Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Tančin Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Centre of Agricultural Research, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Uhrinčať Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Centre of Agricultural Research, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: L. Mačuhová Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Centre of Agricultural Research, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: R.M. Bruckmaier Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Physiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Switzerland Title: Effect of pre-stimulation on milk flow pattern and distribution of milk constituents at a quarter level Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate milk flow patterns and milk composition in relation to pre-milking udder stimulation. The milk of one quarter of each of the sixteen cows was removed separately and in the course of milking it was divided into six fractions (P cisternal milk during milking without stimulation and the first 300 ml during milking with pre-stimulation, 0-25%, 25-50%, 50-75%, 75-100%, 75-100%, MS-machine stripping) and into five portions (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, 100% + MS). Two milkings were performed during two consecutive evening milkings with or without manual stimulation. Pre-stimulation resulted in a reduction of milking time, duration of the increase and decline phase of milk flow, stripping yield, but it increased the peak flow rate as compared to milking without pre-stimulation (P < 0.05). In both fractions and portions the content of fat increased steadily during milking and reached a maximum at MS. Lactose increased from P to 50-75% and then it decreased to MS. Significantly higher fat contents at 25% and 50% portions and in both protein and dry matter at 25% portions were found during milking with pre-stimulation as compared to no stimulation (P < 0.05). The content of fat, protein and dry matter were also higher in both P and 0-25% fractions for milking with pre-stimulation (P < 0.05). Pre-stimulation positively influenced the parameters of milk flow and therefore the efficiency of milk removal and contributed to better distribution of components in milk fractions during milking. Keywords: dairy cows, milking, stimulation, quarter, milk flow, milk constituents Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 117-121 Volume: 52 Issue: 5 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2234-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2234-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200705-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:52:y:2007:i:5:id:2234-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Bahelka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Breeding, Slovak Agricultural Research Centre - Research Institute of Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: E. Hanusová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Breeding, Slovak Agricultural Research Centre - Research Institute of Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: D. Peškovičová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Breeding, Slovak Agricultural Research Centre - Research Institute of Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: P. Demo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Breeding, Slovak Agricultural Research Centre - Research Institute of Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: The effect of sex and slaughter weight on intramuscular fat content and its relationship to carcass traits of pigs Abstract: Carcass quality and intramuscular fat content of castrates and gilts are compared and a possible dependence of intramuscular fat content on sex and slaughter weight is determined in the pig population of the Slovak Republic. A total of 129 pigs of three different genotypes were included in the experiment. After slaughter, the carcasses were weighed and backfat thickness was measured. On the next day, carcass dissection described by Walstra and Merkus (1995) was determined. Four prime cuts (shoulder, loin, ham and belly) were further dissected to meat, bones and fat with skin. Intramuscular fat content was analysed in a laboratory from the samples (100 g) of musculus longissimus dorsi. The results were statistically analysed using SAS/STAT and a linear model was used to find the dependence of intramuscular fat content. Correlation coefficients between carcass traits and intramuscular fat were also calculated. Sex of pigs, and particularly weight of lean meat and weight of fatty parts had a significant effect on intramuscular fat content (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0022) while no effect of the genotype and slaughter weight was observed. Significant differences between castrates and gilts were found in almost all observed traits, e.g. average backfat thickness (29.01 vs. 25.56 mm), percentage of meat (52.77 vs. 57.68%), intramuscular fat content (2.49 vs. 2.00%). Generally, the intramuscular fat in the pig population is not sufficient (2.25%), therefore it would be desirable to include this trait in selection strategies in pig breeding. Keywords: pig, carcass, intramuscular fat, sex, slaughter weight, correlations Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 122-129 Volume: 52 Issue: 5 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2233-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2233-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200705-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:52:y:2007:i:5:id:2233-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Margeta Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: G. Kralik Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: G. Kušec Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: U. Baulain Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Animal Science Mariensee, Federal Agricultural Research Centre, Neustadt, Germany Title: Lean and fat development in the whole body and hams of hybrid pigs studied by magnetic resonance tomography Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of MHS-genotype and feeding regime on the growth and development of muscle and fatty tissue in