentages in the groups R, U, E and S were 17.88% (s = 0.918), 19.32% (s = 0.889), 20.88% (s = 0.817) and 21.88% (s = 0.827), respectively. Average proportions of fat over leg expressed as percentages of leg weight in these groups were 5.82% (s = 0.402), 4.87% (s = 0.556), 4.05% (s = 0.479) and 3.21% (s = 0.321), respectively. Lean meat proportions of leg weight were improved from 84.93% (s = 1.136) in the group R to 88.12% (s = 0.986) in the group S. The most distinct differences were found in lean proportions of belly weight. The observed averages in the group R and S were 43.90% (s = 2.729) and 62.10% (s = 2.219), respectively. Actually, in carcasses with a high classification score the belly can be considered as a cut with the predominant muscle tissue. The results of the study proved the efficiency of carcass evaluation based on the lean meat proportion. Such a method can significantly contribute to the overall improvement of pig production. Keywords: pig, carcass, lean meat proportion, evaluation Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 18-23 Volume: 51 Issue: 1 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3904-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3904-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200601-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:51:y:2006:i:1:id:3904-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Bojčuková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Kostelec nad Orlicí Workplace, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Krátký Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Kostelec nad Orlicí Workplace, Czech Republic Title: Influence of various lysine and threonine levels in feed mixtures for lactating sows on milk quality and piglet growth Abstract: The quality of produced milk and piglet growth were investigated in three groups of lactating Large White sows fed three mixtures containing different levels of lysine, threonine and crude protein. Piglets were weighed immediately after delivery and then in weekly intervals. At the age of 21 days the litter weight was the highest in group B (67.96 kg; P < 0.05), i.e. in the group with the highest dietary content of amino acids. Milk from lactating sows was sampled and analysed. An increased level of dietary amino acids became evident in milk at the first milk sampling (i.e. three days after delivery), when the content of lysine and threonine in milk was significantly the highest in group B (lysine 11.96 g/16 g N; threonine 6.72 g/16 g N; P < 0.05). The level of amino acids in milk and the differences between groups diminished in the following samplings. The changes of crude protein in milk were similar. Keywords: amino acids, lysine, threonine, crude protein, lactating sow, milk, piglet growth Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 24-30 Volume: 51 Issue: 1 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3905-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3905-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200601-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:51:y:2006:i:1:id:3905-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Bogosavljevic-Boskovic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agronomy Cacak, Cacak, Serbia and Montenegro Author-Name: V. Kurcubic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agronomy Cacak, Cacak, Serbia and Montenegro Author-Name: M.D. Petrovic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agronomy Cacak, Cacak, Serbia and Montenegro Author-Name: V. Radovic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agronomy Cacak, Cacak, Serbia and Montenegro Title: The effect of sex and rearing system on carcass composition and cut yields of broiler chickens Abstract: The objective of this study is an analysis of meat quality in broilers of standard fast-growing hybrid Hybro G, reared in two different non-industrial systems (extensive rearing in a poultry house or "extensive indoor" system and rearing in a poultry house using a free range or "free-range" system). Quality parameters, i.e. proportions of basic carcass parts (breasts, drumsticks and thighs), abdominal fat, and proportions of basic tissues (muscles, bones and skin) in more valuable carcass parts, were investigated. The aim of the investigation was to analyse the effect of the two non-industrial rearing systems and broiler sex on the above-mentioned traits of broiler meat quality. The used rearing systems (free-range and extensive indoor ones) did not have a statistically significant effect on the proportions of major basic carcass parts and of abdominal fat in broiler chickens (P > 0.05). Heavier carcasses at slaughter (on the 56th day of fattening) were recorded in the male broilers compared to the female ones, the differences being statistically significant (P < 0.01). The drumstick proportion in the male broiler carcasses was statistically significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the proportion in the female broilers. The interaction between the investigated effects (of sex and rearing system) did not exert a statistically significant effect on the proportions of major basic carcass parts and abdominal fat in broiler chickens (P > 0.05). The rearing system (free-range and extensive indoor) and the interaction between the investigated effects (of sex and rearing system) did not affect statistically significantly the differences expressed in the meat, skin and bone proportions in breasts, drumsticks and thighs of the broilers (P > 0.05). The sex effect on the skin proportions in breasts, drumsticks and thighs was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Average muscle proportions in drumsticks and thighs of the female broilers were statistically highly significantly (P < 0.01) and significantly (P < 0.05) higher compared to those in the male broilers. Average bone proportions in the breasts of the male broilers were statistically significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those in the female ones, and statistically highly significantly higher (P < 0.01) in drumsticks and thighs. Keywords: broiler, fattening, rearing system, carcass composition Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 31-38 Volume: 51 Issue: 1 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3906-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3906-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200601-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:51:y:2006:i:1:id:3906-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Wierzbicki Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural University, Wroclaw, Poland Author-Name: W. Jagusiak Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural University, Krakow, Poland Title: Breeding value evaluation in Polish fur animals: Estimates of (co)variances due to direct and litter effects for fur coat and reproduction traits Abstract: 5 540 records of the arctic fox fur coat and reproductive traits collected in 1983-1999 were studied. The analyzed traits were: body size (BS), colour type (CT), colour purity (CP), coat density (CD), hair length (HL), general appearance (GA), total score (TS), skin length (SL), litter size at birth (LSB), litter size at weaning (LSW), number of dead pups (NPD), pup weight at weaning (PW), and pregnancy length (PL). (Co)variance components were estimated using a derivative-free algorithm of REML and a multi-trait animal model. Random effects were direct additive, common litter environment and residual. The genetic parameters for the fur coat traits (discrete characters) were estimated twice: using the original data set, and the data set in which the distribution of fur coat scores was normalised using a probit link function. Direct heritability estimates obtained from the original data set ranged from 0.108 for SL to 0.276 for HL, and were somewhat lower than those estimated using the transformed data set (they ranged from 0.109 for GA to 0.315 for CT). Reproductive traits were lowly heritable with direct heritabilities ranging from 0.060 for PW to 0.174 for LSB. Estimates of the portion of litter variation calculated from the original and transformed data set were comparable ranging from 0.045 for GA to 0.156 for CP, and from 0.059 for GA to 0.185 for TS, respectively. Genetic correlations between fur coat traits ranged from high favourable (0.948 between SL and BS, original data) to strong negative ones between CP and GA (-0.405, transformed data). High positive genetic correlations were found between LSB and LSW (0.954), and between LSB and NPD (0.783), whereas PL was negatively correlated with all other reproductive traits. Keywords: arctic fox, fur coat traits, genetic parameters, normal probability scale transformation, reproductive traits Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 39-46 Volume: 51 Issue: 1 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3907-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3907-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200601-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:51:y:2006:i:1:id:3907-CJAS