Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Zándoki Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cattle and Sheep Breeding, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Author-Name: J. Csapó Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Chemistry, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary Author-Name: Z. Csapó-Kiss Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Chemistry, Kaposvár University, Kaposvár, Hungary Author-Name: I. Tábori Author-Workplace-Name: Anna-farm, Jászdózsa, Hungary Author-Name: Z. Domokos Author-Workplace-Name: National Association of Hungarian Charolais Cattle Breeders, Miskolc, Hungary Author-Name: E. Szűcs Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cattle and Sheep Breeding, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Author-Name: J. Tőzsér Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cattle and Sheep Breeding, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Title: Change of amino acid profile in Charolais cows' colostrum and transient milk during the first week post partum Abstract: In this study the change in amino acid profile in cow's colostrum and transient milk during the first week after parturition was examined in a Hungarian Charolais herd. Experiments were carried out with n = 37 Charolais cows in the same herd in the spring (March-April) of two consecutive years (Experiment 1: 2002, n = 15; and Experiment 2: 2003, n = 22). Colostrum and milk samples were taken by hand milking immediately after delivery, and in 24, 48, 72, and 168 hours post partum. Amino acid contents (%) in samples were measured in milk protein with an automatic amino acid analyser. Data were processed by the software of SPSS.10 statistical program package. In the postpartal period, among essential amino acids significant increases were recorded in methionine, isoleucine, lysine, and phenylalanine, and among non-essential amino acids glutamic acid and proline increased significantly. Simultaneous decreases were recorded in valine, cysteine, aspartic acid, serine, glycine, and arginine. Inconsistent figures were determined for histidine, leucine, tyrosine, and alanine content between Experiment 1 and Experiment 2. Keywords: Charolais cows, colostrum, transient milk, amino acids Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 375-382 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3954-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3954-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200609-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:51:y:2006:i:9:id:3954-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Milerski Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Margetín Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Agricultural Research Authority, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: A. Čapistrák Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Agricultural Research Authority, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: D. Apolen Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Agricultural Research Authority, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Špánik Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Agricultural Research Authority, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Oravcová Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Agricultural Research Authority, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Relationships between external and internal udder measurements and the linear scores for udder morphology traits in dairy sheep Abstract: Udder morphology traits were measured and subjectively assessed by the use of linear scores in 266 ewes of Tsigai (T), Improved Walachian (IW) and Lacaune (LC) dairy breeds. Animals were recorded repeatedly within and between lactations, therefore 772 sets of measurements and linear scores were collected in total. Udder measurements included: udder length, udder width, rear udder depth, cistern depth, teat length, teat angle, sum of cistern cross-section areas scanned by the ultrasound technique from the side and from the bottom in a water bath. Linear scores were assessed for: udder depth, cistern depth, teat placement, teat length, udder attachment, udder cleft, and udder shape from the aspect of machine milking. Analysis of variance was conducted by the mixed procedure of SAS statistical package. The model included effects of experimental day, parity, days in milk, random effect of animal and residual error. Subsequently, correlations between random animal effects for udder measurements and linear scores were computed for individual examined breeds separately. Subjectively assessed linear scores for udder depth, cistern depth, teat position and teat size showed high correlations with actual measurements of the respective traits on udder in all examined breeds (rp = 0.65-0.80). Linear scores for cistern depth and teat position were highly correlated (rp = 0.84; 0.77 and 0.90 for T; IW and LC ewes), suggesting that they are nearly identical traits. Linear score for udder shape was significantly correlated with the linear score for udder attachment in all examined breeds (rp = 0.79; 0.80 and 0.78 for T; IW and LC). In T and IW assessments of the udder shape were also highly correlated with linear score for udder height (rp = 0.84 resp. rp = 0.79) while in LC this correlation was close to zero. In LC assessment of the udder shape was more dependent on teat position (rp = -0.37) and cistern depth (rp = -0.30). Keywords: Tsigai, Improved Walachian, Lacaune, ewe, mammary gland, cistern Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 383-390 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3955-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3955-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200609-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:51:y:2006:i:9:id:3955-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Koknaroglu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey Author-Name: A. Ali Author-Workplace-Name: Toronto Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Toronto, Canada Author-Name: D.G. Morrical Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA Author-Name: M.P. Hoffman Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA Title: Breeding for sustainability: Effect of breed on cultural energy expenditure of lamb production Abstract: Two-year data from terminal study conducted to evaluate post-weaning growth and carcass traits of Texel, Suffolk and Columbia sired offspring were used to evaluate the effect of breed on cultural energy expenditure of lamb production. Each year whiteface ewes (n = 82) composed of primarily Polypay × Dorset ewes were exposed to Texel, Suffolk or Columbia rams for 35 days in the breeding season. The ewes were wintered outdoors on average-quality lucerne hay according to NRC (1985) requirements and were not provided any concentrate during late gestation or lactation. A total of 279 lambs were born with an average of 1.7 lambs per ewe and weaned lambs were used in the study. The lambs were weaned on average at 70 days of age and lambs from each sire breed were placed either in feedlot or on pasture. Texel and Suffolk sired lambs had higher weaning weight than Columbia sired lambs (P < 0.01). Lambs in the feedlot were fed shelled maize and pelleted protein supplement. Lambs on pasture grazed for 63 days and received 455 g concentrate daily and later they were placed in the feedlot. For the cultural energy analysis, pasture establishment and maintenance, feed in feedlot and on pasture, transportation, labour, machinery, electricity and other inputs were calculated and corresponding values for each input were obtained from literature. It was assumed for the analysis that 20 percent of ewes were culled and lambs sold after weaning were included in the analysis. Texel and Columbia breeds had a higher energy input per kg live weight than Suffolk breed (P < 