Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Garcia-Mengual Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Animal Technology Research, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Segorbe, Spain Author-Workplace-Name: Reproductive Genetics Unit, Sistemas Genómicos S.L., Parque Tecnológico de Valencia, Paterna, Spain Author-Name: M.A. Silvestre Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Animal Technology Research, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Segorbe, Spain Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Functional Biology and Physical Anthropology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain Author-Name: I. Salvador Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Animal Technology Research, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Segorbe, Spain Author-Name: A. Cebrian-Serrano Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Animal Technology Research, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Segorbe, Spain Author-Workplace-Name: Neurogenetics group, Center of Excellence Hearing4All, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany Author-Name: E. Garcia-Rosello Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Veterinary Science, CEU Cardenal Herrera University, Valencia, Spain Title: Male pronucleus formation after ICSI: effect of oocyte cysteine or sperm Triton X-100 treatments Abstract: In pigs, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) efficiency is still poor. The inadequate decondensation of the sperm chromatin, its transformation into the male pronucleus (MPN) together with the subsequent inability to activate the oocyte, seem to be the main causes of the low ICSI efficiency. In order to improve the MPN formation we took two different approaches. On the one hand, the in vitro culture (IVC) medium post-ICSI was supplemented with 1.71mM cysteine (CYS). Alternatively, the sperm membrane was digested with Triton X-100 (TX) before ICSI, to improve the exposure of the sperm chromatin to the oocyte cytoplasm. After 6 h post-ICSI, the activation rate was significantly higher in TX group (70.0%) compared with CYS and control groups (42.2% and 48.9%, respectively; P < 0.05). However, no significant differences between the three groups were observed in terms of the number of pronuclei, 2PN (oocytes with 2 pronuclei and no visible sperm), and 1PN + sperm (oocytes with 1 pronucleus and one sperm head). At 22 h post-ICSI, the activation rates were similar in TX, CYS, and control groups (73.1, 78.9, and 75.7%, respectively). In addition, we did not observe significant differences between TX, CYS, and control groups for the number of pronuclei, 2PN (52.6, 56.7, and 50%, respectively) or 1PN + sperm (21.1, 33.3, and 32.1%, respectively). While no cleavage was observed in the CYS group, no significant differences in the cleavage rate were observed between control (21.3%) and TX (10.5%) groups. In summary, and under our conditions, neither CYS supplement, nor sperm TX pre-treatment were able to improve MPN formation at 6 and 22 h post-ICSI. However, the sperm TX pre-treatment improved oocyte activation at 6 h post-ICSI, although 22 h post-ICSI such a beneficial effect did not persist. Keywords: porcine, assisted reproductive technology, pronuclear formation Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 241-249 Volume: 60 Issue: 6 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8237-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8237-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201506-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:6:id:8237-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Dzyuba Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Scientific-Research Institute of Biology, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine Author-Name: J. Cosson Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: B. Dzyuba Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Rodina Author-Workplace-Name: South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Title: Oxidative stress and motility in tench Tinca tinca spermatozoa Abstract: The attachment of the urinary bladder to the seminal duct near the anal aperture in tench constitutes a potential risk for urine contamination of sperm during collection, leading to spontaneous activation of sperm motility by urine hypotonicity. It was hypothesized that sperm hypotonic exposure can provoke oxidative stress which could be involved in sperm quality degradation. Our study aimed to describe spermatozoa motility parameters and levels of oxidative stress in activating media (AM) of differing osmolality. Tench sperm samples were collected from 6 males into Kurokura 180 immobilizing medium (IM) (180mM NaCl, 2.68mM KCl, 1.36mM CaCl2 2H2O, 2.38mM NaHCO3, 340 mOsm/kg). Motility was recorded in AM of 0 mOsm/kg or 100 mOsm/kg using video microscopy combined with stroboscopic illumination. Video records were analyzed to calculate spermatozoa curvilinear velocity (VCL), motility rate, and motility duration. The level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), measured by spectrophotometry, was used as an oxidative stress index. VCL and motility rate during the initial phase of motility (10 s post-activation) were not dependent on AM osmolality, while motility duration was significantly increased with 100 mOsm/kg AM. TBARS was significantly increased