Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Sokolowska-Mikolajczyk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ichthyobiology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Krakow-Mydlniki, Poland Author-Name: D. Gajdzinski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ichthyobiology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Krakow-Mydlniki, Poland Author-Name: G. Gosiewski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ichthyobiology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Krakow-Mydlniki, Poland Author-Name: M. Socha Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ichthyobiology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Krakow-Mydlniki, Poland Title: Serotonin, GnRH-A, and dopamine interaction in the control of in vivo luteinizing hormone release in Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio Bloch) at the time of gonad recrudescence Abstract: The effects of serotonin (5-HT), GnRH analogue (D-Ala6 LHRH, GnRH-A) and dopamine antagonist - pimozide (PIM), on luteinizing hormone (LH) release in mature Prussian carp female (Carassius gibelio Bloch) were examined at the time of gonad recrudescence. Fish were intraperitoneally injected with 5-HT (10 mg/kg), GnRH-A (20 μg/kg) or PIM (5 mg/kg) or the combinations: 5-HT+GnRH-A, 5-HT+PIM, 5-HT+GnRH-A+PIM. Before the injection and 3, 6, 12 or 24 h after treatment blood samples were collected for LH levels determination by ELISA method. The analysis of LH concentrations, expressed as the percentage of pre-treatment, showed that serotonin alone had no influence on the spontaneous LH release, however the additive effects of serotonin and GnRH-A was observed. Serotonin potentiated the GnRH-A-stimulated LH release and potentiated also the effect of PIM. Extremely strong response to PIM and also to the combination with GnRH-A masked the participation of serotonin in the process of LH release in fish with recrudescing gonads. The interaction of serotonin GnRH-A and PIM in the control of LH release is discussed. Keywords: gonadotropin-releasing hormone analoque, LH, pimozide - dopamine antagonist, serotonin Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 45-51 Volume: 60 Issue: 2 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/7973-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7973-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201502-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:2:id:7973-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Skřivan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition Physiology and Animal Product Quality, Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: S.H. Pickinpaugh Author-Workplace-Name: Key Industry Engineering Group s.r.o, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Pavlů Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Weeds and Vegetation of Agroecosystems, Grassland Research Station Liberec, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Skřivanová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition Physiology and Animal Product Quality, Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Englmaierová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition Physiology and Animal Product Quality, Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Title: A mobile system for rearing meat chickens on pasture Abstract: The effect of grazing on the productive performance and meat quality was evaluated for chickens (Ross 308, n = 192). Chickens were kept in two pens on wooden shavings (2 × 96) from one day of age. On day 23 of age, one group was moved to a pasture and kept in a portable floorless pen with an area of 0.11 m2 per chicken. The field portion of the experiment was conducted from the 1st till the 18th of June 2013. A control group was kept in the original pen until the end of the experiment at 6 weeks of age. Both groups were fed the same pelleted feed ad libitum. For the pasture-reared group, the moveable shelter was moved twice daily around the pasture with a predominance of grass species. The herbage intake of chickens was indirectly assessed by compressed sward height measurement after each cage movement, which employed a rising plate-meter. In the pasture, chickens preferred grass over clover. There was no significant effect of grazing observed on chicken body weight. The mortality of chickens in the grazing group was lower than that in the control group. Pasture treatment improved meat flavour by 9% (P = 0.014), produced breast meat with significantly higher (P = 0.009) redness, and almost doubled the concentration of α-tocopherol (P < 0.001). There were no significant effects of grazing on the dry matter, fat, cholesterol or pH of the meat. The production of TBARS in the breast meat of the pasture group after storage at 4°C for 5 days was lower (P = 0.013) than that in the breast meat of the control chickens. Although the differences between K, Ca, P, Mg, and N concentrations in pasture and soil before and after grazing reached 20%, these differences were not significant. Keywords: Ross 308, free ranging, grazing, meat, vitamin E, TBA Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 52-59 Volume: 60 Issue: 2 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/7974-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7974-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201502-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:2:id:7974-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: W. Xue Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Discipline of Zoology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: W. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: School of Psychology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: B. Jin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: X. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Husbandry and Poultry Research, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: X. Xu Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Discipline of Zoology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, P.R. China Title: Association of the ADRB3, FABP3, LIPE, and LPL gene polymorphisms with pig intramuscular fat content and fatty acid composition Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes with fatness traits in the Longissimus dorsi muscle of pigs. The polymorphisms of genes were investigated, which included beta-3-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB3), heart fatty acid-binding protein gene (FABP3), and hormone-sensitive lipase gene (LIPE) as well as lipoprotein lipase gene (LPL). The intramuscular fat (IMF) content and fatty acid composition contents in Longissimus dorsi muscle samples were measured. Results showed that ADRB3, LIPE, and LPL SNPs were associated with IMF content (P < 0.05). ADRB3 AG heterozygotes exhibited higher IMF content. LIPE A allele was associated with greater IMF content. LPL CT heterozygotes exhibited the lowest IMF content. ADRB3 c.1192G>A had highly significant association with the total monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) (P < 0.01) and the total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (P < 0.01). LIPE c.442G>A was significantly associated with the contents of C12:0 and C14:0 (P < 0.05). LPL c.624C>T was significantly associated with the percentage of C16:1 (P < 0.05) and the percentage of total saturated fatty acid (SFA) (P < 0.05). The pigs with ADRB3 G allele had more MUFA, and the pigs with LPL T allele had less SFA, implying that the ADRB3 G and LPL T in pigs may be beneficial to human health. In conclusion, the results suggest that these genetic markers are important sources of the variations for the pork selection to obtain favourable meat with higher IMF levels and appropriate fatty acid composition. Keywords: fatty acid composition, IMF, Longissimus dorsi muscle, Duroc, Shanzhu Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 60-66 Volume: 60 Issue: 2 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/7975-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7975-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201502-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:2:id:7975-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Straková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Suchý Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Navrátil Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: T. Karel Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Statistics and Probability, Faculty of Informatics and Statistics, University of Economics Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Herzig Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Comparison of the content of crude protein and amino acids in the whole bodies of cocks and hens of Ross 308 and Cobb 500 hybrids at the end of fattening Abstract: Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and the content of individual amino acids (AA) were determined in the bodies of Ross 308 and Cobb 500 hybrids including feathers after 40 days of fattening. Percentages for the content of individual AA were then calculated from the total sums of AA. The level of CP, irrespective of sex, was 453.16 ± 5.916 g/kg of DM for the Ross and 470.94 ± 5.404 g/kg of DM for the Cobb hybrid (P ≤ 0.05). For both hybrids, the content of CP was significantly (P ≤ 0.01) higher for cocks as opposed to hens. The AA levels in DM, irrespective of sex, were higher in the Cobb hybrid except for Glu; it was significantly higher for Asp, Ser, Ala, Lys (P ≤ 0.01), and Thr and Arg (P ≤ 0.05). The values for the majority of AA were higher for cocks than for hens in both hybrids. For the majority of essential AA, significant (P ≤ 0.01; P ≤ 0.05) differences were recorded between sexes. For non-essential AA except for Ser and Ala, significantly (P ≤ 0.01; P ≤ 0.05) higher values were found in cocks. Of the total sums of AA in DM of Ross broilers, the largest presence (here and after in %) was that of Glu (14.92), followed by Leu (8.80), Asp (8.73), Gly (8.71), Arg (7.21), Val (6.33), and Pro (6.09). The lowest contents were those of Met (2.41) and His (3.28). For the Cobb hybrid, the AA were Glu (13.90), Asp (9.12), Gly (8.48), Leu (8.43), Arg (7.48), Lys (6.44), and Pro (6.09). The AA lowest contents were those of Met (2.30) and His (3.16). Keywords: broiler chickens, chemical analysis, essential amino acids, nonessential amino acids, AA spectrum Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 67-74 Volume: 60 Issue: 2 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/7976-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7976-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201502-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:2:id:7976-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: W. Jagusiak Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural University, Krakow, Poland Author-Name: