Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Szulc Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Breeding, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland Author-Name: M. Pawelska-Góral Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Breeding, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland Author-Name: K. Hajduk Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Breeding, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland Title: Effect of wheat gluten and extracted, protected soybean meal addition to the diet of cows with different beta-lactoglobulin genotypes on the composition and physical properties of milk Abstract: The effect of wheat gluten or extracted soybean meal (300 g of crude protein/head/day) on milk yield, composition and its physical properties was analysed in 53 cows of Polish Holstein-Friesian breed with different milk beta-lactoglobulin (blg) genotypes (AA, AB and BB). The addition of wheat gluten to the diet of cows with the AA and AB blg genotypes caused a significant increase in crude protein (by 0.21; P ≤ 0.05, and 0.19%; P ≤ 0.01), casein (by 0.15; P ≤ 0.05, and 0.15%; P ≤ 0.01) and dry matter content (0.3 and 0.5%; P ≤ 0.05) in milk, and a significant increase in beta-casein production (0.6 g/l; P ≤ 0.05, and 0.6 g/l; P ≤ 0.01) and kappa-casein yield (0.3 g/l; P ≤ 0.05) in the case of cows with the AA genotype. Milk acidity and electrical resistance in milk were lowered. The cows with the BB blg genotype did not show any significant changes in milk composition. The supplementation of extracted soybean meal to cows with the AB and BB blg genotype led to a significant increase in milk protein (0.26% and 0.21%; P ≤ 0.01) and casein content (0.2 and 0.15%; P ≤ 0.01), beta-casein production (0.60 and 0.50 g/l; P ≤ 0.01) and to a decrease in kappa-casein content (by 0.7%; P ≤ 0.05) in cows with the BB genotype. The production of kappa-casein increased in cows with the AB genotype (by 0.2 g/l; P ≤ 0.01). In the case of all genotypes, an increase in milk active acidity and thermostability and a decrease in electrical resistance in milk were noted. It was observed that cows with different blg genotypes differently utilised the protein from given supplements for the production of individual milk components, which may be used in rationalisation of their feeding and improvement of milk content. Keywords: nutri-genomics, wheat gluten, extracted soybean meal, milk properties Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 341-348 Volume: 54 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/1734-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1734-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200908-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:54:y:2009:i:8:id:1734-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Wolf Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Smital Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Title: Effects in genetic evaluation for semen traits in Czech Large White and Czech Landrace boars Abstract: Data on 75 567 ejaculates from 1 417 boars of the breeds Czech Large White and Czech Landrace collected in 23 AI centres between 2000 and 2007 were analyzed. Fixed effects were estimated from a four-trait animal model for semen volume, sperm concentration, motility and percentage of abnormal spermatozoa and from single-trait animal models for the total number of spermatozoa and the number of functional spermatozoa. Both the total number of spermatozoa and the number of functional spermatozoa were highest in winter and lowest in summer. Boar's age had a strong influence on semen volume, the total number and the functional number of spermatozoa; these traits increased especially in the first phase. The percentage of abnormal spermatozoa also increased with age. An interval between successive collections of 7 to 10 days yielded the best values for all semen traits. As semen traits are of direct economic importance for AI centres, it can be expected that the estimation of breeding value for semen traits will become important and that AI centres will choose among top boars for production and female reproduction traits the boars with better semen production. Keywords: pig, boar, semen traits, breeding value estimation Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 349-358 Volume: 54 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/1658-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1658-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200908-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:54:y:2009:i:8:id:1658-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Vykoukalová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Knoll Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Liběchov, Czech Republic Author-Name: S. Čepica Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Liběchov, Czech Republic Title: Porcine perilipin (PLIN) gene: Structure, polymorphism and association study in Large White pigs Abstract: Perilipin, encoded by the PLIN gene, is a lipid droplet-associated phosphoprotein that functions as a key regulator of triacylglycerol storage and hydrolysis in adipocytes. In this study, structure and variability of the porcine PLIN gene were characterised. PCR fragments encompassing exons 1 to 9 and interspersed introns were sequenced and the obtained sequence was deposited in EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases (AM931171). Seven silent polymorphisms and one nonsynonymous polymorphism were detected in the coding sequence. The nonsynonymous polymorphism g.627G>A causing an amino acid substitution p.Val3Ile was found only in Meishan and Meishan × Piétrain cross. Associations were studied between loci g.4119A>G and g.7966T>C, and average daily gain (ADG), backfat thickness (BFT) or lean meat content (LMC) in 166 gilts from two herds. Due to supposed complete linkage