0.04). There was no difference between breeds in terms of energy input per kg carcass (P > 0.4). Suffolk breed had a lower cultural energy ratio for the protein energy output than Columbia and Texel breed (P < 0.02). Energy output ratio defined as kjoule input/kjoule output was better for Suffolk breed and it was different from that of Columbia and Texel breed (P < 0.03). Keywords: cultural energy, sustainability, breed, sheep, Texel, Columbia, Suffolk Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 391-399 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3956-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3956-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200609-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:51:y:2006:i:9:id:3956-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Wierzchos Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice/Kraków, Poland Title: Parthenogenetic development of rabbit oocytes after electrical stimulation Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of electric pulses on the structural and functional condition of rabbit oocytes. The New Zealand White female rabbits at 3-5 months of age and at 3-4 kg body weight served as oocyte donors. Oocytes after flushing from the oviducts were placed between two electrodes in an electroporation chamber which was filled with a dielectric solution. Following a short incubation in B2 medium, oocytes were subjected to an electric pulse released by an electrical pulse generator. Oocytes were then incubated in 500 µl of B2 medium supplemented with 20% foetal calf serum (FCS) at 38°C in an atmosphere of 5% CO2 in air. Oocytes were cultured until the morula/blastocyst stage (approx. 72 h). The experiment was conducted using 430 oocytes obtained post mortem. In vitro cultured oocytes not subjected to an electric pulse were the control. Each group was subdivided into replications according to electric current intensity. The analysis of experimental variants shows that in the first variant all embryos developed to the morula stage but only 10% of them continued to develop to the blastocyst stage. In the second variant we observed that 5-10% of oocytes developed to the blastocyst stage after treatment with 2.0 and 2.5 kV/cm pulse but in the group of 1.0 kV/cm pulse 35% of oocytes developed only to the 2-12 b stage. In the third variant only 1 oocyte (5%) continued to develop to the blastocyst stage, but in the fourth variant oocyte development stopped at the morula stage. In the fifth variant, called an "extreme" one, oocytes stopped to develop at the stage of 2-12 b (about 25%) and the percentage of degenerated oocytes dramatically increased (about 60%). Keywords: rabbit oocytes, electric pulses, in vitro culture Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 400-405 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3957-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3957-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200609-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:51:y:2006:i:9:id:3957-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Michalik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Commodity Science and Animal Improvement, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: A. Lewczuk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Commodity Science and Animal Improvement, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: E. Wilkiewicz-Wawro Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Commodity Science and Animal Improvement, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: W. Brzozowski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Commodity Science and Animal Improvement, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Title: Prediction of the meat content of the carcass and valuable carcass parts in French lop rabbits using some traits measured in vivo and post mortem Abstract: The experiment was performed on 60 French lop rabbits raised under extensive conditions and sacrificed at body weight of about 3 kg. It was found that the best indicators of meat weight (g) in rabbit carcasses were body weight, head width and lower thigh length among the traits measured in vivo, and carcass weight, chest girth and thigh circumference among the traits measured post mortem. In vivo prediction of saddle meatiness may be based on body weight, trunk length and thigh length, whereas post-slaughter estimation - on carcass weight, hip circumference and thigh circumference. Total meat weight in the hind half of the carcass may be predicted in vivo on the basis of body weight, head width and lower thigh length, and post mortem - on the basis of carcass weight, chest girth, hip circumference, thigh circumference and pelvic width. Multiple regression equations for meat weight estimation in the whole carcass and its middle and hind part were derived in the study. These equations may be applied in selection work directed towards an improvement in carcass meatiness. They may also be used to evaluate the results of experiments conducted on French lops. Keywords: rabbits, meat performance, coefficients of correlation, regression equations Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 406-415 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3958-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3958-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200609-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:51:y:2006:i:9:id:3958-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Christodoulou Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Foundation (N.AG.RE.F.), Giannitsa, Greece Author-Name: V.A. Bampidis Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Foundation (N.AG.RE.F.), Giannitsa, Greece Author-Name: B. Hučko Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Czech University of Agriculture, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Mudřik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Czech University of Agriculture, Prague, Czech Republic Title: The use of extruded chickpeas in diets of broiler turkeys Abstract: In an experiment with 200 one-day-old broiler turkeys, the effect of partial and total replacement of soybean meal with chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) on productivity and meat composition was determined. In the 12-week experiment, turkeys were allocated to five dietary treatments: ECKP0, ECKP200, ECKP400, ECKP600 and ECKP800 of 40 birds each, and received a diet ad libitum. The diet for ECKP0 treatment contained no chickpeas (control), while those for treatments ECKP200, ECKP400 ECKP600 and ECKP800 included 200, 400, 600 and 800 kg/t of wet extruded (at 120°C for 20 s) chickpeas, respectively. Replacement of soybean meal with extruded chickpeas, at inclusion levels up to 200 kg/t of diet, resulted in similar productive performance. At the end of the experiment, the body weight (BW) and the feed conversion ratio for ECKP0 treatment were 7 782 g and 2.46 g of daily feed consumption per g of BW gain, respectively. However, the replacement of soybean meal with extruded chickpeas at higher inclusion levels (400, 600 and 800 kg/t of diet) decreased body weight by 7.7% (P < 0.05) and increased feed conversion ratio by 14.9% (P < 0.05) compared to the control. Moreover, carcass yield traits were not affected (P > 0.05) by feeding diets with increasing levels of extruded chickpeas. Thus, extruded chickpeas can be used as an alternative protein source to replace soybean meal in broiler turkey diets, at inclusion levels up to 200 kg/t. Keywords: extruded chickpeas, broiler turkeys, performance, carcass characteristics Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 416-423 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3959-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3959-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200609-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:51:y:2006:i:9:id:3959-CJAS