Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Maršálek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Svoboda Author-Workplace-Name: Ruminant and Swine Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Bernardy Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Večerek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Public Health and Animal Welfare, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Concentrations of neopterin, biopterin, and cortisol associated with surgical castration of piglets with lidocaine Abstract: The effect of surgical castration with local anesthesia using lidocaine on neopterin, biopterin, and cortisol blood plasma concentrations in piglets was studied. Three groups of 12 piglets were investigated: one group castrated without lidocaine, one group castrated with lidocaine, and one group left as an uncastrated control group handled in the same way as castrated piglets. Blood samples were collected 4 min before castration, and 1 h and 24 h after castration. The time × treatment interaction (P < 0.01) was detected for neopterin concentrations, yielding the result that neopterin was higher (P < 0.01) in castrated piglets without lidocaine 1 h after surgical castration compared with all other groups. The time effect (P < 0.05) was detected for biopterin concentrations. The time × treatment interaction (P < 0.01) was detected for plasma cortisol concentrations, yielding the result that neopterin was higher (P < 0.01) in castrated piglets without lidocaine and in castrated piglets with lidocaine 1 h after surgical castration compared with pre-treatment and concentrations 24 h after surgical castration. The study showed that the use of lidocaine for the surgical castration of piglets may significantly influence the activation of the immune system. This is corroborated by a significant difference in blood plasma neopterin concentrations between piglets castrated with anesthesia and those castrated without it. The use of lidocaine had no effect on cortisol concentrations in comparison with the group castrated without lidocaine. Keywords: immune system, local anesthesia, blood, plasma Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 473-478 Volume: 60 Issue: 11 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8555-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8555-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201511-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:11:id:8555-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Tůmová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Chodová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Svobodová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Uhlířová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Volek Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Title: Carcass composition and meat quality of Czech genetic resources of nutrias (Myocastor coypus) Abstract: The effects of sex and colour type on carcass composition, nutrients content, and muscle fibre characteristics of hind leg meat of nutrias raised under intensive conditions were the focus of this study. Thirty-six eight-month-old nutrias of both sexes with three colour types (Standard nutria, ST; Moravian Silver, MS; and Prestice Multicolour, PM) were studied. Live weight was affected by colour type (P < 0.05) and sex (P < 0.001); however, no effects of these variables were found for the dressing out percentage. Crude protein content was significantly higher in males than in females, whereas crude fat content was higher in females. A significant interaction between colour type and sex was found for hydroxyproline and ash contents. Fatty acids were affected primarily by the sex of nutrias. No effect of colour type on the distribution of muscle fibres in the Biceps femoris muscle was found. However, females had fewer βR (P < 0.05) and more αR fibres (P < 0.001) than males. Keywords: nutria, colour type, slaughter traits, meat nutritional value, muscle fibre Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 479-486 Volume: 60 Issue: 11 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8556-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8556-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201511-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:11:id:8556-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B.X. Yan Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: R. Zhao Author-Workplace-Name: Henan Province Xinxiang City Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Management Bureau, Xinxiang, P.R. China Author-Name: J.P. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Name: W. Chen Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Y.Q. Huang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Z.X. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: J.S. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: L.L. Liu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: D.F. Qi Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China Title: Effect of different dietary oil sources on the growth performance, blood characteristics, fatty acid profiles, and expression of lipogenic genes in the liver of broiler chickens Abstract: The effect of different levels of corn oil (CO) and flaxseed oil (FO) on growth performance, blood characteristics, fatty acid composition, and expression of lipogenic genes in the liver of broiler chickens was studied. Two hundred forty female Cobb-500 broiler chickens at the age of one day (body weight (BW) = 46 ± 4 g) were fed a corn soybean meal based diet containing 5% CO (LC), 3.75% CO + 1.25% FO (FO1), 2.5% CO + 2.5% FO (FO2) or 5% FO (FC). Chickens fed FO1 diet had better BW gain (P = 0.049) and gain/feed ratio (P = 0.006) than those fed LC and FC diets during days 1-21 of age. However, for the whole experimental period (1-42 days of age), the dietary lipid source had no effect on the growth performance. On day 42 of age, the hepatic percentages of 18:3n-3 (P = 0.001) and 20:5n-3 (P < 0.001) were higher in FC than in LC group, which led to a higher content of total n-3 PUFA and lower n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio. The contents of 18:2n-6 (P < 0.05) and Σ n-6 PUFA (P = 0.009) were lower in FC than in LC group. Chickens fed FO1 and FO2 diets had higher Ca2+-ATPase activity and lower lipoprotein lipase activity than those fed LC and FC diets, whereas activities of lactate dehydrogenase and Na+,K+-ATPase were increased by FO2 than by LC diet (P < 0.05). The relative mRNA expression level of lipin 1 in chickens fed FO2 and FC was higher (P < 0.01) than in those fed LC and FO1 diets. Our results demonstrated that higher levels of FO led to hepatic enrichment of n-3 PUFA content and lower n-6/n-3 PUFA ratios in liver and increased the expression of lipin 1 whereas the expression of lipin 2, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2, Δ-6 fatty acid desaturase, WD and tetratricopeptide repeats 1, and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was not affected. Keywords: flaxseed oil, enzyme activity, lipogenic genes expression, lipid metabolism Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 487-497 Volume: 60 Issue: 11 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8557-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8557-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201511-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:11:id:8557-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Kowalska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Aquaculture, Stanislaw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: Z. Zakęś Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Aquaculture, Stanislaw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: A.K. Siwicki Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fish Pathology and