disequilibrium between loci g.4119A>G and g.7966T>C only genotype combinations AA-TT, AG-TC and GG-CC were detected. A significant difference (P = 0.0290) between GG-CC and AG-TC genotype combinations for BFT in herd 2 and a suggestive difference (P = 0.0516) between GG-CC and AA-TT genotypes for ADG in herd 1 were detected. Keywords: pig, perilipin, polymorphism, association analysis Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 359-364 Volume: 54 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/1661-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1661-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200908-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:54:y:2009:i:8:id:1661-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Houška Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Title: The relationship between culling rate, herd structure and production efficiency in a pig nucleus herd Abstract: Computer simulation of sow culling was run in a nucleus herd. The specified constant culling rate from 15 to 21% was simulated for all parities. The resultant different age structure of a herd was studied from the aspect of piglet production and other production indicators. With increasing culling rate the percentage of mated gilts was increased in order to maintain the constant size of the sow herd. With 15% simulated culling, which required 17.09% of mated gilts, the percentage of sows at parity 1 and 2 and the percentage of sows at parities 3-5 were balanced (31.62% and 31.77%, respectively). Annual herd replacement was 37.62%. After five parities only a little more than a half (55.63%) of the total number of sows in the herd was removed. Similar results were obtained with 16% culling, which also made it possible to maintain the recommended herd structure. With higher culling rate parities 1 and 2 became dominant in the herd. With 21% culling and 19.84% of mated gilts the percentage of sows at parities 1 and 2 was 35.52% while it was only 29.90% at parities 3-5. Annual herd replacement amounted to 43.67%, and almost 70% of sows were removed after five parities in this case. With increasing culling rate the average age of sows removed from a herd decreased (1 158.1-1 021.2 days), the number of barren days in a herd per year increased (6 174-6 680 days) and the number of piglets weaned per sow per year decreased (19.54-18.92 piglets). At the same time, there was a decrease in total costs (64 789-63 519 Kč), returns (79 816-77 327 Kč) and profit (15 026-13 808 Kč) in the herd, as recalculated per sow per year, and profitability also decreased. Keywords: pig, computer simulation, culling rate, herd structure, costs, profitability Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 365-375 Volume: 54 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/1660-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1660-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200908-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:54:y:2009:i:8:id:1660-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Pogány Simonová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: A. Lauková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Ľ. Chrastinová Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Centre of Agricultural Research, Institute of Small Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: V. Strompfová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Š. Faix Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Z. Vasilková Author-Workplace-Name: Parasitological Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Ľ. Ondruška Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Centre of Agricultural Research, Institute of Small Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: R. Jurčík Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Centre of Agricultural Research, Institute of Small Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Rafay Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Centre of Agricultural Research, Institute of Small Animal Production, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Enterococcus faecium CCM7420, bacteriocin PPB CCM7420 and their effect in the digestive tract of rabbits Abstract: The effect of Enterococcus faecium CCM7420, bacteriocin-producing strain with probiotic properties and its partially purified bacteriocin PPB CCM7420 on growth performance, microflora, Eimeria sp. oocysts, biochemical blood parameters and glutathione-peroxidase activity in rabbits was determined. An increase in the body weight of rabbits (P < 0.01) was achieved after E. faecium CCM7420 application. A non-significant reduction of faecal E. coli (including haemolytic E. coli), coagulase-positive staphylococci (CPS) and Staphylococcus aureus was found in rabbits administered the E. faecium CCM7420 strain and lower (non-significant) counts of S. aureus and Clostridium-like sp. were detected in PPB CCM7420 group, compared to the control. In the caecum, a significant reduction of CPS was noted in both experimental groups (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05 for EG1 and EG2, respectively). Biochemical blood parameters increased in both experimental groups (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001 for EG2 and EG1, respectively). In the CCM7420 group, the lowest activity of glutathione-peroxidase was measured (P < 0.001). After the application of PPB CCM7420 (P < 0.05; day 21), a reduction of Eimeria sp. oocysts was recorded. Keywords: rabbits, microflora, coccidia, enterocins, blood parameters, probiotic Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 376-386 Volume: 54 Issue: 8 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/1659-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1659-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-200908-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:54:y:2009:i:8:id:1659-CJAS