Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Kaczmarczyk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: M. Luczynski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: P. Brzuzan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Environmental Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Title: Genetic variation in three paddlefish (Polyodon spathula Walbaum) stocks based on microsatellite DNA analysis Abstract: There are two stocks of American paddlefish Polyodon spathula in Poland, one in Pogorze and the other in Wasosze. These stocks were established from small quantities of eggs imported from the USA in 1995. In this study, we examined genetic variation at seven microsatellite loci in adult fish from the two Polish farms and one stock farmed in Gorny Tykich in Ukraine. Our data were compared with those reported for one native population from the Mississippi River (USA). The polymorphism of examined loci varied in the Polish and Ukrainian stocks, showing 25-30 alleles across each stock (3.6-4.3 alleles per locus), though they were less polymorphic than those in the Mississippi (49 across the population, 7.0 per locus). The mean observed heterozygosity per locus estimated in Polish stocks (0.59-0.60) was comparable to that found in the Mississippi (0.68). The Garza-Williamson index and values of the heterozygosity excesses revealed a reduction of genetic variation in all the three European stocks (probably resulting from bottleneck or founder effect). Finally, genetic distance measurements confirmed a closer relationship between Pogorze and Wasosze (FST = 0.007) stocks than between these two Polish stocks and that from Ukraine (FST = 0.096 and FST = 0.054). Keywords: broodstocks, aquaculture, founder effect, genetic distance, genetic variation Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 345-352 Volume: 57 Issue: 8 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/6269-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6269-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201208-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:57:y:2012:i:8:id:6269-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Jóźwik Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding PAS in Jastrzębiec, Wólka Kosowska near Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: N. Strzałkowska Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding PAS in Jastrzębiec, Wólka Kosowska near Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: E. Bagnicka Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding PAS in Jastrzębiec, Wólka Kosowska near Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: W. Grzybek Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding PAS in Jastrzębiec, Wólka Kosowska near Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: J. Krzyżewski Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding PAS in Jastrzębiec, Wólka Kosowska near Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: E. Poławska Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding PAS in Jastrzębiec, Wólka Kosowska near Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: A. Kołataj Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding PAS in Jastrzębiec, Wólka Kosowska near Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: J.O. Horbańczuk Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding PAS in Jastrzębiec, Wólka Kosowska near Warsaw, Poland Title: Relationship between milk yield, stage of lactation, and some blood serum metabolic parameters of dairy cows Abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of milk yield and stage of lactation on the activity of liver enzymes, cholesterol, and vitamin C concentration in blood of milking cows. The experiment was carried out on Polish Holstein-Friesian Black and White dairy cows with two different milk yield levels: M - medium (about 7000 kg per lactation) and H - high (about 10 000 kg per lactation). In blood serum, AST, ALT, GGT, CHOL, and vitamin C were estimated. The AST and ALT activities in the blood serum were lower in M group than in H group, however within M and H groups there were no differences in both aminotransferases activity between the 60th and the 200th day of lactation. Differences in GGT activity (P ≤ 0.01), CHOL (P ≤ 0.05), and vitamin C level (P ≤ 0.01) in blood serum were found between both stages of lactation. Negative correlations between vitamin C level with somatic cell count and milk yield traits were observed, that may indicate an increase in oxidative processes in high-yielding dairy cows. The achieved results may be used in diagnostics and/or evaluation of herds from the point of view of biochemical and pathophysiological processes. Keywords: cow milk, aminotransferase, cholesterol, vitamin C Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 353-360 Volume: 57 Issue: 8 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/6270-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6270-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201208-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:57:y:2012:i:8:id:6270-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Pavlata Author-Workplace-Name: Ruminant and Swine Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Mišurová Author-Workplace-Name: Ruminant and Swine Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Pechová Author-Workplace-Name: Ruminant and Swine Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Dvořák Author-Workplace-Name: Ruminant and