Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ivan Stojanov Nikolov
Author-Workplace-Name: Molecular Zoology Unit, Chair of Zoology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
Author-Name: Bernhard Christian Stoeckle
Author-Workplace-Name: Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
Author-Name: Georgi Markov
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystems Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
Author-Name: Ralph Kuehn
Author-Workplace-Name: Molecular Zoology Unit, Chair of Zoology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Ecology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, United States of America
Title: Substantial hybridisation between wild boars (Sus scrofa scrofa) and East Balkan pigs (Sus scrofa f. domestica) in natural environment as a result of semi-wild rearing in Bulgaria
Abstract: The East Balkan pig (EBP) is a traditional domestic pig breed in Bulgaria managed in semi-wild conditions and well-adapted to the continental climate and rearing on pastures. From the genetical and historical point of view it is important to preserve this ancient breed. However, over the last several years, a dramatic decline of EBP herds has been observed. Moreover, introgression between EBP and wild boar in Bulgaria (WBB) is very likely to have occurred. In this study we used a set of 10 microsatellites and the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method on melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) polymorphisms to study the degree of hybridisation between WBB, EBP, and a commercial pig breed (CPB). MC1R results identified WBB-EBP hybrids and the analysis of the microsatellite data with a Bayesian assignment approach and the Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components revealed a low genetic differentiation between WBB and EBP and a high amount of introgression of WBB into EBP. A mentionable introgression of CPB into EBP was also revealed. It is apparent that the traditional rearing system of EBP, which is hundreds of years old, has led to a permanent hybridisation between WBB and EBP. In our opinion, the preservation of the semi-wild rearing system is a prerequisite for the conservation of this old, indigenous pig breed and its genetic composition, as the semi-wild rearing system allows the continuous introgression with WBB. Moreover, the introgression of commercial breeds into EBP or WBB should be prevented. Due to the bidirectional gene flow these hybridisation events would have negative consequences (i.e. loss of viability and adaptation) for the wild boars as well as for the indigenous pig breed.
Keywords: microsatellites, PCR-RFLP, melanocortin-1 receptor, introgression, local pig breed, commercial pig breed
Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science
Pages: 1-8
Volume: 62
Issue: 1
Year: 2017
DOI: 10.17221/49/2015-CJAS
File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/49/2015-CJAS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:62:y:2017:i:1:id:49-2015-CJAS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katarzyna Ropka-Molik
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genomics and Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland
Author-Name: Przemysław Podstawski
Author-Workplace-Name: University of Agriculture in Cracow, Cracow, Poland
Author-Name: Katarzyna Piórkowska
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genomics and Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland
Author-Name: Mirosław Tyra
Author-Workplace-Name: Departemnt of Animal Breeding and Genetics, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland
Title: Association of missense MTTP gene polymorphism with carcass characteristics and meat quality traits in pigs
Abstract: Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, coded by MTTP gene, has multiple functions including participation in formation of chylomicrons, low-density lipoproteins, and very low-density lipoproteins. Therefore MTTP protein plays a key role in the transport of fats and cholesterol between membrane vesicles, which can be associated with lipid metabolism. In the present study, ENSSSCT00000010052.2:c.2518C>T (rs335896411) missense polymorphism (Leu>Phe) located in exon 18 of MTTP gene was investigated in order to estimate its potential association with production traits of pigs. The analysis was performed with five breeds (Duroc, Landrace, Large White, Pietrain, Pulawska pigs) and totally 678 pigs, for which the genotypes of c.2518C>T polymorphism were identified by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The present study showed a significant association of c.2518C>T polymorphism with carcass yield. When analyzing the whole population, CC homozygotes showed significantly higher carcass yield than heterozygotes (P ≤ 0.05). Moreover, c.2518C>T single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) affected pH measured in loin (m. longissimus dorsi) and ham (m. semimembranosus) 45 min after slaughter. For both parameters, the highest pH values were obtained for CC pigs, while the lowest for heterozygotes (P ≤ 0.05). The SNP analyzed was also related with meat colour (yellowness intensity (b*)). Previous research confirmed that ENSSSCP00000009789.2:p.Leu840Phe polymorphism, via affecting MTTP protein activity, influences metabolism of fatty acids. Additionally, results obtained in the present study suggest that the analyzed missense mutation in porcine MTTP gene can be one of the potential genetic factors associated with meat quality (pork pH and colour) and carcass yield.