A. Otwinowska-Mindur Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural University, Krakow, Poland Author-Name: E. Ptak Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural University, Krakow, Poland Author-Name: A. Żarnecki Author-Workplace-Name: National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland Title: Genetic correlations between type traits of young Polish Holstein-Friesian bulls and their daughters Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of young bulls' conformation scores in a national type evaluation system. For this purpose the genetic correlations between conformation traits of sires and the same type traits of their daughters were estimated. Young bulls were evaluated as required for registration in the herd book and for entering progeny testing. Data were 7 linearly scored (1-9 scale) and 3 descriptive (scored from 50 to 100) conformation traits of 933 young bulls born between 2005 and 2008, and the same traits evaluated in their 65 479 daughters. A two-trait animal model was used to estimate genetic correlations between the type traits of bulls and their daughters. (Co)variance components were estimated by a Bayesian method via Gibbs sampling. Two linear models were used: the linear model for bulls included fixed linear regressions on age at evaluation, fixed effects of herd and classifier, and random additive genetic effect; the linear model for cows contained fixed effects of herd-year-season-classifier, lactation stage, fixed linear regression on age at calving, and random additive genetic effect. Estimates of bulls' heritabilities for all analyzed traits ranged from 0.07 for feet and legs to 0.25 for body depth. Heritabilities of cows were the lowest for rear legs rear view (0.05) and foot angle (0.06), and the highest for size (0.43). The genetic correlations between similarly described traits of bulls and their daughters were moderate to high (0.42-0.91). The lowest genetic correlation (0.42) was for chest width, and the highest (0.91) for rump angle. The magnitude of genetic correlations between pairs of type traits of sires and daughters was high enough to suggest that the body conformation of dairy cows can be improved by making use of some measurements taken from young bulls. Including highly correlated bull scores for size, rump angle, and three linear leg traits in the evaluation system could improve the accuracy of type breeding value evaluation. Keywords: dairy cattle, conformation traits, genetic parameters Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 75-80 Volume: 60 Issue: 2 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/7977-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7977-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201502-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:2:id:7977-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Angrecka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Rural Building, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland Author-Name: P. Herbut Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Rural Building, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland Title: Conditions for cold stress development in dairy cattle kept in free stall barn during severe frosts Abstract: The impact of low temperatures combined with higher velocity of ventilated air in winter during severe frost in a free stall barn on the development of cold stress in Holstein-Friesian breed dairy cattle was studied. The study included measurements of outside and inside air parameters and cows' milk yield. Cold stress was evaluated in three technological groups (TG) using the WCT (Wind Chill Temperature) index. During the research, significant temperature and wind velocity differences (by up to 5°C and 0.5 m/s) were recorded in three zones of the barn occupied by the individual TG. All this resulted in different values of WCT. During most severe frosts lasting for 9 days, the average air temperature in the barn was -8.9°C (the lowest value was -17.3°C). The calculated average operative temperature for cows from all TG was as follows: -7.0°C for TG1, -11.1°C for TG2, and -12.3°C for TG3. It was also observed that animals from TG2 suffered from mild cold stress, which resulted in milk yield reduction by approximately 2 kg. It was concluded that there is a strong correlation (r = 0.72-0.89 with P < 0.05) between milk production and the WCT index. The measurements of most important microclimate parameters in the barn were conducted during winter seasons over the period of 2 years. They led to the conclusion that cattle kept in free stall barns are not vulnerable to the combination of low temperature and increased air movements. Research results of the present as well as of other authors were the basis for developing a table determining operative temperature for cows depending on the temperature of the environment and air movement velocity. Yet, the calculations and analysis of results show that there is a need to improve the applied calculation formula for operative temperature during cold weather. Keywords: winter, cows, wind chill, milk production, housing Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 81-87 Volume: 60 Issue: 2 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/7978-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7978-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201502-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:2:id:7978-CJAS