Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Přibyl Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Krejčová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Přibylova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Misztal Author-Workplace-Name: University of Georgia, Athens, USA Author-Name: S. Tsuruta Author-Workplace-Name: University of Georgia, Athens, USA Author-Name: N. Mielenz Author-Workplace-Name: University of Halle-Wittenberg, Germany Title: Models for evaluation of growth of performance tested bulls Abstract: Before being used for insemination, young bulls of Czech Fleckvieh (CF) are tested for growth at performance-test stations. While at stations, the bulls are weighed monthly. Evaluation included 7 448 bulls with 82 676 records of weight measured from 6 to 520 days of life. In the station-year-period (HYS), which can be prolonged up to 3 months, different groups were tested according to the beginning of growth curve and according to test-days of weighing. Weight analyses were used to handle heterogeneous variability based on age. Legendre Polynomials (LP) with 5 parameters described the average growth curve for HYS classes. Deviations from average curves were decomposed into genetic (G), animal's permanent environment (PE) and residual (RES) components. Functions of (G) and (PE) were tested using LP random regression (RR) methodology with 5 or 3 parameters and Linear Spline (SP) function with 5 knots. Variance increases with the age of the animals. From 100 to 400 days, heritability was nearly the same with a mild depression in the middle of the period. The average was h2 = 0.31 and ended with h2 = 0.36. Results were similar for variance components, heritability, genetic, environmental and phenotype correlations from different models with different LP and SP functions. Higher RES variability occurred only for LP with 3 parameters. For traits like live weight, the RR should have at least 3 parameters and SP function should be used. Keywords: cattle, random regression, heritability, statistical model, growth curve, bulls Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 45-54 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/331-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/331-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200802-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:53:y:2008:i:2:id:331-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Kuchtík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Breeding, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Šustová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: T. Urban Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Zapletal Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Animal Husbandry and Animal Hygiene, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Effect of the stage of lactation on milk composition, its properties and the quality of rennet curdling in East Friesian ewes Abstract: The evaluation of the effect of the stage of lactation on milk composition, its properties and the quality of rennet curdling was carried out over the period of three successive years using milk samples (n = 162) obtained from a total of 27 ewes of the East Friesian (EF) breed, reared on a small sheep farm in Juřinka in the region of Wallachia. The stage of lactation had a highly significant effect on the contents of all milk components. However, only the contents of total solids (TS), solids non-fat (SNF), fat (F), protein (P) and casein (CN) gradually increased with the advancement of lactation. The stage of lactation also had a highly significant effect both on all the properties of milk and the rennet curdling quality (RCQ). All phenotypic correlations between the particular contents of TS, SNF, F, P, CN and urea nitrogen (UN) were positive and high (P ≤ 0.001). On the other hand, all phenotypic correlations between milk yield and particular contents of TS, SNF, F, P, CN and UN were negative and high (P ≤ 0.001). The majority of phenotypic correlations between rennet clotting time (RCT) and the other particular parameters was insignificant. However, the phenotypic correlations between lactose (L) and RCT and between pH and RCT were positive and high (P ≤ 0.001) whereas the phenotypic correlation between titratable acidity (TA) and RCT was negative and high (P ≤ 0.001). The majority of phenotypic correlations between the rennet curdling quality (RCQ) and the other particular parameters was insignificant. Nevertheless, the phenotypic correlations between pH and RCQ and between RCT and RCQ were positive and high (P ≤ 0.001) whereas the phenotypic correlation between TA and RCQ was negative and high (P ≤ 0.001). Keywords: stage of lactation, ewe, milk composition, milk properties, quality of rennet curdling, East Friesian Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 55-63 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/333-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/333-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200802-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:53:y:2008:i:2:id:333-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Hering Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Moravia Breeders Corporation, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: O. Hanuš Author-Workplace-Name: Agroresearch Rapotín, Rapotín, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Frelich Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Special Livestock Breeding, Agricultural Faculty, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Pytloun Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Moravia Breeders Corporation, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Macek Author-Workplace-Name: Agroresearch Rapotín, Rapotín, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Janů Author-Workplace-Name: Agroresearch Rapotín, Rapotín, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Kopecký Author-Workplace-Name: Agroresearch Rapotín, Rapotín, Czech Republic Title: Relationships between the results of various methods of urea analysis in native and enriched milk Abstract: Milk urea concentration (MUC) is a suitable indicator of the health and nutrition state of dairy cows. MUC is in relation to their reproduction performance, longevity and technological milk indicators. The interpretation correctness of results depends on their reliability. There are a lot of principles of MUC analyses. Their results can be affected by a number of interferential factors. Disproportions were noticed in practice. Therefore the sources of variation in results are studied. The goal of this study was to investigate relationships between different methods of MUC determination with the use of standard samples of native milk with an artificial urea addition. After evaluation I (n = 7) the results of methods BI-1 and BI-2 (photometrical ones with diacetylmonoxime) were disqualified because of poor recovery (R), poor correlation (C) with other methods, higher random error (RER) and highest systematic error (SE). Evaluation II is more effective with stricter discrimination limits. Cs of all methods mutually (0.977 up to 0.998; P < 0.001) confirmed the methods as effective with the exception of BI-2 with poor Cs (0.713 up to 