Keywords: microsomal triglyceride transfer protein, non-synonymous SNP, pork quality
Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science
Pages: 9-14
Volume: 62
Issue: 1
Year: 2017
DOI: 10.17221/45/2015-CJAS
File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/45/2015-CJAS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:62:y:2017:i:1:id:45-2015-CJAS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaojing Yue
Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
Author-Name: Luansha Hu
Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
Author-Name: Xiongfeng Fu
Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
Author-Name: Mengyuan Lv
Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
Author-Name: Xinyan Han
Title: Dietary chitosan-Cu chelate affects growth performance and small intestinal morphology and apoptosis in weaned piglets
Abstract: The effects of dietary chitosan-copper chelate (CS-Cu) on growth performance, diarrhea, intestinal morphology and epithelial cell apoptosis in weaned piglets was investigated. One hundred and sixty Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire weanling barrows with an average body weight of 7.75 kg were randomly assigned to one of the following dietary treatments: (1) control, (2) 100 mg Cu/kg diet from CuSO4, (3) 100 mg Cu/kg diet from CuSO4 mixed with chitosan (CuSO4+CS), (4) 100 mg Cu/kg diet from CS-Cu. The feeding trial lasted for 30 days. The results showed that the pigs receiving a diet containing CS-Cu had higher average daily gain and lower diarrhea incidence than the pigs receiving dietary CuSO4 and CuSO4+CS. Villus height and the ratio of villus height/crypt depth in duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were higher and crypt depth was lower in CS-Cu treated pigs than in pigs fed dietary CuSO4 or CuSO4+CS. An apparent decrease of ileal epithelial cell apoptosis in pigs fed CS-Cu diet was found. The activities of antioxidant enzymes were higher in pigs fed dietary CS-Cu than in those fed other diets. The results indicated that dietary CS-Cu showed better biological and physiological function in improving small intestinal morphology and reducing diarrhea incidence.
Keywords: CS-Cu, villus morphology, daily gain, diarrhea incidence, ileal epithelial cell, antioxidant enzymes
Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science
Pages: 15-21
Volume: 62
Issue: 1
Year: 2017
DOI: 10.17221/86/2015-CJAS
File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/86/2015-CJAS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:62:y:2017:i:1:id:86-2015-CJAS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cesar A. Meza-Herrera
Author-Workplace-Name: Regional University Unit of Arid Lands, Chapingo Autonomous University, Bermejillo, Mexico
Author-Name: Pedro Pacheco-Alvarez
Author-Workplace-Name: Regional University Unit of Arid Lands, Chapingo Autonomous University, Bermejillo, Mexico
Author-Name: Ornella E. Castro
Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, National University of Catamarca, San Fernando de Catamarca, Argentina
Author-Name: Ulises Macias-Cruz
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Baja California Autonomous University, Mexicali, Mexico
Author-Name: Leonel Avendaño-Reyes
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Baja California Autonomous University, Mexicali, Mexico
Author-Name: Miguel Mellado
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences and Department of Animal Nutrition, Antonio Narro Agricultural Autonomous University, Torreon, Mexico
Author-Name: Francisco G. Veliz-Deras
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences and Department of Animal Nutrition, Antonio Narro Agricultural Autonomous University, Torreon, Mexico
Author-Name: Viridiana Contreras-Villarreal
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences and Department of Animal Nutrition, Antonio Narro Agricultural Autonomous University, Torreon, Mexico
Author-Name: Jose Abad-Zavaleta
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biotechnology, University of Papaloapan, Tuxtepec, Mexico
Author-Name: Rafael Rodriguez-Martinez
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences and Department of Animal Nutrition, Antonio Narro Agricultural Autonomous University, Torreon, Mexico
Author-Name: Gerardo Arellano-Rodriguez
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Sciences and Department of Animal Nutrition, Antonio Narro Agricultural Autonomous University, Torreon, Mexico
Title: Beta-carotene supplementation positively affects selected blood metabolites across time around the onset of puberty in goats