the whole body as well as in hams of hybrid pigs. The experiment was carried out on 72 barrows that were divided into 4 groups regarding the MHS-genotype (NN and Nn) and feeding regime (standard and intensive). Data necessary to determine the volume of examined tissues were obtained by means of magnetic resonance tomography. During the fattening period there were no statistically significant differences between pig groups with respect to total lean content of the body although the feeding regime effect in the finishing fattening phase was on the margin of statistical significance (P = 0.057). Differences between investigated groups with respect to the lean content in hams were not significant either. Results of this research lead to a conclusion that different feeding regimes and MHS genetic status of pigs do not have a significant influence on the growth of muscle and fatty tissue in hams. Keywords: BHZP, MHS genotype, tissue growth, feeding regime Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 130-137 Volume: 52 Issue: 5 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2230-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2230-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200705-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:52:y:2007:i:5:id:2230-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: X.Y. Lan Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Shaanxi, China Author-Name: C.Y. Pan Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Shaanxi, China Author-Name: H. Chen Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Shaanxi, China Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Normal University, Xuzhou, China Author-Name: C.L. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Shaanxi, China Author-Name: A.L. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Shaanxi, China Author-Name: L. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Shaanxi, China Author-Name: J.Y. LI Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Shaanxi, China Author-Name: C.Z. Lei Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Shaanxi, China Title: An MspI PCR-RFLP detecting a single nucleotide polymorphism at alpha-lactalbumin gene in goat Abstract: Alpha-lactalbumin (α-LA, LALBA) was strongly correlated with the nutritional value and the functional properties of whey and whey products. However, there are not many studies of goat LALBA gene and its polymorphisms in literary sources. In this paper, on the basis of PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing, one M63868:g.1897T>C mutation in exon 3 at LALBA locus identified a Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP): p.L100P of the LALBA protein, which could be detected by MspI endonuclease. Hence, we described a method based on MspI PCR-RFLP for SNP detection at the LALBA locus in 801 goats of China. Frequencies of goat LALBA-A2 allele varied from 0.000 to 0.024 in Chinese populations. Gene heterozygosity, effective allele numbers and PIC (Polymorphism Information Content) of goat LALBA locus in Chinese populations varied from 0.000 to 0.0472, 1.000 to 1.0496, 0.000 to 0.0461, respectively, which were lower values than in Italian populations. Therefore, we considered that the low frequency of LALBA-A2 allele at goat LALBA gene possibly characterized Chinese native breeds. Moreover, Chinese native populations demonstrated poorer polymorphism at goat LALBA locus than Italian populations. Keywords: goat, alpha-lactalbumin (LALBA) gene, polymorphism, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP), PCR-RFLP Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 138-142 Volume: 52 Issue: 5 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2231-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2231-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200705-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:52:y:2007:i:5:id:2231-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Křížková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: O. Zítka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Adam Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Beklová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Horna Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Engineering and Chemistry, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University, Zlin, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Svobodová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Vodnany, Czech Republic Author-Name: B. Sures Author-Workplace-Name: Universität Duisburg-Essen, Angewande Zoologie/Hydrobiologie, Essen, Germany Author-Name: L. Trnková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Zeman Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Kizek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Possibilities of electrochemical techniques in metallothionein and lead detection in fish tissues Abstract: In the present paper, we report on the use of adsorptive transfer stripping technique in connection with chronopotentiometric stripping analysis for metallothionein determination and of differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry for lead detection in tissues of wild perch (Perca fluviatilis, n = 6) from the Svratka River in Brno, Czech Republic. Primarily, we determined the content of MT in tissues (muscles, gonads, liver and spleen) of perch. We measured the highest content of MT in spleen and liver (100-350 ng MT per gram of fresh weight). We assume that the content of MT determined in perch tissues is probably related with the age of the fish and, therefore, with their exposition to heavy metals naturally occurring in the Svratka River. We detected a lead concentration in the tissues of one perch. It clearly follows from the results that the content of MT well correlates with the concentration of lead. Keywords: electrochemical detection, catalytic signal, peak H, heavy metals, fish, environmental pollution Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 143-148 Volume: 52 Issue: 5 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2232-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2232-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200705-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:52:y:2007:i:5:id:2232-CJAS