Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Novotná Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Svitáková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Schmidová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Title: Comparison of models to estimate genetic parameters for scores of competitive sport horse events in the Czech Republic Abstract: The objective of the present study was to estimate genetic parameters and predict breeding values of sport horses in the Czech Republic using animal model variations. The data set for the evaluation was composed of edited records of show jumping competitions in the Czech Republic in years 1991-2013. Input data were not normally distributed; hence Blom transformation was used for the variable filtration. The Gibbs sampling algorithm was used for the genetic parameters estimation. Two models were examined. The first was a random regression model including the effect of a horse's experience in competition (expressed as the length of the horse's sporting career in days), fixed effects of sex, age, and event, and random effects of rider, permanent environment, and animal. The second model was a multi-trait model with fixed effects for sex, age, and event and random effects for rider, permanent environment, and animal. In this latter case, horse performance was classified as three traits. The first trait was jumping results from obstacle heights of 90-110 cm, the second of 120-135 cm, and the third of 140-155 cm. In the random regression model, heritability estimates ranged from 0.01 to 0.11; whereas in the multi-trait model, heritabilities were 0.07, 0.11, and 0.14 for the first, second, and third trait, respectively. Results indicate that both models could be used to predict breeding values of sport horses in the Czech Republic. The multi-trait model revealed that heritability estimates increased with the increasing height of obstacle. In the random regression model, breeding values differed according to a horse's experience in competition, allowing adjustment of the breeding value for the environmental effect of a past experience. Keywords: show jumping, sport horses, breeding value, random regression model, multi-trait model Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 383-390 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8453-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8453-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201509-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:9:id:8453-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Kasarda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding Biology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: N. Moravčíková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding Biology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: V. Šidlová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding Biology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: A. Trakovická Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding Biology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: O. Kadlečík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding Biology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Pokorádi Author-Workplace-Name: Xcell Slovakia Breeding Services s.r.o., Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: R. Židek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Suitability of BovineSNP50 BeadChip for the evaluation of the Cervidae family diversity Abstract: Polymorphic SNPs were identified using BovineSNP50 BeadChip in three groups of cervids: farmed Red deer (n = 3), and free range Red deer (n = 5) and Fallow deer (n = 2). From the total of 54 609 SNPs, 53.85% could be genotyped. Out of 28 502 successfully genotyped autosomal SNPs only 5.3% were polymorphic. The average minor allele frequency within cervids was 0.23 (number of polymorphic SNPs ranged from 467 to 686). Results of the molecular variance analysis showed that 67.38% of variation occurred within individuals and the rest was explained by a species difference (FST = 0.32). The value of FIT (0.33) indicated a higher proportion of homozygote genotypes in the analyzed dataset. Pairwise FST values showed very clearly the genetic differentiation between Red and Fallow deer which ranged from 0.06 (farmed and free range deer) to 0.74 (farmed Red and Fallow deer). A similar result was found for Nei's genetic distances that ranged from 0.01 (among Fallow deer) to 0.79 (among farmed Red and Fallow deer). The genetic differentiation of the analyzed cervid species was evaluated also by the principal component analysis with the involvement of 6 other species from the family Cervidae, which showed a division of the Cervidae cluster into 7 subpopulations. The panels of SNPs primarily produced for a model species are becoming the marker of choice for the application in other species, but the best methods of their discovery, validation, and genotyping in non-model species need further investigations. Keywords: cross-species genotyping, non-model species, Fallow deer, Red deer Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 391-399 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8457-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8457-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201509-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:9:id:8457-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Shojaei Author-Workplace-Name: Section of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: M. Zendehdel Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: V. Babapour Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: S. Charkhkar Author-Workplace-Name: Section of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: S. Hassanpour Author-Workplace-Name: Section of Physiology, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Title: Opioid-induced hypophagia is mediated by 5-HT2c receptors in neonatal layer-type chicken Abstract: Opioidergic and serotonergic (5-HTergic) systems have crucial role in central regulation of food intake. This study was designed to investigate the role of the opioidergic system and the interaction with the 5-HTergic system in opioid-induced feeding behaviour in 3-h food-deprived (FD3) neonatal layer-type chicks. In total 432 chickens were allocated into 9 experiments, each per 4 treatment groups. In Experiment 1, birds were intracerebroventricularly (ICV) injected with D-Ala2-NMe-Phe4-Glyol5-enkephalin (DAMGO), µ-opioid receptor agonist (125, 250, and 500 pmol). In Experiment 2, chickens were ICV treated with D-Pen2, D-Pen5enkephalin (D-Pen2,5enkephalin, DPDPE), δ-opioid receptor agonist (20, 40, and 80 pmol). In Experiment 3, the effect of ICV injection of U-50488H, κ-opioid receptor agonist (10, 20, and 30 nmol) was investigated in chicks. In Experiment 4, chickens