Swine Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Comparison of organic and inorganic forms of selenium in the mother and kid relationship in goats Abstract: The goal of the experiment was to compare the effect of four different forms of selenium (Se) - sodium selenite (SS), lactate-protein selenium complex (SL), selenium enriched yeast (SY), and selenium-proteinate (SP) supplemented to pregnant goats on Se concentration and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in the blood of goats on the day of delivery and also on Se concentration and GSH-Px activity in the blood of newborn kids. The experiment involved 33 pregnant goats of White Short-haired breed. The supplementation started 6 weeks before the parturition. The goats were divided into 5 groups: control group C, not supplemented, and 4 trial groups (SL, SP, SS, SY), which received Se in the above stated forms by the means of supplemented pellets (300 g per animal per day) at a rate 900 μg Se/kg of dry matter. The average Se concentrations in the blood of the goats were 79.6 μg/l in group C, 152.6 μg/l in group SL, 167.1 μg/l in group SP, 144.9 μg/l in group SS, and 152.9 μg/l in group SY. Selenium concentrations in all 4 trial groups were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than in control group, however no significant difference was found between individual trial groups. Likewise, the activity of GSH-Px in goat blood increased significantly in all supplemented groups compared to the controls; however we did not discover any significant differences in activity of GSH-Px between the individual selenium-supplemented groups. The Se concentrations in the blood of kids were significantly (P < 0.01) higher in the selenium-supplemented groups (SL - 94.9 μg/l, SP - 87.5 μg/l, SS - 87.6 μg/l, SY - 92.5 μg/l) than in the control group (C - 49.4 μg/l), but we did not discover any differences between the individual experimental groups. The activity of GSH-Px in the blood of the kids tended towards higher values in the supplemented groups than in the control group, but the values were significantly higher (P < 0.05) only in groups SY and SL. We have found significant correlation between GSH-Px activity and Se concentration in the blood of goats (r = 0.86) and newborn kids (r = 0.95). Likewise, there was significant correlation between Se concentration in the blood of goats and their kids (r = 0.74). We discovered that the kids are reaching physiologically only about 60% of Se status in whole blood in comparison with their mothers. Our results are suggesting that all the above forms of Se were similarly utilised and transferred into the foetus in the goats. Keywords: selenium-proteinate, selenium lactate-protein complex, sodium selenite, selenium-yeast, glutathione peroxidase, organic selenium, inorganic selenium, selenomethionine Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 361-369 Volume: 57 Issue: 8 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/6271-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6271-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201208-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:57:y:2012:i:8:id:6271-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Jarinkovičová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Máchal Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Máchal Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Filipčík Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Tůmová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Horský Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Relationship of ejaculate quality and selected biochemical parameters of blood in cockerels of three laying lines Abstract: Ejaculates and blood plasma were sampled from cocks of three laying lines: Barred Plymouth Rock (BPR), Sussex Light (SU), and Rhode Island Red (RIR). Ejaculates and blood plasma were sampled four times during the laying period of hens. The following ejaculate parameters were determined: sperm motility, concentrations of sperm cells, ejaculate volume. Sperm morphology was examined. In the blood samples, concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium were analysed. The motility of spermatozoa of the cocks was 47.0% (BPR), 47.7% (RIR), and 48.3% (SU), respectively. The highest volume of ejaculate was found in BPR line (0.66 cm3), the lowest one in SU line (0.46 cm3, P ≤ 0.01); the highest sperm concentration was in SU line (2.46 × 106/mm3), the lowest one in RIR line (1.96 × 106/mm3, P ≤ 0.01). The number of morphologically abnormal sperm cells was similar in all lines - 47.0% BPR, 47.7% RIR, and 48.3% SU, respectively. In general, the occurrence of defective spermatozoa was high in all three lines; the most frequent were tail defects (from 20.3 to 29.7%), while sperm cells with developmental anomalies were less frequent (only 0.3 to 0.4%). Calculated phenotypic correlation between sperm motility on the one hand and the occurrence of defective sperm cells on the other was negative (rp = -0.28, P ≤ 0.01), as well as the correlation between sperm motility and sperm numbers, and between sperm motility and ejaculate volume (rp = -0.28, P ≤ 0.01 and rp = -0.31, P ≤ 0.01, respectively). Negative correlations were found between the level of magnesium in blood plasma and numbers of morphologically defective spermatozoa in the ejaculate, defective heads and defective connecting pieces (rp = -0.33, P ≤ 0.01; rp = -0.23, P ≤ 0.05; and rp = -0.26, P ≤ 0.05). Level of magnesium was positively correlated