Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Strojný Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: A. Bomba Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: E. Hijová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: A. Chmelárová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: G. Mojžišová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: I. Bertková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Koprovičová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Pomfy Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: V. Strompfová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Molokáčová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology, Teaching Hospital, Košice, Slovak Republic Title: Effects of a probiotic in combination with prebiotics on intestinal lactobacilli and coliforms and activities of bacterial enzymes in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine exposed rats Abstract: Effects of the probiotic (PRO) Lactobacillus plantarum and of the combination of PRO and the prebiotic (PRE) inulin enriched with oligofructose (2%), and PRO with Lini oleum virginale (O) on counts of lactobacilli and coliforms and enzymatic activities in faeces of rats were studied. The rats (n = 60) were divided into 5 groups of 12 subjects. The animals were fed on a high fat diet (10%) for 8 weeks of experiment. Colon cancer was induced by the application of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) twice a week in a dose of 20 mg/kg s.c. in groups G2-G5. The rats in group 1 (control 1) received a diet without any supplements. The rats in group 2 (control 2) received 1,2 DMH without any supplements. The rats in group 3 received PRO, group 4 PRO and PRE, and group 5 received PRO and O. A significant decrease (P < 0.05) of coliforms was found out after the application of PRO, PRO-O, and PRO-PRE in comparison with control group G2. Significantly higher (P < 0.05) counts of lactobacilli were determined after the application of PRO-O and PRO-PRE. Significantly lower (P < 0.001) activities of β-galactosidase, β-glucuronidase and α-glucosidase were observed in PRO, PRO-PRE and PRO-O, while in the case of the enzyme β-glucosidase the activity was lower only after the addition of PRO-O. The protective effect of lactobacilli was observed in the order PRO-O, PRO-PRE, and PRO. It was shown that combinations of PRO-O and PRO-PRE had a synergistic effect which was higher than the effect of administering only PRO. Keywords: L. plantarum, inulin, 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine, lactobacilli, coliforms Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 99-106 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/56/2010-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/56/2010-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201103-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:56:y:2011:i:3:id:56-2010-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Zabolewicz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: U. Czarnik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: J. Strychalski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: C.S. Pareek Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Functional Genomics, Institute of General and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Earth Science, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland Author-Name: M. Pierzchała Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland Title: The association between microsatellite Bm6438 and milk performance traits in Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle Abstract: The objective of this study was to verify the hypothesis postulating the location of QTL linked marker for milk performance traits in the proximal section of chromosome BTA1 by analyzing the microsatellite BM6438 alleles from heterozygous sires and the milk performance traits of the investigated cattle. The experiment covered 484 Polish Holstein-Friesian primiparous cows, the progeny of three unrelated sires, including 317 cows ‒ the progeny of two sires with 256/268 genotype and 167 cows - the progeny of a sire with 258/268 genotype. BM6438 polymorphism was determined by PCR and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Three alleles (256, 258 and 268), forming 6 genotype groups, were identified among the studied cattle. In the progeny of sires with 256/268 genotype, statistically significant differences were found out in protein yield (the progeny of 2 sires) and in milk yield (the progeny of 1 sire). In both cases, the highest values of performance traits were recorded in 268/268 genotype groups, and the lowest in half-sib groups with 256/258 and 258/268 genotypes. The analysis covering the progeny of two sires with 256/268 genotype confirmed the regularities noted in individual families. 268/268 homozygotes had a highly significantly higher (P ≤ 0.01) protein yield than the remaining genotype groups. Statistically significant differences were also reported in the values of milk yield (P ≤ 0.05). Keywords: cattle, Polish Holstein-Friesian breed, BM6438 polymorphism, milk performance traits Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 107-113 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/1299-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1299-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201103-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:56:y:2011:i:3:id:1299-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Kouba Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemia Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Hamáčková Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemia Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Buřič Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemia Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: T. Policar Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemia Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Kozák Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemia Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Title: Use of three forms of decapsulated Artemia cysts as food for juvenile noble crayfish (Astacus astacus) Abstract: Summerling (six-month old) noble crayfish fed two forms of freshly decapsulated (FD) Artemia cysts more than tripled their weight during a 75-day experiment under controlled conditions. Final survival rates were at the level of 90%. Feeding commercially available industrially decapsulated cysts resulted in both poor growth and reduced survival (22.2%). Therefore FD Artemia cysts may be an effective diet for crayfish culture, but dehydrated industrially decapsulated (DID) cysts should be used with caution to avoid products of low quality. That should be considered especially in slow feeders such as crayfish because of leaching of nutrients from DID cysts. Costs of the processing of freshly decapsulated cysts are discussed. Keywords: astacid crayfish, brine shrimp, decapsulation, live food Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 114-118 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/1301-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1301-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201103-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:56:y:2011:i:3:id:1301-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Chrenková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Research Institute of Animal Production, Animal Production Research Centre, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Z. Formelová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Research Institute of Animal Production, Animal Production Research Centre, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Ľ. Chrastinová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Research Institute of Animal Production, Animal Production Research Centre, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: P. Fľak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Research Institute of Animal Production, Animal Production Research Centre, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Z. Čerešňáková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Research Institute of Animal Production, Animal Production Research Centre, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: R. Lahučký Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Research Institute of Animal Production, Animal Production Research Centre, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Poláčiková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Research Institute of Animal Production, Animal