with reduction of AM osmolality. Increased TBARS was observed even at 5 s post-activation with AM of 0 mOsm/kg. These observations suggest that even a short period of sperm exposure to hypotonic conditions induces oxidative stress. Any contact of sperm with hypotonic urine during sperm collection should be avoided. The use of motility AM of moderate hypotonicity (≥ 100 mOsm/kg) is recommended for tench propagation. Keywords: tench sperm, activating medium osmolality, motility reactivation, lipid peroxidation intensity Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 250-262 Volume: 60 Issue: 6 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8238-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8238-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201506-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:6:id:8238-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: X.-G. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China Author-Name: J.-Y. Hong Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China Author-Name: G.-J. Yan Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China Author-Name: Y.-F. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China Author-Name: Q.-W. Li Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China Author-Name: J.-H. Hu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, P.R. China Title: Association of heat shock protein 70 with motility of frozen-thawed sperm in bulls Abstract: Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is considered as a gene which affects semen quality traits. The present study attempted to investigate the relationship between the HSP70 expression level and motility of bull sperm during the process of freezing-thawing. Semen samples were collected from 5 QinChuan bulls by artificial vagina. Sperm motility and plasma membrane integrity of the semen samples at three stages (fresh, after equilibration, and frozen-thawed) were evaluated. The HSP70 expression level at the three stages was detected using real-time PCR. The results indicated that HSP70 expression level, membrane integrity, and sperm motility in the fresh semen were higher than those of the sperm after equilibration and freezing-thawing (P < 0.05), the HSP70 expression level, plasma membrane integrity, and sperm motility in sperm after equilibration were higher than those of the frozen-thawed sperm (P < 0.05). The correlation between HSP70 expression level and sperm motility was positive (ranging from 0.327 to 0.785). The results suggest that HSP70 expression level in bull spermatozoa was gradually decreased following the process of freezing-thawing, and might be associated with bull sperm motility. Keywords: gene expression, cryopreservation, HSP70, sperm motility Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 256-262 Volume: 60 Issue: 6 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8239-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8239-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201506-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:6:id:8239-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Bauer Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Přibyl Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Vostrý Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Title: Contribution of domestic and Interbull records to reliabilities of single-step genomic breeding values in dairy cattle Abstract: The method of approximating reliabilities of genomic breeding values in the single-step genomic BLUP evaluation procedure of Misztal et al. (2013) was used to evaluate the increase in reliability of breeding values for milk production in dairy cattle brought about by the inclusion of genomic data. Three strategies for approximation of reliabilities were compared: using only domestic records from performance testing of cows in the Czech Holstein dairy cattle population, using the same records in combination with Interbull breeding values of sires expressed as deregressed proofs, and using only the Interbull breeding values of sires expressed as deregressed proofs. The highest average reliability of genomic breeding values was achieved by the strategy using both domestic and Interbull data, for which the approximated reliabilities of genotyped bulls increased by 0.063. This general increase in reliability of genomic breeding values was small due to the small number of reference bulls available for the study. The overall increase in reliabilities for the entire population of dairy cattle was low but detectable. That modest increase was partially dependent on the unfavourable ratio of the number of genotyped bulls to the size of the analyzed population. Inclusion of Interbull data dramatically increased the benefits of genotyping in our test case - a relatively small population with substantial genetic contributions of foreign genes. Keywords: data combining, genomic selection, reliability, single-step GBLUP Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 263-267 Volume: 60 Issue: 6 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8240-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8240-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201506-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:6:id:8240-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Soják Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Blaško Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: