Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Šprysl Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Animal Husbandry, Prague 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Čítek Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Animal Husbandry, Prague 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Stupka Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Animal Husbandry, Prague 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic Title: Interaction of selected production indicators of the economics of pork production Abstract: Estimates of the effects influencing the economics of pig production are of primary importance for breeders. For this purpose, costs, revenues and profitability were determined on the basis of individual parameters of the efficiency of tested pigs and of average commodity prices. The calculation was the result of the efficiency of actual animals and of the average and simulated prices of inputs received by producers in large-scale production operations. 136 animals, 64 of crossbred combinations (LWs × D) × (LWD × L) and 72 of PN × (LWD × L) were used. The total cost of 1 pig represented the costs per weaned piglet, feed and other costs; the revenues represented the actual price of a pig at slaughter. Multivariable hierarchical models were constructed to assess the relationships between the following factors: crossbred combination, nutrition and sex, ADG, number of piglets bred, CFM price and carcass price with the outcome variables: costs, revenues and profitability. The results demonstrated that the total cost of fattening pig is considerably influenced by the price of a piglet and feed, not by the price of the carcass and the growth intensity. There was no proof of a relationship between the price of a pig and reproduction and/or the price of feed. Profitability is significantly influenced by the reproduction rate, price of feed, growth intensity and revenues. The results also showed that the intensity of nutrition and the sex considerably influence the total cost of 1 fattened pig, which represents an increase in the total cost by 3.80 € in the application of ad libitum feeding techniques, and 5.39 €/pc in the fattening of barrows. The choice of a suitable combination represents a decrease in the total cost by 1.49% and an increase in revenues by 2.93%. Profitability is significantly associated with the intensity of nutrition, sex and breed. With unrestricted feeding it is reduced by 4.1%, for barrows by 6.6%, and in the use of four-breed combinations of crossbreds it increases by 4.13%. Keywords: pig, fattening, pig potential, economics, cista, revenue, profitability, relationships Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 1-10 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/1705-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1705-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201001-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:1:id:1705-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: O. Hanuš Author-Workplace-Name: Agrovýzkum Ltd., Rapotín, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Frelich Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Agriculture, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Tomáška Author-Workplace-Name: Dairy Research Institute in Žilina, Žilina, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Vyletělová Author-Workplace-Name: Agrovýzkum Ltd., Rapotín, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Genčurová Author-Workplace-Name: Agrovýzkum Ltd., Rapotín, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Kučera Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Fleckvieh breeders Association, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Třináctý Author-Workplace-Name: Agrovýzkum Ltd., Rapotín, Czech Republic Title: The analysis of relationships between chemical composition, physical, technological and health indicators and freezing point in raw cow milk Abstract: The milk freezing point (MFP) is used for the control of milk food chain quality especially for possible adulteration with water. A crucial issue is the acceptance of the legislative discrimination limit (RLDL) of MFP for standard quality. The aim was to explain the relations between MFP and spectrum of milk indicators (MI) and possible impacts of MFP on technological milk properties. 76 bulk milk samples (BMS) from Holstein (1, n = 36) and Czech Fleckvieh (2, n = 40) cattle were analyzed for 48 MIs. The dairy cows were relatively healthy as for the occurrence of production disorders. BMSs were taken from February to June. Extraneous water was excluded. 44 MIs were correlated with the MFP. The relations were not regularly consistent between breeds. Milk yield was connected with MFP (r = 0.40; P < 0.05). It shows the necessity of modification of RLDL of MFP in dependence on dairy cow breeding. Further relations (P ≤ 0.05) were among MFP and: total milk solids (r = -0.50); solids-non-fat (-0.33); crude protein (-0.32); true protein (-0.43); whey protein (-0.47); milk fat (-0.46); electrical conductivity (-0.35); lactose (-0.35); somatic cell count (-0.36); fat/protein ratio (-0.36); milk citric acid (0.47); Na (-0.34). The poor relations (P > 0.05) were among MFP and casein, milk urea and acetone. The cheese-making indicators were not affected by MFP. The MFP was related to milk fermentation indicators (r = from -0.34 to -0.39, P < 0.05). It is important for the control of milk food chain quality by MFP and for the estimation of its RLDL. Keywords: dairy cow, health state, secretion disorder, milk components, physical indicator, technological property Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 11-29 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/1708-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1708-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201001-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:1:id:1708-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Gholizadeh Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Sari University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran Author-Workplace-Name: young Researchers Club, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr Branch, Teheran, Iran Author-Name: G. Rahimi Mianji Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Sari University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran