Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: Volume 55, Contents Author Index 2010 Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: I-V Volume: 55 Issue: 12 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/2484-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2484-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:12:id:2484-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Kalač Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Samková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Title: The effects of feeding various forages on fatty acid composition of bovine milk fat: A review Abstract: The nutritional image of bovine milk fat has suffered for years because of the association of saturated fatty acids and coronary heart disease. Thus the alteration of fatty acid composition has been a long-term strategy. Forages, even though containing a relatively low level of lipids, are the cheapest and often the major source of beneficial unsaturated fatty acids in ruminant diets. Recent progress in the research of factors affecting fatty acid content and composition in fresh and preserved forages and the associations between feeding such forages and milk fat profile are reviewed. Milk from cows grazed or fed fresh forage, especially from species-rich grasslands or forage legumes, has a considerably higher ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids and a higher content of nutritionally beneficial trans-fatty acids (e.g. CLA, vaccenic acid) than milk from cows fed silage or hay. Grass and legume silages seem to affect the fatty acid profile more propitiously than maize silage. Keywords: review, bovine milk fat, milk fat profile alteration, fatty acids, CLA, rumenic acid, vaccenic acid, pasture, fresh forage, silage, hay Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 521-537 Volume: 55 Issue: 12 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/2485-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2485-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201012-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:12:id:2485-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Kolář Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Frelich Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Brouček Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: S. Kužel Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Borová-Batt Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Peterka Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Šlachta Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Volfová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Pezlarová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Hřebečková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Čechová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Title: Anaerobic degradability of organic matter of cattle faeces and a possibility of its utilization Abstract: The content of organic matter labile fractions is negligible in cattle faeces but the content of the anaerobically degradable fraction on the boundary of organic matter lability and stability is analytically utilizable and different. It depends not only on feed quality and quantity but also on all factors of enteric fermentation and processes determining the digestion of ruminants. In the present paper we attempted to describe the digestive tract of ruminants as an anaerobic bioreactor and to calculate its mass balance so that the measurement of a difference in the anaerobic degradability of feeds and faeces at steady state could be theoretically demonstrated as a multipurpose research method not bothering the animals. The first results in eight variants proved that feed quality and other factors influencing processes in the digestive tract of ruminants could be monitored in this way. Obviously, this method does not replace the present methods used for feed digestibility determination. Keywords: degradability of phytomass, anaerobic bioreactor, organic matter, difference in anaerobic degradability of feed and cattle faeces, possibility of utilization Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 538-547 Volume: 55 Issue: 12 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/2888-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2888-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201012-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:12:id:2888-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Węglarz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cattle Breeding, Agriculture University of Krakow, Kraków, Poland Title: Meat quality defined based on pH and colour depending on cattle category and slaughter season Abstract: The studies were carried out on 614 animals slaughtered in winter and summer seasons. After slaughter and post-slaughter processing the carcasses were evaluated according to EUROP system. The meat pH and its colour were determined in m. longissimus thoracis after 48 hours of chilling. A significant effect of cattle category, season of slaughter and interactions between them on meat pH was found. High pH values were observed mainly in the summer season in the groups of young bulls (A) (6.1) and bulls (B) (6.07). Slightly lower values 5.94 and 5.65, respectively, were observed in both above-mentioned groups in winter. Meat collected from heifers was characterized by proper pH in both analysed seasons whereas meat obtained from cows had pH values above 5.8, independently of the season of slaughter. The differences in colour lightness L* observed among all analysed cattle categories were statistically highly significant (P < 0.0001). The brightest red meat was obtained from heifers and the darkest from cows. The differences between young bulls and bulls in the same slaughter seasons were not large despite considerable variation in the age of slaughtered animals, especially in the summer season. Distinctly higher values of L* (brighter red meat) were found in the winter season in all cattle categories excluding meat from cows in which L* in summer was slightly higher than in winter. The differences in L* between seasons as well as the interaction of cattle category × slaughter season were statistically highly significant (P < 0.0001). For the remaining colour parameters (a*, b*) higher values were also observed in winter compared to summer in all cattle categories. The highest values of a* and b* were found in bulls. Keywords: cattle, longissimus thoracis muscle, slaughter season, meat pH and colour Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 548-556 Volume: 55 Issue: 12 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/2520-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2520-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201012-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:12:id:2520-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Miao Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, XinXiang, P.R. China Author-Name: F. Zhu Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, HangZhou, P.R. China Author-Name: H. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, XinXiang, P.R. China Author-Name: X. Chang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, XinXiang, P.R. China Author-Name: H. Xie Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, XinXiang, P.R. China Author-Name: J. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, XinXiang, P.R. China Author-Name: Z. Xu Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory for Molecular Animal Nutrition of Ministry of Education, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, HangZhou, P.R. China Title: Developmental patterns of FASN and LIPE mRNA expression in adipose tissue of growing Jinhua and Landrace gilts Abstract: The present study was aimed to investigate the developmental patterns of FASN (fatty acid synthase) and LIPE (lipase, hormone-sensitive) mRNA in adipose tissue in pigs of different breeds and the relation with carcass fat content. Subcutaneous adipose tissue was sampled and total RNA was extracted to determine FASN and LIPE mRNA levels by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The results showed that the FASN mRNA level increased with age (P < 0.05) and Jinhua gilts expressed higher FASN mRNA compared with Landrace gilts at 80 and 125 days of age (P < 0.05). In addition, Jinhua gilts expressed lower LIPE mRNA compared with Landrace gilts at 80 days of age (P < 0.01). Furthermore, the ratio of FASN/LIPE mRNA had a similar model in the two breeds, and was higher in Jinhua gilts than that in Landrace gilts at 80 and 125 days of age (P < 0.05). The FASN mRNA level was positively related to carcass fat content in Jinhua and Landrace gilts (r = 0.802, P = 0.01; r = 0.734, P = 0.02; respectively), and the ratio of FASN/LIPE expression exhibited significantly positively related carcass fat content (r = 0.804, P = 0.01; r = 0.749, P = 0.02; respectively). Keywords: gilt, carcass fat content, FASN, LIPE, gene expression, RT-PCR Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 557-564 Volume: 55 Issue: 12 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/2514-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2514-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201012-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:12:id:2514-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Skřivan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition Physiology and Animal Product Quality, Institute of Animal Science, v.v.i., Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Skřivanová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition Physiology and Animal Product Quality, Institute of Animal Science, v.v.i., Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: G. Dlouhá Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition Physiology and Animal Product Quality, Institute of Animal Science, v.v.i., Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Brányiková Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Cell Cycles of Algae, Institute of Microbiology of the ASCR, v.v.i., Třeboň, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Zachleder Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Cell Cycles of Algae, Institute of Microbiology of the ASCR, v.v.i., Třeboň, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Vítová Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Cell Cycles of Algae, Institute of Microbiology of the ASCR, v.v.i., Třeboň, Czech Republic Title: The use of selenium-enriched alga Scenedesmus quadricauda in a chicken diet Abstract: The selenium-enriched Scenedesmus biomass of patented selenium-resistant strain SeIV was tested in a broiler chicken diet in comparison with sodium selenite supplementation. Feed conversion, mortality and live weight were not significantly influenced by the source of selenium. Supplementation of either form of selenium significantly increased the Se concentration in breast muscle with a more pronounced effect (P < 0.001) caused by selenium enriched Scenedesmus (635 μg/kg DM, 229 μg/kg DM in control). Breast meat of chickens fed a diet with sodium selenite or Se-Scenedesmus had a significantly (P < 0.001) higher value of glutathione peroxidase activity (0.329 μmol/g, 0.361 μmol/g) compared to the basal diet (0.190 μmol/g). The inclusion of Se-Scenedesmus biomass in the diet enhanced (P = 0.021) oxidative stability of meat expressed as reduced malondialdehyde in breast meat after 10-day cooler storage. Se-enriched Scenedesmus can be a good source of organic selenium for the production of Se-enriched chicken meat for further use in human diets. Furthermore, the Se-resistant strain SeIV was found advantageous for its fast and easy production of Se-enriched biomass. Keywords: broiler chicken, green alga, Scenedesmus, meat quality, selenium Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 565-571 Volume: 55 Issue: 12 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/2480-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2480-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201012-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:12:id:2480-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Heindl Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Animal Husbandry, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Ledvinka Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Animal Husbandry, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Englmaierová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition Physiology and Animal Products Quality, Institute of Animal Science, v.v.i., Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Zita Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Animal Husbandry, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Tůmová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Animal Husbandry, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Title: The effect of dietary selenium sources and levels on performance, selenium content in muscle and glutathione peroxidase activity in broiler chickens Abstract: The study examined the effect of dietary supplements of sodium selenite (SS), selenium-enriched yeast (Sel-Plex®, SP) and selenium-enriched alga Chlorella (SCH) on growth traits, carcass analysis, selenium content in breast meat, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in breast and thigh meat and liver of chickens. The experiment was realized with seven hundred thirty-five cockerels Ross 308 randomly divided into 7 dietary treatments with 3 replications in each treatment. Chickens were fed a diet supplemented with 0 (control), 0.15 or 0.30 mg of selenium/kg in the form of sodium selenite (SS), Sel-Plex® (SP) and selenium-enriched alga Chlorella (SCH). Selenium addition influenced body weight at 21 (P ≤ 0.001) and 35 (P ≤ 0.05) days of age. Significantly higher body weight at 35 days of age was determined in chickens receiving 0.15 mg of selenium from SP (2 122 g) and 0.3 mg of selenium from SCH (2 116 g) contrary to dietary treatment with a lower level of selenium from SCH (2 010 g) per kg of feed. The selenium content in breast muscle was increased (P ≤ 0.001) by both the lower and higher selenium concentration in the form of SP (0.6 and 0.85 mg/kg dry matter) and SCH (0.6 and 0.82 mg/kg dry matter) in comparison with the control (0.31 mg/kg dry matter). A significant increase (P ≤ 0.001) was ascertained even in SS treatments, but no significant differences were found between both levels. The selenium source and level, including SS, significantly (P ≤ 0.001) influenced the GSH-Px activity in breast and thigh meat. Keywords: selenium source, performance, GSH-Px activity, broiler cockerels Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 572-578 Volume: 55 Issue: 12 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/2487-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2487-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201012-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:55:y:2010:i:12:id:2487-CJAS