Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Index Author Title: Volume 57, Contents Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: I-V Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/6416-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6416-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:57:y:2012:i:12:id:6416-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Tůmová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: R.M. Gous Author-Workplace-Name: University of KwaZulu Natal, Scottsville, South Africa Title: Interaction between oviposition time, age, and environmental temperature and egg quality traits in laying hens and broiler breeders Abstract: An experiment with laying hens and broiler breeders of two ages (young 22 vs. 36 weeks, old 83 vs. 64 weeks) and at temperatures of 20 and 28°C was carried out to evaluate the interactions between oviposition time (7:30; 11:30, and 15:30 h), age, and temperature on the one hand and egg quality on the other. A significant interaction (P ≤ 0.011) was determined in oviposition time. The highest number (25.8%) of eggs was laid at 7:30 h by young laying hens kept at 20°C and the lowest (3.7%) by young layers at 15:30 h kept in the same temperature. Time of oviposition was delayed by age and a higher temperature. Egg weight was significantly influenced by production type (P ≤ 0.001; 60.5 vs. 68.1 g), age (P ≤ 0.001; 59.4 vs. 69.3 g), oviposition (P ≤ 0.001; 66.5, 63.7, 62.8 g), and temperature (P ≤ 0.022; 65.1 vs. 63.6 g). The significant three-way interaction of age, oviposition, and temperature in Haugh unit score (P ≤ 0.013) and four-way interaction of production type, age, oviposition, and temperature (P ≤ 0.05) in specific gravity show that rather than by a single factor the valuable characteristics of egg quality are considerably affected by a combination of factors. Keywords: hen, production type, age, temperature, oviposition Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 541-549 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/6411-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6411-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201212-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:57:y:2012:i:12:id:6411-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Aparicio-Cecilio Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico Author-Name: J. Bouda Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico Author-Name: E.G. Salgado-Hernández Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico Author-Name: L. Núñez-Ochoa Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico Author-Name: D.A. Castillo-Mata Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico Author-Name: A. Gutiérrez-Chávez Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Medicine, Life Sciences Division, CIS, Guanajuato University, Guanajuato, Mexico Title: Effect of 2-methyl-2-phenoxy propionic acid on serum lipid profile and ovarian activity in dairy cows Abstract: Hepatic lipidosis and ketosis are frequent metabolic disorders in dairy cows during the transition period. The 2-methyl-2-phenoxy propionic acid (MFPA) is an activator of energy metabolism. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of administration of MFPA 10 days prepartum to day 36 postpartum on serum lipid profile, ovarian reactivity, and milk yield. Fifty seven multiparous Holstein cows were divided into four groups. The groups 1 (n = 14) and 2 (n = 14) had body condition score (BCS) above 4; BCS of the groups 3 (n = 15) and 4 (n = 14) was between 3.25 and 3.75 at calving. The solution containing 10 mg/kg MFPA was injected intramuscularly (IM) to cows of groups 1 and 3, 10-7 days prepartum and 6 h postpartum. The groups 2 and 4 received 50 ml of 0.9% NaCl as placebo in the same way. Blood samples for serum lipid profile were collected from all cows 10 days before calving without treatment, 2 days after the first administration of MFPA and postpartum at days 2, 10, and 21 after the second administration of MFPA. At days 21, 24, 27, 30, 33, and 36 postpartum, blood samples were obtained for plasma progesterone determination. Milk yield was registered daily during 60 days postpartum. Prepartum free fatty acids (FFA) were mildly increased without difference among all the groups (P > 0.05). b-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) was increased only at day 10 after calving in cows of group 1 treated with MFPA (P < 0.05) due to higher number of postpartum diseases. In cows from groups 3 and 4 (BCS normal), BHB was mildly increased, not indicating subclinical ketosis. The serum concentrations of triacylgycerols, cholesterol, albumin, activities of aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase were within the limits of reference values, indicating adequate liver integrity and function. Cows of normal BCS treated with MFPA presented better milk production but without significant difference among four groups (P > 0.05). Ovarian reactivity was present at day 21 in all groups of cows without difference (P > 0.05). The administration of MFPA had no effect on serum lipid profile and ovarian activity in this study. Keywords: ketosis, PPARs, blood biochemistry, milk production, transition cow Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 550-556 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/6412-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6412-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201212-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:57:y:2012:i:12:id:6412-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Zelenka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Allometric growth of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, and potassium in slow- and fast-growing young chickens Abstract: Allometric growth of body macrominerals was examined in slow-growing laying-type cockerels (SG) and in fast-growing male broiler hybrids (FG) during the growing period from hatch to day 22. Allometric coefficients for dry matter, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, and potassium in relation to body weight were 1.091, 1.427, 1.383, 1.284, 0.843, and 1.097 for SG chickens and 1.075, 1.276, 1.233, 1.216, 0.943, and 1.144 for FG chickens, respectively. Allometric