Abstract: The possible effect of beta-carotene supplementation upon peripubertal changes in serum concentrations across time for total protein (TP), urea (UR), cholesterol (CHOL), and glucose (GLU) around puberty onset was evaluated. The experiment was carried out from June to November and prepubertal goats (n = 17, 3 months old, 7/8 Saanen-Alpine, 1/8 Criollo) were randomly assigned to: (1) beta-carotene group (BC) (n = 9; 17.3 ± 1.0 kg live weight (LW), 3.3 ± 0.12 body condition score (BCS), oral supplementation with 50 mg beta-carotene per day per goat) and (2) control group (CC) (n = 8; 16.1 ± 1.0 kg LW, 3.1 ± 0.12 BCS). Serum blood samples were collected along the experiment to quantify progesterone concentrations (P4) through radioimmunoassay, while TP, UR, CHOL, and GLU through spectrophotometric analyses. No differences (P > 0.05) occurred between treatments regarding LW and BCS, and TP (67.6 ± 2.4 g/l), UR (3.8 ± 0.17 mmol/l), GLU (5.06 ± 0.09 mmol/l), and CHOL (1.62 ± 0.07 mmol/l) concentrations. However, while a treatment × time interaction occurred between treatments for TP, GLU, CHOL (P < 0.05) favouring the BC group, an increased serum UR levels occurred in the CC group. Nonetheless, such general serum metabolite profile was related neither to the age (215.7 vs 226.5 ± 6.6 days; P > 0.5) nor to the percentage (44.4 vs 25.0 ± 17.0%; P > 0.05) of goats reaching puberty in the BC and CC groups, respectively. Results should help speed-up goat productivity while may also engender key management applications to different animal industries.
Keywords: reproduction, nutritional supplementation, focus feeding, glucose, cholesterol, pubertal activation
Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science
Pages: 22-31
Volume: 62
Issue: 1
Year: 2017
DOI: 10.17221/1/2016-CJAS
File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1/2016-CJAS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:62:y:2017:i:1:id:1-2016-CJAS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiangfei Zhang
Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P.R. China
Author-Name: Zhisheng Wang
Author-Name: Lei Mao
Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P.R. China
Author-Name: Xianwen Dong
Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P.R. China
Author-Name: Quanhui Peng
Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P.R. China
Author-Name: Juncai Chen
Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P.R. China
Author-Name: Cui Tan
Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P.R. China
Author-Name: Rui Hu
Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, P.R. China
Title: Effect of ZnO nanoparticle on cell viability, zinc uptake efficiency, and zinc transporters gene expression: a comparison with ZnO and ZnSO4
Abstract: Zinc plays an important role in functional and structural integrity of cells. The aim of the current study was to compare cell viability, zinc uptake efficiency, and gene expression of metallothionein (MT), divalent metal transporter (DMT-1), and other important zinc transporters (ZnTs) under experimental treatment of TPEN (N, N, N', N'-Tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine) (2 µM), and three zinc sources (zinc oxide nanoparticle (nano-ZnO), bulk zinc oxide (ZnO), and zinc sulfate (ZnSO4)) at different levels (25, 50, and 100 µM) in rat intestinal epithelial cell line IEC-6. Cells were classified into TPEN group and TPEN + zinc sources groups. In the present study, significantly decreased cell viability was observed in TPEN group, while supplementations with nano-ZnO at all levels and ZnO (50 and 100 µM) significantly increased the cell viability. ZnSO4 at a high concentration (100 µM) inhibited cell viability. Furthermore, cells of nano-ZnO group showed the highest viability at a 25 µM concentration. The uptake efficiency of nano-ZnO is higher than that of ZnSO4 and ZnO. Additionally, a significant down-regulation for ZnT-1, ZnT-4, MT, DMT-1 mRNA with TPEN treatment was detected. Compared with the unchanged ZnT-4, all zinc treatments up-regulated the gene expressions of ZnT-1, ZnT-5, ZnT-7, MT, and DMT-1. Our results indicate that nano-ZnO is more effective than ZnO and ZnSO4 in enhancing cell viability, and its lower cytotoxicity, higher uptake efficiency, and comparative transportation at low concentration also favour its potential use as a new zinc source in feed additives.
Keywords: nano-ZnO, bulk ZnO, zinc transportation, TPEN, IEC-6 cells
Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science
Pages: 32-41
Volume: 62
Issue: 1
Year: 2017
DOI: 10.17221/15/2016-CJAS
File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/15/2016-CJAS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:62:y:2017:i:1:id:15-2016-CJAS