R. Kubinec Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: R. Górová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: A. Hengerics Szabó Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: P. Májek Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Margetín Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Production Research Centre Nitra, Lužianky, Slovak Republic Title: Time-dependent changes in milk fatty acid composition of ewes fed a winter ration supplemented with linseed or sunflower oils Abstract: The effects of adding sunflower and linseed oils to a standard winter ration with a lower concentrate content on the milk fatty acid composition in lactating ewes were investigated. Eighteen dairy ewes randomly chosen from the ewe flock were divided into three groups: the first group was fed a winter ration, the second one a winter ration supplemented with sunflower oil, and the third a winter ration supplemented with linseed oil for a period of 12 days. In the treatment groups, the concentrate was partially replaced by 3.0 g/100 g sunflower or linseed oils. Milk samples were taken daily from morning milking for the analysis of fatty acid composition to determine their temporal daily variations. The responses to sunflower oil compared with linseed oil addition after the end of experiment were slightly higher for conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) (P < 0.05), linoleic acid (P < 0.001), trans-10 18:1 (P < 0.001), 6:0 to 16:0 (P ≍ 0.05 - P < 0.001), whereas a higher content of α-linolenic acid (ALA) (3-fold) (P < 0.001), oleic acid (P < 0.001), and 18:0 (P < 0.001) was found in milk after linseed oil addition. The responses to both oil additions were relatively sustainable with regard to CLA, trans-11 18:1 (vaccenic acid, VA), and ALA content after the last 6 days of supplementation. The winter ration supplementation with sunflower or linseed oil led to a 3-fold increase in CLA milk fat content (0.6-2.0 or 1.8 g/100 g fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), P < 0.001) and a 3-fold increase in VA milk fat content (1.2-3.8 or 4.1 g/100 g FAME, P < 0.001), however the content of trans-10 18:1 was 5-6-fold higher, compared with unsupplemented winter ration. Plant oil supplementation enhanced the total content of CLA, VA, ALA by 5.0 and 3.9 g/100 g FAME (P < 0.001) for linseed and sunflower oil supplementation, and decreased the total content of 12:0, 14:0, and 16:0 by 9.3 and 5.8 g/100 g FAME (P < 0.001) compared to winter diet, respectively. Keywords: ewes' standard winter diet, supplementation of plant lipids, daily changes of milk fatty acid composition, CLA content Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 268-280 Volume: 60 Issue: 6 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8241-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8241-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201506-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:6:id:8241-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Yavarifard Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Author-Name: N. Ghavi Hossein-Zadeh Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Author-Name: A.A. Shadparvar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Title: Estimation of genetic parameters for reproductive traits in Mehraban sheep Abstract: Genetic parameters for basic and composite reproductive traits in Mehraban sheep were estimated. Data included 10 257 records on reproductive performances of 5813 lambs from 69 sires and 603 dams which were collected from 1994 to 2011 in the Mehraban breeding station in Hamedan province, western Iran. Studied traits were litter size at birth (LSB), litter size at weaning (LSW), litter mean weight per lamb born (LMWLB), litter mean weight per lamb weaned (LMWLW), total litter weight at birth (TLWB), and total litter weight at weaning (TLWW). Test of significance to include fixed effects in the statistical model was performed using the GLM procedure of SAS. Genetic parameters were estimated with univariate and bivariate repeatability animal models using WOMBAT program. Direct heritability estimates were 0.16, 0.14, 0.03, 0.16, 0.06, and 0.18 for LSB, LSW, LMWLB, LMWLW, TLWB, and TLWW, respectively, and corresponding repeatabilities were 0.02, 0.01, 0.73, 0.41, 0.27, and 0.03. The estimate for animal-dependent permanent environmental variance ranged from 0.01 ± 0.04 for LMWLW to 0.23 ± 0.04 for LSB. Genetic correlation estimates between traits ranged from -0.98 for LSB-LMWLW to 0.99 for LSB-TLWB. Phenotypic and environmental correlations were generally lower than genetic correlations. Phenotypic correlations ranged from -0.50 for LSB-LMWLB to 0.85 for LMWLW-TLWW. Environmental correlations ranged from -0.45 for LSB-LMWLB to 0.87 for LMWLW-TLWW. The results suggested that indirect selection based on TLWW could improve the reproductive performance in Mehraban ewes more effectively than if based on the other traits. Keywords: heritability, genetic correlation, litter size, fat-tailed sheep Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 281-288 Volume: 60 Issue: 6 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8242-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8242-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201506-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:6:id:8242-CJAS