coefficients describing the relationships of Ca, P, Mg, Na, and K with dry matter weight were 1.302, 1.260, 1.172, 0.772, and 0.998 for SG chickens and 1.185, 1.143, 1.127, 0.878, and 1.059 for FG chickens, respectively. High allometric coefficients for Ca, P, and Mg in both genotypes likely indicate a rapid growth of skeletal tissues which requires an adequate mineral nutrition during this period of growth. The deposition of Ca and P relative to dry matter was higher (P < 0.05) and that of Na lower (P < 0.01) in SG chickens thus suggesting that the relative growth of these minerals may be affected by genotype. Keywords: age, growth rate, chemical allometry, Ca, Mg, P, Na, and K retention Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 557-561 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/6413-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6413-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201212-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:57:y:2012:i:12:id:6413-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Rajmon Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Šichtař Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Vostrý Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Řehák Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Title: Ovarian follicle growth dynamics during the postpartum period in Holstein cows and effects of contemporary cyst occurrence Abstract: The indicators of follicle development with regard to the growth wave order, the first ovulation, animal parity, and also with regard to the simultaneous presence or absence of a follicular cyst were determined in cows in the course of 60 days postpartum. Follicular dynamics were monitored daily by ultrasonography. The animals were assigned to three groups based on the time of the 1st ovulation: G1 (n = 9) - the 1st dominant follicle (DF) ovulated, G2 (n = 10) - ovulation occurred on the 2nd or later follicular waves, and G3 (n = 5) - no ovulation occurred during the experimental period. G1 animals showed better fertility later (no cyst, less days open, P = 0.07, less hormonal treatment, P = 0.008). The rhythm of follicular wave development was generally similar in all the animals (based on emergence of the first follicular wave, the interval from emergence to deviation, and the number of all follicular waves). Nevertheless, emergence of follicular waves and deviation occurred by 0.5-0.9 day earlier in primiparous than in multiparous cows and in G1 vs. G2, or G3, respectively (in all P < 0.05). DF development was independent of parity as well as group effects, but the maximum size and growth rate (1.2 vs. 0.8 cm/day, P < 0.05) were higher in ovulatory follicles (OF) than in regressive ones (rDF). The presence of a growing cyst decreased the probability of rDF as well as OF development (P < 0.0001). The OF growth rate was faster in the milieu of a stagnating cyst than without any cyst (P < 0.04). Therefore, the development of follicles was dramatically suppressed beyond, but nor before, deviation in the milieu of a growing cyst. Cessation of the cyst growth accelerated the development of OFs. On the contrary, a cystic structure without any significant growth can persist for weeks with no effect on successful follicular development. Keywords: cow, postpartum, ovary, follicular wave, dominant follicle, cyst Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 562-572 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/6414-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6414-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201212-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:57:y:2012:i:12:id:6414-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Charuta Author-Workplace-Name: Vertebrates Morphology Department, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland Author-Name: R.G. Cooper Author-Workplace-Name: Eurohouse, Dog Kennel Lane, Walsall, UK Author-Name: M. Pierzchała Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding PAS, Jastrzębiec, Poland Author-Name: J.O. Horbańczuk Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding PAS, Jastrzębiec, Poland Title: Computed tomographic analysis of tibiotarsal bone mineral density and content in turkeys as influenced by age and sex Abstract: Changes in the volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of tibiotarsal bones of growing turkeys as affected by birds' age, sex, and within-the-bone location, respectively, were determined by computed tomography. The research was performed on 165 heavy-type BIG 6 turkeys reared between weeks (wk) 3-16 of age. The computed tomography (pQCT) measurement, conducted at 18 and 50% of the bone length, comprised a bone fragment which was 0.07 mm thick for the compact and the spongious substance collectively. It should be noted that the diaphyses of the tibiotarsal bones in turkeys (580 mg/cm3) had greater vBMD than the proximal metaphyses (300 mg/cm3), (P ≤ 0.001). BMC was higher in metaphyses for both sexes. Significant differences between the BMC of the metaphyses and the diaphyses were observed in males and females at wk 3 (P ≤ 0.01), 6 (P ≤ 0.05), and 9 (P ≤ 0.001), and at wk 3 (P ≤ 0.05) and 12 (P ≤ 0.01), respectively. vBMD in the diaphyses gradually attenuated with age for both sexes, from 688 mg/cm3 (wk 3) to 532 mg/cm3 (wk 16). vBMD of the metaphyses was constant in females, but in males it achieved maximum values of 350 mg/cm3 at wk 6 and 12 and minimum of 260 mg/cm3 at wk 9 and 16. Correlations between body weight (BW) and vBMD of the diaphyses were observed in males (r = -0.85, P ≤ 0.001) and females (r = -0.52, P ≤ 0.01). It can be concluded that vBMD loss in diaphyses diminished bone-breaking strength leading in investigated turkeys to deformities and bone fractures. Keywords: volumetric bone mineral density, bone mineral content, tibiotarsal bone, turkey, mineralisation, computed tomography Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 573-580 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2012 DOI: 10.17221/6415-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6415-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201212-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:57:y:2012:i:12:id:6415-CJAS