Immunology, Stanislaw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: E. Terech-Majewska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: B. Jankowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Meat Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: S. Jarmołowicz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Aquaculture, Stanislaw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: E. Głąbski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fish Pathology and Immunology, Stanislaw Sakowicz Inland Fisheries Institute, Olsztyn, Poland Title: Impact of brewer's yeast extract and levamisole in diets with vegetable oils on the growth, chemical composition, and immunological and biochemical blood parameters of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) Abstract: The impact of applying NuPro® (40 g/kg feed) and levamisole (300 mg/kg feed) in European pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) diets with vegetable oils on growth, immunological, hematological, and blood chemical parameters was assayed. The fish were fed the feed containing sunflower and linseed oils (48 and 21 g/kg feed) (group VO) or this feed with levamisole (group VOL) or NuPro® (group VON). The fourth group was fed the feed with fish oil added in the amount of 69 g/kg feed (group FO). The pikeperch were reared for 56 days. Feeding the fish feed supplemented with levamisole or NuPro® increased the immunological responses of the phagocytes and lymphocytes, lysozyme activity, and total gamma-globulin levels. The feed supplemented with NuPro® resulted in decreased aspartate and alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activity. Vegetable oils in the feed were linked to increased contents of linoleic acid in fish bodies. The quantity of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids was significantly the highest in group FO. The immunological index obtained in group VON indicated that the diet supplemented with brewer's yeast extract (NuPro®) was the most advantageous when feeding juvenile pikeperch feeds with vegetable oils. Keywords: lipids, fatty acids, immunomodulators, disease resistance Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 498-508 Volume: 60 Issue: 11 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8558-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8558-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201511-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:11:id:8558-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Pogány Simonová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: A. Lauková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: R. Žitňan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Nitra-Lužianky, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Ľ. Chrastinová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, National Agricultural and Food Centre, Nitra-Lužianky, Slovak Republic Title: Effect of rabbit-origin enterocin-producing probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium CCM7420 application on growth performance and gut morphometry in rabbits Abstract: The interactions between probiotic bacteria and the immune system in animals are known, but particularly in rabbits have not been sufficiently documented. Therefore the present study deals with the effect of the enterocin-producing probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium CCM7420 on the growth performance and jejunal morphometry in rabbits. Forty-eight weaned rabbits of male sex (NZB breed) at 5 weeks of age were randomly divided into experimental (EF) and control group (CG) with 24 rabbits in each group. Each day of the treatment period (21 days), the rabbits in the EF group were administered a fresh culture of the E. faecium CCM7420 strain (5.0 × 108 CFU/animal/day in their drinking water); for the next 21 days after probiotic cessation the rabbits had untreated drinking water (the whole experiment lasted for 42 days). All animals had access to water ad libitum. Three animals from each group were randomly selected for slaughter at days 21 and 42 of the experiment to measure morphological parameters (villus height (VH), crypt depth (CD), VH : CD ratio) of the intestinal tissue in the proximal jejunum. The average daily gain was higher in EF group (39.49 g) than in CG (39.04 g). The jejunum VH, surface area, and VH : CD ratio increased, while CD decreased in EF group compared to CG. Inferring from these results, we conclude that administration of E. faecium CCM7420 strain to rabbits may improve weight gain due to better utilization of feed and larger absorption surface in the gut and also may positively influence the health status via enhancing the gut health in rabbits. Keywords: probiotic, growth parameter, functionality, food-producing animals Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 509-512 Volume: 60 Issue: 11 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8559-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8559-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201511-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:11:id:8559-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Graczyk Author-Workplace-Name: Departament of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: K. Andres Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Swine and Small Animal Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Cracow, Cracow, Poland Author-Name: E. Kapkowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Swine and Small Animal Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, University of Agriculture in Cracow, Cracow, Poland Author-Name: T. Szwaczkowski Author-Workplace-Name: Departament of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Title: Pedigree analyses of the Zatorska goose population Abstract: The structure of the Zatorska breed was estimated in the context of the realized conservation program. The level of genetic diversity and effective population size were estimated as well. The following parameters were evaluated: pedigree completeness index, genetic diversity, inbreeding level, individual increase in inbreeding, generation interval, and parameters connected with general condition of the population. The whole population of the Zatorska breed was housed in an experimental farm of the University of Agriculture in Cracow (Poland). Records were extracted from the studbook. Totally 5514 individuals hatched between 1990-2013 (2835 males and 2679 females) were included in the analysis. The average number of discrete generation equivalents reached 3.76, whereas the maximum discrete generation equivalent was 9.98. The average inbreeding level was low amounting to 1.46% for the whole population and 3.02% for the inbred individuals. The average pedigree completeness index for five generations reached 59.12%, for 10 generations 37.39%, and for all 16 generations it was 23.53%. The average effective population size was estimated from the family size variance and amounted to 67.36 individuals. It can be concluded that the conservation breeding program in the Zatorska goose has been going on well. This is confirmed by the magnitude of obtained estimates of parameters such as a low inbreeding level across generations under satisfactory pedigree completeness. On the other hand, the structure of a small population may be liable to fluctuations. Hence, continuous monitoring of the endangered population (including molecular control) seems to be necessary. Keywords: waterfowl, genetic diversity, local breed, inbreeding level Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 513-520 Volume: 60 Issue: 11 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/8560-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8560-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201511-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:60:y:2015:i:11:id:8560-CJAS