were injected with para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA), cerebral serotonin depletive (1.5 µg) + DAMGO (125 pmol). In Experiment 5, birds were treated with PCPA (1.5 µg) + DPDPE (40 pmol). In Experiment 6, birds received 1.5 µg PCPA + U-50488H (30 nmol). In Experiments 7-9, birds were injected like in Experiments 4-6, but with SB242084, 5-HT2c receptor antagonist (1.5 µg) instead of the PCPA injection. Cumulative food intake was recorded until 3 h post injection. According to the results, the ICV injection of DAMGO significantly decreased whereas that of DPDPE + U-50488H increased food intake (P ≤ 0.05). Co-administration of PCPA + DAMGO significantly decreased hypophagia induced by DAMGO (P ≤ 0.05). PCPA had no effect on DPDPE + U-50488H-induced hyperphagia (P ≥ 0.05). SB242084 significantly attenuated the hypophagic effect of DAMGO (P ≤ 0.05), while SB242084 had no modulatory effect on the food intake induced by DPDPE + U-50488H (P ≥ 0.05). These results suggest that there is an interaction between the opioidergic and 5-HTergic systems mediating the hypophagic effect of µ-opioid receptors via the 5-HT2c receptor in neonatal layer-type chicks. Keywords: opioidergic, 5-HTergic system, food intake, layer-type chicks Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 400-410 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8458-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8458-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201509-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:9:id:8458-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Tanaka Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan Author-Name: T. Takizawa Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan Author-Name: O. Oki Author-Workplace-Name: School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Japan Author-Workplace-Name: National Livestock Breeding Center Ibaraki Station, Chikusei, Japan Author-Name: K. Fukawa Author-Workplace-Name: Central Research Institute for Feed and Livestock, National Federation of Agricultural Co-operative Associations (ZEN-NOH), Kamishihoro, Japan Author-Name: T. Ito Author-Workplace-Name: Central Research Institute for Feed and Livestock, National Federation of Agricultural Co-operative Associations (ZEN-NOH), Kamishihoro, Japan Author-Name: M. Miyabe Author-Workplace-Name: Central Research Institute for Feed and Livestock, National Federation of Agricultural Co-operative Associations (ZEN-NOH), Tsukuba, Japan Author-Name: H. Mannen Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan Author-Name: Y. Kurosawa Author-Workplace-Name: Food and Agriculture Museum, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan Author-Name: K. Hirose Author-Workplace-Name: Central Research Institute for Feed and Livestock, National Federation of Agricultural Co-operative Associations (ZEN-NOH), Kamishihoro, Japan Title: Allele frequency for c.335 A>C polymorphisms in porcine ghrelin/obestatin prepropeptide gene and association analysis with performance traits in various pig breeds Abstract: The allelic frequency of c.335A>C polymorphisms in the porcine ghrelin/obestatin prepropeptide (GHRL) gene was surveyed among six pig breeds and two subspecies of wild boars. The c.335C was the most frequent allele in Berkshire, Landrace, Large White, Yorkshire, and Clawn miniature pigs and Ryukyu wild boars (Sus scrofa riukiuanus), whereas c.335A was the most frequent allele in Duroc and Meishan pigs and Japanese wild boars (S. s. leucomystax). The association of c.335A>C with performance traits was analyzed in Duroc, Landrace, Large White, and (Landrace × Large White) × Duroc (LWD) cross-bred pigs. No associations between c.335A>C genotype and average daily weight gain, backfat thickness, or intramuscular fat were detected. However, an association was observed between loin eye muscle area (EMA) and c.335A>C genotype in Duroc gilts. The AA genotype group had larger EMA than the AC genotype group in Duroc gilts; however, this association was not significant in Duroc boars and barrows or the other pig populations investigated. These results demonstrate that GHRL c.335A>C is not a major quantitative trait loci candidate on pig chromosome 13 affecting fat deposition. Keywords: quantitative trait locus, GHRL, pigs, polymorphism, genetic marker Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 411-416 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8459-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8459-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201509-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:9:id:8459-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Vacek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Krpálková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Syrůček Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Štípková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Janecká Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Relationships between growth and body condition development during the rearing period and performance in the first three lactations in Holstein cows Abstract: The relationship between growth and development of body condition during the rearing of replacement heifers and their subsequent performance in the production period of Holstein cows in the Czech Republic was studied. The data set used in this study covered 733 Holstein heifers born on one farm during the years 2004-2009. The evaluated effects considered were body weight (BW), average daily gain of live weight (ADG), and body condition score (BCS) of heifers. The results demonstrated the desirable effect of the higher achieved ADG in the period before sexual maturity on the lower age at first calving (AFC), the positive influence on milk yield in the first lactation, and the negative relationship to the conception rate of heifers before first calving. Similar effects were also found for growth in the period of 9-12 months of age. In heifers with a greater growth rate before puberty there was not a significant risk of excessive BCS during the breeding period. Heifers with the highest BCS (3.5 points (p.) and more) at 14 months of age had significantly the lowest milk yield in the first and second lactation compared to heifers with medium (3.5 p.) and low (3.25 p. or less) BCS. Over-conditioned heifers exhibited higher milk protein content in the first and second lactation. No effects on the third lactation were observed. Keywords: average daily weight gain, body condition score, heifer performance, dairy cows Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 417-425 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8460-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8460-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201509-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:9:id:8460-CJAS