Production Research Centre, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: I. Bahelka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Research Institute of Animal Production, Animal Production Research Centre, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Influence of diets containing raw or extruded peas instead of soybean meal on meat quality characteristics in growing-finishing pigs Abstract: An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of pea-based diet fed to growing and finishing pigs on performance, carcass and meat quality. Thirty pigs (Slovak White Meaty or crossbred Slovak White Meaty × Pietrain) were tested for the malignant hyperthermia (MH) syndrome using a DNA based test. Pigs were allotted to control and experimental groups (of 10 pigs each, equal for normal - NN and he-terozygotes - Nn and equal for barrows and gilts) with 2 pigs per pen. Pigs receiving the control treatment were fed soybean meal diets. In all diets fed to experimental pigs the soybean meal was replaced by 30% of raw or extruded pea-based meal balanced on an isonitrogenous and isoenergetic level. Pig performance was monitored for the entire experimental period. At the conclusion of the experiment, carcass and meat quality were measured. The results did not show any effects of dietary treatments on average daily gain (P > 0.05). The evaluation of carcass composition showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) in backfat and lean percentage values between the control and experimental pigs. Chemical composition (total water, protein, intramuscular fat) and fatty acid profile did not differ among treatments (P > 0.05). The differences in the omega-6/omega-3 ratio were significant (P > 0.05) between animals fed the control ration with soybean meal and animals receiving the pea ration. No differences were observed between control and experimental pigs in pH (45 min and 24 h), colour (24 h), drip loss (24 h) and tenderness (5 day) measured with Warner-Bratzler instrument (P > 0.05). In conclusion, peas may replace the soybean meal in diets fed to growing and finishing pigs without negative influence on pig performance, carcass composition and meat quality. Keywords: peas, extrusion, pigs, carcass and meat quality Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 119-126 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/1302-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1302-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201103-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:56:y:2011:i:3:id:1302-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Zelenka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Heger Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Nutrition, Animal Production Research Centre in Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: S. Kráčmar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Mrkvicová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Czech Republic Title: Allometric growth of protein, amino acids, fat and minerals in slow- and fast-growing young chickens Abstract: Allometric growth of body constituents and apparent efficiency of amino acid and nitrogen retention were examined in slow-growing laying-type cockerels (SG) and in fast-growing male broiler hybrids (FG) during the growth period from hatch to Day 22. The respective allometric coefficients for water, protein, (N × 6.25)ash and fat in relation to body weight were 0.971, 1.080, 1.096 and 1.284 for SG chickens and 0.977, 1.099, 0.993, and 1.198 for FG chickens. The respective allometric coefficients describing the relationships of water, fat and ash weight with protein weight were 0.894, 1.014, and 1.186 for SG chickens and 0.893, 0.910, and 1.097 for FG chickens. High allometric coefficients for ash in both genotypes likely indicate the rapid growth of skeletal tissues which requires adequate mineral nutrition during this period of growth. The deposition of ash relative to protein was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in SG chickens thus suggesting that the relative growth of ash may be affected by genotype. Allometric coefficients relating amino acids to body protein were less than unity in most cases which indicates that an increasing amount of non-protein N is deposited in the body with advancing age. Except for cysteine, the apparent efficiency of amino acid retention was lower in SG as compared to FG chickens. The high retention efficiency of cysteine in SG genotype was likely associated with the conversion of surplus methionine to cysteine, required for feather protein synthesis in laying-type birds at an early age. Keywords: chickens, age, growth rate, chemical allometry, amino acid retention Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 127-135 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/1300-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1300-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201103-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:56:y:2011:i:3:id:1300-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Kowalska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Aquaculture, Stanisław Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: Z. Zakęś Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Aquaculture, Stanisław Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: B. Jankowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Meat Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: K. Demska-Zakęś Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ichthyology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Title: Effect of different dietary lipid levels on growth performance, slaughter yield, chemical composition, and histology of liver and intestine of pikeperch, Sander lucioperca Abstract: In this study, 16-month-old pikeperch, Sander lucioperca, (initial body weight 280 g) were fed three diets with different lipid levels with the aim of determining the impact on the growth performance, hepatic and intestinal histological structure, chemical composition, and slaughter yield of this species. The fish were fed isoproteinaceous feeds (450 g protein/kg feed) containing 60 g lipids/kg feed (group F6), 100 g lipids/kg feed (group F10) and 180 g lipids/kg feed (group F18). No significant differences were noted among the treatment groups in body weight gain and in the feeding coefficients of experimental feeds (P > 0. 05). In the group of fish administered the diet with the lowest lipid content (group F6), the share of skinned fillet in the whole body weight was the highest (48% vs. 43% in group F18) (P < 0.05). No significant differences among groups were confirmed in the relative values of the viscera weight (4.8-5.8%) (P > 0.05). The highest values of the size of hepatocytes and their nuclei, intestinal cells, supranuclear vacuoles of enterocytes, and the degree of vacuolization in hepatocytes were determined in group F18 (P < 0.05), indicating histopathological changes. The highest body and viscera lipid contents were noted in individuals from group F18 (P < 0.05). The high lipid content in the viscera of fish from this group was linked to the significantly lowest content of protein and ash. The levels of lipids, protein, and ash were similar (P > 0.05) in the pikeperch fillets from the three feeding treatments. The levels of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFA) in the whole fish body, in the viscera and fillets (P < 0.05) were the significantly highest in group F18. Significant differences in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) among the groups were confirmed in the whole fish body and viscera (P < 0.05), while the values in the fillets were similar (P > 0.05). The n-3/n-6 index for the fish fillets ranged from 2.4 (group F18) to 4.7 (group F6) (P < 0.05). The levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 HUFA), arachidonic acid (ARA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in the fillets of fish from the three dietary treatments were similar (P > 0.05). The fillets of fish from group F6, however, had the lowest levels of linolenic and linoleic acid (ALA and LA) and the highest levels of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (P < 0.05). Keywords: percid fish, lipid, slaughter yield, histology, body composition Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 136-149 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/1298-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1298-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201103-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:56:y:2011:i:3:id:1298-CJAS