Author-Name: M. Hashemi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Aburaihan College of Agricultural Science, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: H. Hafezian Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Sari University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Sari, Iran Title: Genetic parameter estimates for birth and weaning weights in Raeini goats Abstract: The aim of the present study was to estimate variance components and genetic parameters for birth and weaning weights in Raeini goats. The data were collected from the Breeding Centre of Raeini (BCR) cashmere goats in Kerman province of Iran from 1986 to 2008. Random effects included direct and maternal additive genetic effects, maternal permanent environmental effects with direct-maternal genetic covariance and random residual effects. Variance and covariance components and genetic parameters were estimated using the DFREML program by fitting six single-trait animal models. Depending on the model, hd2 varied from 0.057 to 0.323 for birth weight and from 0.043 to 0.229 for weaning weight. Estimates of m2 ranged from 0.016 to 0.289 for birth weight and from 0.01 to 0.184 for weaning weight. The maternal permanent environmental effect was significant for both traits and ignoring maternal effects in the model caused the overestimation of direct heritability. Keywords: body weight, growth, heritability, maternal effects, goat Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 30-36 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/1703-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1703-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201001-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:1:id:1703-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Liu Yongganmg Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Name: Gao Shizheng Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, P.R. China Title: A novel porcine gene, USP7, differentially expressed in the musculus longissimus from Wujin and Large White pigs Abstract: The mRNA differential display technique was performed to investigate differences in the gene expression in the musculus longissimus from Wujin and Large White pigs. A fragment of one differentially expressed gene was isolated and sequenced. A complete cDNA sequence was obtained using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method. The sequence prediction analysis revealed that the open reading frame of this gene encodes a protein of 1 103 amino acids, which is homologous with the ubiquitin specific peptidase 7 (USP7) of four species, rat (identity 98%), human (98%), mouse (98%) and chicken (95%), so it can be defined as the porcine USP7 gene. The differences in the USP7 gene expression in muscles from Wujin and Large White pigs were confirmed using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The gene expression analysis in eight tissues of a Wujin × Large White cross showed that USP7 was expressed in all the tissues, except for fat. Keywords: pig, mRNA differential display, RACE, USP7 gene Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 37-41 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/1709-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1709-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201001-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:1:id:1709-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Herich Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Pathology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: T. Kokinčáková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Epizootology and Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: A. Lauková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Levkutová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Epizootology and Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine, Košice, Slovak Republic Title: Effect of preventive application of Enterococcus faecium EF55 on intestinal mucosa during salmonellosis in chickens Abstract: In the present study the effect of preventive application of Enterococcus faecium EF 55 on the intestinal mucosa was evaluated in experimentally infected chickens with Salmonella enterica subsp. Enteritidis. A total of 120, one-day-old Salmonella-free chickens of Isa Brown hybrid were divided into 4 groups. The chickens in groups E and ES were perorally inoculated with E. faecium EF55 in a dose of 1 × 109 CFU/ml for 7 consecutive days. Placebo was applied to birds in control group C and group S during the first 7 days of life. At the age of 8 days chickens in groups ES and S were perorally infected with S. enterica subsp. Enteritidis phage type 4 in a dose of 1 × 108 CFU/ml. In birds treated with E. faecium EF 55 (group ES) a decreased number of Salmonella spp. positive individuals was recorded from 28.5% 2 days post infection (p.i.) to 10% 14 days p.i. when the difference between group ES and group with the application of Salmonella Enteritidis alone (group S) was significant (P < 0.01). On the contrary, in birds of group S the percentage of Salmonella spp. positive animals showed no constant changes. It increased from 12.5% 2 days p.i. to 37.5% 4 days p.i. The maximum of positive samples 83.3% was found 14 days p.i. The application of E. faecium EF55 reduced colonisation of caeca and minimized translocation of salmonellae into the liver and spleen. Two days p.i. the shortest villi in the jejunum were observed in group S - 1 266.2 µm, when compared to group E with the highest jejunal villi - 1 605 µm (P < 0.05). The growth of the villi was observed 14 days p.i. in all groups except group S. The early exposition of chickens to E. faecium EF55 led to more rapid development of intestinal villi when compared to the untreated control (P < 0.05). Reduced colonisation of the intestinal tract by salmonellae in birds treated with E. faecium EF 55 also preserved the microenvironment of the intestine from harmful effects of the pathogen. Keywords: Enterococcus faecium, Salmonella spp., PCR, villi, chickens Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 42-47 Volume: 55 Issue: 1 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/19/2009-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/19/2009-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201001-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:1:id:19-2009-CJAS