Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Mészáros Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Livestock Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: O. Kadlečík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: R. Kasarda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: J. Sölkner Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Livestock Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria Title: Analysis of longevity in the Slovak Pinzgau population - extension to the animal model Abstract: Breeding values for length of productive life in Slovak Pinzgau cattle were estimated using survival analysis. As the results were corrected for milk production, the final breeding values represented the ability of cows to avoid culling from reasons other than milk production. In addition to the relative milk yield, the risk of culling was also studied in connection with the herd and year of calving, parity and stage of lactation, herd size change and age at the first calving. Among the fixed effects, the low milk production, high age at the first calving, and decreasing herd size were associated with increased risk of culling. The risk was non-linear for parity × stage of lactation classes, decreasing within the first parity and increasing during later parities. Two genetic random effects were considered in separate models: the sire of the cow and the animal itself, both with the corresponding pedigree records up to the third generation. The genetic effects were estimated in separate runs, but the rest of the model remained unchanged. Heritability was h2 = 0.08 for sire model, confirming the results of an earlier study in the Slovak Pinzgau population. The computational feasibility of the animal model for estimation of breeding values for cows was confirmed in this study. The new breeding values could be computed for each cow, accounting for all relationships within the population. The estimated heritability for the animal model was h2 = 0.11, which should be used later on for animal breeding purposes. Keywords: Pinzgau cattle, survival analysis, breeding value, genetic variability, reliability, heritability Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 289-295 Volume: 58 Issue: 7 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/6858-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6858-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201307-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:58:y:2013:i:7:id:6858-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Kalač Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Agriculture, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Title: Fresh and ensiled forages as a source of estrogenic equol in bovine milk: a review Abstract: Isoflavan equol has recently been assessed in human nutrition as a potent estrogen with various health benefits. It is produced by intestinal microflora from isoflavones (IF) formononetin and daidzein. These dietary precursors are present particularly in soy products. However, only 20-35% of the Western adult population is capable of producing equol from the ingested IF. Cow's milk was proved to be an important source of equol produced from the IF in the rumen and intestines. Among forages, red clover (Trifolium pratense) is by far the most important source of both the IF. Their contents in fresh red clover forage are affected by variety and by several environmental factors. Leaves have the highest IF contents. Available data on changes in IF contents during wilting, drying, and ensiling are ambiguous. Content of equol in milk produced by dairy cows fed fresh or ensiled red clover can be at the level of several hundreds μg per litre. Keywords: phytoestrogens, isoflavones, red clover, silage Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 296-303 Volume: 58 Issue: 7 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/6859-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6859-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201307-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:58:y:2013:i:7:id:6859-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Johansson Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden Author-Name: O. Placha Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden Author-Name: J. Pickova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden Author-Name: A. Andrén Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden Author-Name: G. Zamaratskaia Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden Author-Name: E. Spörndly Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Kungsängen Research Centre, Uppsala, Sweden Author-Name: M. Åkerstedt Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden Title: Impact of crude protein content in silage and concentrate on protein and fatty acid profiles in bovine milk Abstract: Two concentrates, one protein-rich and one based on cereals, were combined with two silages with a crude protein content of 17 and 13% of dry matter (DM), respectively to give four different diets for dairy cows. Milk content of caseins (αS1-, αS2-, β-, and κ-casein) and whey proteins (α-lactalbumin (α-LA) and β-lactoglobulin (β-LG)) and the fatty acid profile of milk were analyzed before the start and on four occasions during the experiment. Milk analyses showed that diet had no influence on the protein profile of the milk. However, a significant increase of α-linolenic acid, 13 and 39%, was obtained on the high protein concentrate feed and on the silage higher in crude protein, respectively. Cows on the protein-rich concentrate diet increased the proportion of conjugated linoleic acid by 53%. Linoleic acid was not affected by the diet. Keywords: milk proteins, feed protein, clover, casein, CLA, α -linolenic acid, capillary electrophoresis Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 304-312 Volume: 58 Issue: 7 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/6860-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6860-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201307-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:58:y:2013:i:7:id:6860-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Shaliutina-Kolešová Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Water, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Gazo Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Water, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Cosson Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Water, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: O. Linhart Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Water, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Title: Comparison of oxidant and antioxidant status of seminal plasma and spermatozoa of several fish species Abstract: Oxidant and antioxidant activity in seminal plasma was compared with that in spermatozoa of teleost (common carp Cyprinus carpio and brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis) and chondrostean (Russian sturgeon Acipenser gueldenstaedtii, Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii, and sterlet Acipenser ruthenus) fishes. No differences were found between seminal plasma and spermatozoa in the level of thiobarbituric-acid-reactive