0.774), poor R (16.0 up to 69.0%) and high RER ±5.292 mg/100 ml. R of better methods was 44.0 up to 96.7%. The BI-1 method had good Cs (0.986 up to 0.994; P < 0.001), higher SE -7.546 mg/100 ml and poorer R (48.5 up to 75.3%). BI-1 method was a case of mistaken performance. BI method could be improved by the use of more samples in calibration. FT-MIR method (infra-analysis) has good addition R 69.5 up to 95.0% and Cs 0.981 up to 0.994 (P < 0.001). EH method (photometrical one with Ehrlich's agent) has good R 59.0 up to 96.7%, higher SE 4.755 (I) and 2.556 (II) mg/100 ml and close Cs 0.977 up to 0.994 (P < 0.001). UR method (ureolytical difference-conductometric) showed the best combination of results about R, C, SE and RER. MUC measurement was almost independent of fat in milk (r = 0.16 for UR and 0.01 for FT-MIR; P > 0.05) and MUC of both the methods did not increase significantly with lactose increase ((r= 0.16 and 0.27; P > 0.05), which increased logically ((r = -0.88; P < 0.001) during the fat concentration increase. The relationship of MUC results between UR and FT-MIR was significant (validation (r = 0.96; P < 0.001) at average difference -0.93 ± 1.663 mg/100 ml. It is possible to see the result reliability as good after calibration performance of FT-MIR according to results of UR. It is not necessary to see the effects of fat, protein and lactose on MUC methods as substantial. FT-MIR method for MUC has good result reliability at the use of native milk samples, incidentally with urea additions. It is suitable to calibrate the FT-MIR method according to specific determination of MUC (UR). However, the most important for elimination of disproportions is the calibration method with concrete audited R, though nonspecific. Keywords: cow, milk, urea, analytical methods, result reliability, recovery, correlation Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 64-76 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/332-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/332-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200802-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:53:y:2008:i:2:id:332-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Lichovníková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Poultry Breeding, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Zeman Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Poultry Breeding, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Jandásek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Poultry Breeding, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic Title: The effect of feeding untreated rapeseed and iodine supplement on egg quality Abstract: The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of the feeding of 80 g/kg (R8) and 100 g/kg (R10) of untreated rapeseed (RS) on egg quality including sensory quality in comparison with a control diet without rapeseed (R0). The addition of iodine (I) was also evaluated (1 mg/kg (R10) vs. 3 mg/kg (R10+I)). "Double zero" RS was used. The contents of energy and crude protein were almost the same in the diets. Laying hybrid ISABROWN was used in the experiment. The quality of eggs was analyzed 11 times every 28 days, from 19 to 64 weeks of age. 30 eggs per each group were always analyzed. Boiled eggs were assessed twice around the peak of egg production. Egg weight decreased (P < 0.001) with the increased level of RS (62.9 g, 61.8 g and 60.7 g, respectively). A reduction in egg weight in R8 and R10 diets resulted in the lower weight of albumen and eggshells. The addition of I to R10 diet increased (P < 0.001) egg weight (62.1 g vs. 60.7 g). The yolk proportion in egg weight was the highest (26.0%, P < 0.001) and the albumen weight ratio was the lowest (64.2%, P < 0.001) in group R8. Iodine supplementation improved (P < 0.001) yolk weight (15.7 g vs. 15.3 g). The proportion of RS in the diet did not affect the eggshell strength. An increase in the level of I improved (P < 0.001) eggshell quality (strength 36.1 N vs. 34.0 N and thickness 0.386 mm vs. 0.363 mm). Taste and overall acceptability were lower (P < 0.05) in eggs of hens fed RS. The addition of I did not affect flavour, odour, taste or overall acceptability. Keywords: laying hens, sinapine, eggshell, taste Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 77-82 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/330-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/330-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200802-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:53:y:2008:i:2:id:330-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Vučemilo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Hygiene, Environment and Ethology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: K. Matković Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Hygiene, Environment and Ethology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: B. Vinković Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Zoohygiene and Livestock Technology, Croatian Veterinary Institute, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: J. Macan Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: V.M. Varnai Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: Lj. Prester Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: K. Granić Author-Workplace-Name: ZIN-LAB Laboratory for Foodstuffs of Animal Origin, Veterinary Station of Zagreb City, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: T. Orct Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia Title: Effect of microclimate on the airborne dust and endotoxin concentration in a broiler house Abstract: Poultry farming is considered to be a notable source of bioaerosols. They can be a risk factor from the aspect of some diseases and for the environment. A study was conducted to assess the effect of microclimate on the level of airborne dust and endotoxins in an intensive broiler fattening facility. The content of airborne dust, endotoxins, air temperature, relative humidity, airflow velocity, ammonia and carbon dioxide were determined. The study was conducted in a poultry house accommodating 22 000 broilers of Ross-308 breed. The measured temperature in the broiler house ranged from 22.02°C to 31.05°C, relative humidity from 49.55% to 65.45%, and airflow velocity from 0.07 m/s to 0.09 m/s. The air concentration of dust ranged from 2.0 mg/m3 at the end of fattening period to 4.9 mg/m3 in the mid-fattening period, and endotoxins from 6.21 EU/m3 in the second study week to 99.40 EU/m3 at the end of fattening period. The air concentration of ammonia ranged from 5.17 ppm at the beginning to 25.49 ppm at the end of fattening period. Air concentrations of dust and endotoxins recorded in this poultry house varied during the fattening period and depended on relative humidity and temperature as demonstrated by multiple regression at the level of P ≤ 0.05. Keywords: broilers, dust, endotoxins, ammonia, carbon dioxide Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 83-89 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/329-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/329-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200802-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:53:y:2008:i:2:id:329-CJAS