Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Barnetová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Center for Cell Therapy and Tissue Repair, IAPG CAS, Liběchov, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Okada Author-Workplace-Name: Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan Title: Genome reprogramming during the first cell cycle in in vitro produced porcine embryos Abstract: Conflicting data still exist regarding the extent of paternal pronuclear DNA demethylation in one cell-stage mammalian embryos. Demethylation of paternal pronuclear DNA was observed in in vitro produced porcine zygotes, whereas in vitro produced embryos do not show any or only weak paternal genome demethylation. In our experiments, we have used and compared two in vitro techniques commonly used for in vitro embryo production (in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection) and then we evaluated the extent of labelling in both these groups after 5-methylcytosine (5-MeC) or dimethyl H3/K9 labelling. We have found no differences in the methylation pattern between both those techniques used for the production of embryos. Moreover, we did not detect any demethylation of paternal DNA after 5-MeC labelling at all. Contrary to this, labelling with dimethyl H3/K9 antibodies showed differences in labelling intensity between maternal and paternal genomes in 42% of zygotes after in vitro fertilization and in 44% of zygotes after intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Our results indicate that in vitro matured pig oocytes exhibit rather inconsistent methylation patterns. This inconsistency probably resulted from insufficient cytoplasmic maturation of oocytes and to a lesser extent from the in vitro technique for embryo production. Keywords: Keywords: epigenetics, pig, ICSI, IVF, methylation Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 49-57 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/26/2009-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/26/2009-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201002-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:2:id:26-2009-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Trávníček Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Agriculture, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Kroupová Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Agriculture, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Konečný Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Agriculture, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Staňková Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Agriculture, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Šťastná Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Agriculture, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Hasoňová Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Agriculture, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Mikulová Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Agriculture, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Title: Iodine status in ewes with the intake of iodine enriched alga Chlorella Abstract: The effect of increased intake of iodine at different selenium intake was studied in three groups of lambing ewes consisting of five animals and in their lambs for 76 days (from day 4 to day 80 post partum). Iodine in blood plasma, milk and urine was determined by a modified method according to Sandell-Kolthoff. Mineral supplement contained iodine and selenium in the form of I- or Se-enriched alga Chlorella. The content of iodine and selenium per 1 kg DM of experimental diet was as follows: group G1 0.7 mg I and 0.2 mg Se, group G2 0.7 mg I and 0.4 mg Se, group G3 1.3 mg I and 0.4 mg Se. The increased intake of iodine was not accompanied by an iodine increase in blood plasma until day 60 of lactation in connection with its high excretion into milk. The highest iodine content in milk was recorded on day 20 to 30 of lactation while there was a drop on day 60 of lactation. Iodine content in the blood plasma of lambs reflected iodine content in the milk of their mothers. The highest content of iodine in milk, blood plasma and urine was in the group with its highest intake (G3). Lower urinary output of iodine and higher iodine output in milk in lambing ewes of group G2 compared to group G1 document the higher retention and utilization of iodine in ewes with a higher supply of selenium. The average content of iodine in milk in group G1, G2 and G3 was as follows: 724.2 ± 485.3; 885.9 ± 460.6; and 1 126 ± 262.5 μg/l. Keywords: organically bound iodine, organically bound selenium, milk, blood plasma, urine, ewes, lambs Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 58-65 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/40/2009-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/40/2009-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201002-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:2:id:40-2009-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Arpášová Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Halaj Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: P. Halaj Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Eggshell quality and calcium utilization in feed of hens in repeated laying cycles Abstract: Hens of the laying hybrid Shaver Starcross 288 were used in two consequential experiments. The first experiment (for 10 months) was conducted on hens at the age from 18 to 60 weeks (1st cycle; n = 50) and moulted hens after 10 months laying from 70 to 110 weeks of age (2nd cycle; n = 50). For the second experiment (for 8 months) in the 1st cycle 18 weeks old hens were bought (n = 60) and hens from the first experiment after moulting were used in the 2nd and 3rd cycle (n = 32 and n = 28). During the experiments eggshell qualitative parameters and calcium utilisation (%) were determined. The results indicate that the percentage of eggshell decreased with the increasing number of cycles. The significant correlation of the eggshell proportion and the age of hens was higher in long, advanced cycles (P < 0.05). The shell strength in both experiments decreased slightly in relation to the age of hens and repeated laying cycles. The shell deformation had an opposite trend to the shell strength, i.e. it increased with the increasing laying. The average