substance (0.24 ± 0.08 to 0.33 ± 0.04 nmol/mg proteins) in Russian sturgeon, Siberian sturgeon, and sterlet. Carbonyl protein concentration was significantly higher in spermatozoa than in seminal plasma of all studied species. Analyzed antioxidants included superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase activity. Significant differences (P < 0.05) were detected between seminal plasma and spermatozoa in total superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR). Total glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity was significantly higher in brook trout (12.56 ± 3.23 mU/mg proteins) and Russian sturgeon (11.56 ± 3.12 mU/mg proteins) spermatozoa compared to seminal plasma (6.81 ± 1.56 mU/mg proteins in brook trout and 9.56 ± 3.12 mU/mg proteins in Russian sturgeon). This study provides new data on oxidant and antioxidant balance between spermatozoa and seminal plasma that may be of value in the development of methods for artificial reproduction of teleost and chondrostean species. Keywords: antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress, fish sperm Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 313-320 Volume: 58 Issue: 7 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/6861-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6861-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201307-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:58:y:2013:i:7:id:6861-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: X.P. An Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: J.X. Hou Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: H.B. Zhao Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: L. Bai Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: J.Y. Peng Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: C.M. Zhu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Q.M. Yan Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Y.X. Song Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: J.G. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: B.Y. Cao Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Title: Polymorphism identification in goat DGAT1 and STAT5A genes and association with milk production traits Abstract: Polymorphisms of DGAT1 and STAT5A genes in Xinong Saanen and Guanzhong goat breeds were investigated. PCR-RFLP, SSCP, and DNA sequencing were used to identify three SNPs: DQ380250:g.407_408insC in the DGAT1 gene, AJ237937:g.6798C>T and g.6852C>T in the STAT5A gene. In DGAT1 g.407_408insC locus, the frequencies of C- allele were 0.79-0.85, and frequencies of C+ allele were 0.21-0.15. At STAT5A g.6852C>T locus, frequencies of C allele were 0.70-0.72, and frequencies of T allele were 0.30-0.28. Compared with goats with DGAT1 C-C-, those with C-C+ genotype had greater milk fat (P < 0.05). The goats with STAT5A CT had greater milk yield than those with CC genotype (P < 0.05). The results showed that does with C-C-CT and C-C+CT yielded more milk than those with C-C-CC(P < 0.05). In addition, does with C-C+CT had the highest milk fat in comparison with other combination genotypes (P < 0.05). Keywords: milk yield, fat percentage, dairy goat, SNP, PCR-RFLP, SSCP, additive effect Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 321-327 Volume: 58 Issue: 7 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/6862-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6862-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201307-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:58:y:2013:i:7:id:6862-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Czauderna Author-Workplace-Name: The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jabłonna, Poland Author-Name: J. Kowalczyk Author-Workplace-Name: The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jabłonna, Poland Author-Name: M. Marounek Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Selenite and selenate affect the fatty acid profile in in vitro incubated ovine ruminal fluid containing linseed oil Abstract: The influence of selenite (SeIV) or selenate (SeVI) added to ovine ruminal fluid containing linseed oil (LO) on the profile of fatty acids (FA), particularly conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers, was investigated. The ruminal fluid was incubated in vitro at 39°C under CO2 either alone (the control fluid) or with LO (3.3 mg/ml) or with a combination of LO with either a low (0.167 μg/ml) or high (1.67 μg/ml) level of Se as SeIV or SeVI. LO added to ruminal fluids also provides an extra source of energy. The tubes with the examined fluids were removed after 0, 6, 12, 18, or 24 h of in vitro incubation and then analyzed to determine the FA levels. The lower and higher concentration of SeIV in the fluids with the LO revealed negligible effect on the concentration of the sum of the CLA isomers (∑CLA) in the fluid compared with the fluid with LO alone. The addition of a higher amount of SeIV to the fluid containing LO usually decreased the concentration of ∑CLA compared with the fluid containing the lower concentration of SeIV and LO. The concentration of c9t11c15C18:3 (cLNA) in the fluids with LO, irrespective of the presence of extra Se, increased throughout the incubations, although the addition of SeIV or SeVI to the fluids containing LO numerically reduced the increase of the concentration of cLNA compared with the fluid with LO alone. The concentration sum of the C18:1 isomers (ΣC18:1) in the control fluid numerically decreased throughout the incubations, while LO added to the fluid increased the concentration of ΣC18:1 throughout the incubations. LO added to the fluid, irrespective of the presence of SeIV or SeVI, significantly increased the concentration of ΣC18:1 compared with the control fluid and the fluids with SeIV or SeVI. The concentrations of C16:0 and C18:0 in the control fluid and the fluids containing SeIV or SeVI numerically increased throughout the incubations and were usually lower than in the fluids containing LO without or with SeIV or SeVI. The concentration of C18:3n-3 decreased throughout the incubation of the fluids containing LO, irrespective of the presence of SeIV or SeVI. LO added to the fluids, irrespective of the presence of SeIV or SeVI, increased the concentration of C18:2n-6 compared with the control fluid and the fluids with SeIV or SeVI. The higher concentration of SeIV or SeVI in the fluid with LO most efficiently increased the concentration of c5c8c11c14c17C20:5 compared with the control fluid or the fluids containing LO, irrespective of the presence of the lower concentration of SeIV or SeVI. LO added to the fluid, irrespective of the presence of SeIV or SeVI, increased the concentration of polyunsaturated FA compared with the control fluid or the fluids containing SeIV or SeVI. Keywords: vegetable oil, selenium, biohydrogenation, bacterial isomerization, cis-trans fatty acids, conjugated linoleic acid isomers Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 328-341 Volume: 58 Issue: 7 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/6863-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6863-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201307-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:58:y:2013:i:7:id:6863-CJAS