to sperm motility (rp = 0.26, P ≤ 0.05). However, positive correlations existed between concentration of glucose in blood plasma of cocks and numbers of morphologically defective spermatozoa in sampled ejaculates (rp = 0.27, P ≤ 0.01). Our finding is in accordance with the results found in mammals and other animals, and it shows an important role of magnesium as a key contributor to the quality of ejaculate in aviary species, in our case in laying lines of domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus). Keywords: cocks, ejaculate, blood plasma, pathological sperms, glucose, magnesium, biochemical criteria Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 370-376 Volume: 57 Issue: 8 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/6272-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6272-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201208-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:57:y:2012:i:8:id:6272-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Ziaullah Author-Workplace-Name: Pet Centre, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: A. Ijaz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: M. Aleem Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Theriogenology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: A.K. Mahmood Author-Workplace-Name: Pet Centre, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: H. Rehman Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: S. Bhatti Author-Workplace-Name: Pet Centre, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Author-Name: U. Farooq Author-Workplace-Name: University College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan Author-Name: M.U. Sohail Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan Title: Optimal inclusion level of butylated hydroxytoluene in semen extender improves the quality of post-thawed canine sperm Abstract: The study was conducted to evaluate the potential cryoprotective effect of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) through post-thaw evaluation of canine semen and its optimal inclusion level. Ejaculated canine semen was extended in TRIS-glucose egg yolk extender containing various concentrations of BHT (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5mM). Semen was frozen at -196°C using 200 × 106 spermatozoa per 0.5 ml straws and post-thaw evaluation was carried out in terms of sperm motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity, and acrosomal integrity through phase-contrast microscope, supravital staining, hypo-osmotic swelling test, and normal acrosomal ridge, respectively. BHT was found to improve (P > 0.005) all post-thawed semen quality parameters at an inclusion level of 1.0mM in the extended semen. However, higher concentrations than this were found to have detrimental effects. Keywords: canine, butylated hydroxytoluene, cryopreservation, sperm quality Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 377-381 Volume: 57 Issue: 8 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/6273-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6273-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201208-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:57:y:2012:i:8:id:6273-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H. Mohammadi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Author-Name: M. Moradi Shahrebabak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Author-Name: H. Moradi Sharebabak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Author-Name: M. Vatankhah Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Agriculture and Natural Resources Research Centre, Shahrekord, Iran Title: Estimation of genetic parameters of reproductive traits in Zandi sheep using linear and threshold models Abstract: Genetic parameters for reproductive traits in Zandi sheep were estimated from data records of 5025 lambs from 178 sires and 1967 dams collected between the years 1993 and 2010 using ASReml statistical package. Genetic parameters were estimated for four basic and two composite traits. Year of lambing and age of ewe were used as fixed effects. Due to repeated record of ewe animal direct genetic effects and permanent environmental effects were considered random. The heritability estimates for conception rate, number of lambs born, number of lambs born alive, number of lambs alive at weaning, number of lambs born per ewe exposed, and number of lambs weaned per ewe exposed were low with linear model - 0.05, 0.14, 0.12, 0.09, 0.05, and 0.04 respectively while the estimates resulting from threshold analysis were 0.11, 0.19, 0.14, 0.16, 0.12, and 0.11, respectively. Estimates of heritabilities for animal genetic and permanent environmental effects were low mainly due to the typical strong influence of environmental factors on reproductive traits. Estimates of repeatabilities for animal permanent environmental effects were low to medium by linear analysis, and medium by threshold analysis. These estimates of genetic parameters may provide a basis for deriving selection indexes for reproductive traits. Keywords: reproductive traits, genetic parameters, linear model, threshold model, Zandi sheep Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 382-388 Volume: 57 Issue: 8 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/6274-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6274-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201208-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:57:y:2012:i:8:id:6274-CJAS