Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Vostrý Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Přibyl Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Jakubec Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Veselá Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Majzlík Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Selection of a suitable definition of environment for the estimation of genotype × environment interaction in the weaning weight of beef cattle Abstract: Genotype by environment interactions for weaning weight in beef cattle were tested using several definitions of environments. Four breeds of beef cattle (Hereford, Aberdeen Angus, Beef Simmental, and Charolais) were represented. The environments were defined according to five criteria: altitude, production areas, economic value of the land, less favourable areas, and performance levels of a breed within herds. Ten mixed models were compared including the effects of direct and maternal genetics, herd-year-season, maternal permanent environmental, breed, environment, genotype × environment interaction, sex of calf, and age of dam. The suitability of the models was tested by Akaike's Information Criterion, likelihood ratio test, and magnitude of the residual variance. The most suitable definitions of environment were less favoured areas and herd levels of performance. Estimates of direct heritability ranged from 0.07 to 0.19. Genotype × environment interactions should be included in a genetic evaluation model for interbreed comparisons of beef cattle in the Czech Republic. Keywords: environment, beef cattle, genetic parameters, REML, maximum likelihood Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 407-417 Volume: 53 Issue: 10 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/351-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/351-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200810-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:53:y:2008:i:10:id:351-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Zralý Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: B. Písaříková Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Trčková Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Doležal Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Thiemel Author-Workplace-Name: Farma Stonava, Stonava, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Simeonovová Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Jůzl Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Replacement of soya in pig diets with white lupine cv. Butan Abstract: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of soya replacement (50 or 100%) with whole (WL) or dehulled seeds (DL) of white lupine cv. Butan in the diets for market pigs. The experiment was performed on 50 pigs in equal numbers of barrows and gilts with the initial mean body weight (BW) of 18.3 ± 2.1 kg, fed isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets for 100 days. In the experimental starter pigs (18 to 35 kg BW), the mean daily body weight gain (BWG) was 0.61 to 0.64 kg and was insignificantly lower by 1.5 to 6.2% in comparison with the pigs fed the control soya diet (SBM). The diet intake was also lower by 5.4 to 6.8% and could result from a higher content of crude fibre. In the grower and finisher diets, no side effect of high lupine levels on the feed intake was evident. The intake of DL diets was higher in comparison with the soya diet. The feed efficiency of the finisher diets was insignificantly higher (P > 0.05) for experimental diets (WL 50, WL 100, DL 100) in contrast to the control diet. The differences among diets containing WL or DL seeds were insignificant. During the experiment, no adverse effect of lupine on the health of pigs was observed and no significant differences in the parameters of market pig meat, nutrition quality of meat and sensory analysis were detected. The inclusion of lupine in diets resulted in a significantly lower n-6/n-3 ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (P < 0.01) in meat lipids (5.15 to 5.33) in comparison with soya (8.75). It follows from the obtained results that the tested lupine variety seeds are a source of high-quality protein that can be an alternative to soya in the diets for market pigs. Keywords: Lupinus albus, whole seeds, dehulling, performance, pork, fatty acid profile, sensory properties Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 418-430 Volume: 53 Issue: 10 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/353-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/353-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200810-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:53:y:2008:i:10:id:353-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Ševčíková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Skřivan Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: G. Dlouhá Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Title: The effect of lycopene supplementation on lipid profile and meat quality of broiler chickens Abstract: An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of lycopene on lipid profile and quality of meat of broiler chickens Ross 308 at a different form of selenium. 540 broiler cockerels were randomly divided into 6 groups: without lycopene supplement (groups C and E3), supplemented with 50 mg/kg lycopene (groups E1 and E4), supplemented with 100 mg/kg lycopene (groups E2 and E5) while the source of selenium was sodium selenite (groups C, E1, E2) and Se-enriched yeast (groups E3, E4, E5). The experimental period was from 14 to 35 days of broiler age and was terminated by slaughter. The organic form of dietary selenium increased (P ≤ 0.05) its content in breast meat (E3 - 174.2 μg/kg, E4 - 186.4 μg/kg, E5 - 191.9 μg/kg) compared to selenite (C - 125.4 μg/kg, E1 - 123.3 μg/kg, E2 - 128.5 μg/kg). The shear force of meat was higher (P ≤ 0.05) in groups receiving the organic form of Se (E3 - 0.026 kN, E4 - 0.025 kN, E5 - 0.024 kN) in comparison with group C (0.017 kN), E1 (0.016 kN) and E2 (0.014 kN). Se in Se-enriched yeast reduced (P ≤ 0.05) the concentration of malondialdehyde in breast meat after 5 days of storage. There were no significant differences in concentrations of cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and lipase in plasma. The higher content of HDL cholesterol in plasma was recorded in groups supplemented with 50 mg of lycopene, followed by groups with 100 mg of lycopene and the lowest values were measured in groups without lycopene supplementation when the difference between group E1 (1.64 mmol/l) and E3 (1.51 mmol/l) was significant (P ≤ 0.05). Concentrations of LDL cholesterol showed an opposite trend. The lycopene supplement had a positive effect on the lipid profile of blood plasma of broiler chickens. Keywords: broiler cockerels, selenium, lycopene, quality of meat Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 431-440 Volume: 53 Issue: 10 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/350-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/350-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200810-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:53:y:2008:i:10:id:350-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K.K. Lefler Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fish Culture, Institute of Environmental and Landscape Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Author-Name: Á. Hegyi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fish Culture, Institute of Environmental and Landscape Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Author-Name: F. Baska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Author-Name: J. Gál Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Author-Name: Á. Horváth Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fish Culture, Institute of Environmental and Landscape Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Author-Name: B. Urbányi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fish Culture, Institute of Environmental and Landscape Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Author-Name: T. Szabó Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fish Culture, Institute of Environmental and Landscape Management, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Title: Comparison of ovarian cycles of Hungarian riverine fish species representing different spawning strategies 441 Abstract: Investigations on the ovarian cycle of fish species that inhabit Hungarian rivers are necessitated by both environmental and economic reasons. The objective of our research was to explore new fundamental knowledge concerning the ovarian cycle of the white bream (Blicca bjoerkna, Linnaeus, 1758), barbel (Barbus barbus, Linnaeus, 1758), orfe (Leuciscus idus, Linnaeus, 1758) and nase (Chondrostoma nasus, Linnaeus, 1758). Histological investigation of ovaries and determination of proportions of oocytes in different stages of development is an appropriate method for the description of spawning characteristics of these species. Our results show that the GSI value for all four investigated species starts to increase at the end of summer and reaches its maximum before spawning. In the barbel and white bream, the presence of oocytes in the stage of cortical alveoli and the heterogeneous size of oocytes in the stage of vitellogenesis in the pre-spawning period indicate that barbel and white bream are multiple spawners. In contrast, in the orfe and nase, the absence of oocytes in the stage of cortical alveoli and the homogeneous size of cells in the stage of vitellogenesis indicate that orfe and nase are single spawners. Keywords: ovogenesis, cyprinids, single spawners, multiple spawners Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 441-452 Volume: 53 Issue: 10 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/352-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/352-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200810-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:53:y:2008:i:10:id:352-CJAS