shell thickness showed a decrease in the repeated laying cycles, more significant in shorter cycles (P < 0.01). The specific shell gravity maintained balanced values both in cycles and by the age of hens. The shell density in all cycles in both experiments showed a decreasing tendency in relation to the age of hens. In dietary calcium utilization for the shell formation a significant decrease was recorded in the second cycles after moulting (P < 0.05). Keywords: laying hens, forced moulting, repeated laying cycle, eggshell quality, calcium Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 66-74 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/90/2009-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/90/2009-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201002-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:2:id:90-2009-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Straková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Animal Husbandry and Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Suchý Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Animal Husbandry and Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Herzig Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Animal Husbandry and Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Hudečková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Animal Husbandry and Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Š. Ivanko Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Animal Husbandry and Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Variation in fatty acids in chicken meat as a result of a lupin-containing diet Abstract: This study was designed to verify the effect of diets containing lupin meal on the composition of fat in meat from fattened broiler chickens. It follows from the results that an increasing level of lupin meal (E1 and E2) resulted in a gradual decrease in the average level of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) in fat in breast and thigh muscles from experimental chickens as compared to the control group. This decrease was characterized by a significant (P ≤ 0.05) to highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) reduction in the level of palmitic acid, which is the most common fatty acid. Diets containing lupin meal showed an increase in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). Particularly oleic acid contributed significantly to an overall increase in MUFAs (P ≤ 0.01). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) from the n-6 group showed only a slight decrease in fat in meat from chickens in the experimental group. Linoleic acid as the most common PUFA found in the fat from chicken muscles showed a significantly lower level in breast muscles in the E2 group (P ≤ 0.05) as compared to the control and the E1 group. A similar trend was also observed for γ-linolenic acid in fat from breast muscles. The level of arachidonic acid in fat from muscles in experimental groups also decreased. The levels of PUFAs n-3 in fat from chicken muscles were found to increase in experimental groups. Of all PUFAs n-3 examined in fat from breast and thigh muscles, α-linolenic acid was found at the highest levels. Its levels in fat from muscles varied with an increasing amount of lupin meal in a diet. However, a highly significant increase (P ≤ 0.01) was confirmed only in thigh muscles. A rise in PUFAs n-3 which is associated with the dietary supplementation of lupin meal is particularly beneficial as it affected the Σ PUFAs n-3:Σ PUFAs n-6 ratio, thereby enhancing the nutritional value of chicken meat with regard to human nutrition. Keywords: broiler, lupin, breast meat, thigh meat, fat, PUFA Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 75-82 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/105/2009-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/105/2009-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201002-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:2:id:105-2009-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B. Dolińska Author-Workplace-Name: Pharmaceutical Scientific - Production Plant Biochefa, Poland Author-Name: A. Suszka-Świtek Author-Workplace-Name: Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland Author-Name: S. Dragan Author-Workplace-Name: Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland Author-Name: F. Ryszka Author-Workplace-Name: Pharmaceutical Scientific - Production Plant Biochefa, Poland Author-Name: R. Kołacz Author-Workplace-Name: Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland Author-Name: B. Patkowska-Sokoła Author-Workplace-Name: Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland Title: The influence of prolactin on bone mineral density (BMD) and some biochemical markers of ovariectomized rats Abstract: A model of postmenopausal osteoporosis was used in the study. 107 days after ovariectomy the animals were subcutaneously applied 1.0 IU PRL/kg BM or 1.0 IU calcitonin/kg BM for 7 days in single doses. The application of the preparations started again 80 days after the first application. After 194 days the animals were narcotized, blood was collected, and lumbar (L2-L4) and femoral bones were prepared. The material obtained was subjected to densitometric analysis of bone mineral density (BMD). In ovariectomized rats the loss of osseous tissue was observed only in the lumbar bone. The application of prolactin to ovariectomized rats caused an increase in the mineral density of the lumbar bone up to a BMD value equal to that of the control group which had not been subjected to ovariectomy (control healthy group - SHAM). Similar results were obtained in the case of calcitonin. An increase in osteocalcin concentration and activity of isoenzyme alkaline phosphatase (BAL), with a decrease in the activity of isoenzyme acid phosphatase (TRAP) was observed in experimental groups compared to control ones. Keywords: prolactin (PRL), ovariectomy, experimental osteoporosis, bone mineral density (BMD), lumbar bone (L2-L4), femoral bone, female rats Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 83-88 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/195/2009-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/195/2009-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201002-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:2:id:195-2009-CJAS