Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dasen Liu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: College of Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Yanfang Li Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Guangliang Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Peng Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Penghua Wu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Shai Wang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiuxiu Wang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China Title: Effect of protein secondary structures in mixed feedstuff detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy on ruminal protein degradation kinetics Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the protein secondary structure and the protein rumen degradation kinetics and the protein fractions of mixed feedstuffs of soybean meal with distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) at five mixed ratios (DDGS to soybean meal: 100 : 0, 70 : 30, 50 : 50, 30 : 70, 0 : 100). The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) as a novel and cheap approach was used to detect the protein secondary structure, and the in situ nylon bag method was used to measure degradation kinetics of protein. Protein fractions were classified based on the Cornell net carbohydrate protein system. The results showed that (1) with the increasing soybean meal rate, the ruminal degraded protein and fractions of PB1 and PB2 were changed, (2) a higher α-helix to β-sheet ratio could result in a higher ruminally degraded protein, lower PB3 and PC, and higher PB1 and PB2 fractions in the feedstuff. So, mixing processing changed the feedstuff protein molecular structure spectral feature, which could influence the rumen degradation kinetics and protein fractions. It was inferred that protein degradation rate in mixed feedstuff can be measured by FTIR. Keywords: FTIR, secondary structure of protein, rumen degradation characteristic Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 89-97 Volume: 62 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/94/2015-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/94/2015-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201703-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:62:y:2017:i:3:id:94-2015-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shoresh Arva Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran Author-Name: Morteza Zendehdel Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: Yahya Ebrahim Nezhad Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran Author-Name: Jamshid Ghiasi Ghalehkandi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Medicine, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran Author-Name: Shahin Hassanpour Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: Habib Aghdam Shahryar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Shabestar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shabestar, Iran Title: Effect of opioid receptors agonists on feeding behaviour using different diets in ad libitum fed neonatal chicken Abstract: Despite progress in studying the role of opioids in reward, the effect of opioid receptors on feeding behaviour in ad libitum fed meat-type chicken offered different diet types is still unclear. So in this study, 12 experiments (each included 4 groups) were designed to determine the role of μ, δ, and κ receptors with different diets on feeding responses in ad libitum fed neonatal chicken. In Experiment 1, group A chicken were intracerebroventricularly (ICV) injected with saline, groups B-D chicken were ICV injected with DAMGO (µ-opioid receptor agonist; 125, 250, and 500 pmol), then standard diet without fat was offered. In Experiment 2, group A chicken were ICV injected with saline, groups B-D chicken were ICV injected with DAMGO (125, 250, and 500 pmol) and diet with nutrient energy ratio 20% below standard was provided to the birds. Experiments 3-4 were similar to Experiment 1, except after injection, diets containing nutrient energy ratio 20% above standard and standard diet with fat were provided to the birds, respectively. In Experiment 5, chicken were ICV injected with saline, DPDPE (δ-opioid receptor agonist) at doses of 20, 40, and 80 nmol, and then received standard diet without fat. Experiments 6-8 were similar to Experiment 5 in which diet containing nutrient energy ratio by 20% lower than standard, diet containing nutrient energy ratio by 20% higher than standard, and diet containing fat were provided instead of standard diet without fat to the birds, respectively. In Experiment 9, birds received ICV injection of saline and U-50488H (κ-opioid receptor agonist; 10, 20, and 40 nmol) and were provided standard diet without fat. Experiments 10-12 were similar to Experiment 9 but after ICV injection, birds were fed diet containing by 20% lower nutrient energy ratio, diet containing by 20% higher nutrient energy ratio, and standard diet containing fat, respectively. Then the cumulative food intake was measured until 180 min post injection. According to the results, DAMGO decreased while DPDPE and U-50488H increased the food intake (P < 0.05). These findings suggest endogenous governing food preferences via δ- and κ-opioid receptor in ad libitum fed neonatal chicken. Keywords: appetite, food selection, central food intake regulation, meat-type chicken Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 98-109 Volume: 62 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/2/2016-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2/2016-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201703-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:62:y:2017:i:3:id:2-2016-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: José Francisco Segura Plaza Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain Author-Name: Rosa Escudero Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Bromatology and Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain Author-Name: María Dolores Romero de Ávila Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Bromatology and Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain Author-Name: lvaro Olivares Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain Author-Name: María Isabel Cambero Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Nutrition, Bromatology and Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain Author-Name: Clemente José López-Bote Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain Title: Effect of sex and dietary treatment on the composition and rheological properties of dry-cured ham subcutaneous fat Abstract: The effect of sex, dietary fat source (lard vs palm oil), and glycerol inclusion in fattening diet on the composition, fatty acid distribution within the triglyceride (TAG) and slip point and textural parameters was studied on dry-cured hams subcutaneous fat. A marked effect of sex on saturated fatty acids (SFA) percentage was found with barrows showing higher values than gilts. No effect of dietary fat source on subcutaneous SFA or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) was observed. Dietary glycerol increased monounsaturated fatty acids and decreased total PUFA in subcutaneous fat. Besides, the possibility of altering fatty acid composition at the 2-position of the TAG by dietary intervention during the fattening phase is very limited. Partial restructuration was observed in external positions of the TAG. All these changes affected slip point and textural parameters. An increase of hardness when palm oil was used as dietary fat and a decrease in all textural parameters values when glycerol was included were observed. Keywords: meat product, fatty acids, positional distribution, textural parameters Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 110-120 Volume: 62 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/18/2016-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/18/2016-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201703-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:62:y:2017:i:3:id:18-2016-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hilal Güralp Author-Name: Kseniia Pocherniaieva Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: Miroslav Blecha Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tomáš Policar Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martin Pšenička Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Author-Name: Taiju Saito Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic Title: Migration of primordial germ cells during late embryogenesis of pikeperch Sander lucioperca relative to blastomere transplantation Abstract: Pikeperch Sander lucioperca is a valuable fish in Europe, and basic information about its embryonic development, especially primordial germ cell (PGC) migration, is important for use in biotechnology. We categorized pikeperch embryonic development into six stages as in other fish species: zygote, cleavage, blastula, gastrula, segmentation, and hatching and described PGC migration. PGCs were visualized by injection of synthesized green fluorescent protein (GFP) within the 3'untranslated region (UTR) mRNA of nanos3. GFP-positive PGCs appeared in all embryos at approximately 100% epiboly. Time-lapse imaging revealed the PGC migration pattern from their initial appearance to location at the gonadal ridge. We conducted blastomere transplantation (BT) at the blastula stage. Donor embryos were labelled with GFP-nos3 3'UTR mRNA and tetramethylrhodamine dextran to label PGCs and somatic cells, respectively. Twelve BT chimeras were produced, with eight surviving to hatching. All exhibited donor-derived somatic cells in the developing body. The PGCs from donor embryos were observed to migrate towards the gonad region of the host embryos. Our results indicated that BT can be successfully applied in pikeperch, and these findings may be useful to produce germline chimeras in percids. Keywords: germ cell transplantation, germ cell migration, germ-line chimera, nanos, primordial germ cell visualization Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 121-129 Volume: 62 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/40/2016-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/40/2016-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201703-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:62:y:2017:i:3:id:40-2016-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Małgorzata Hasiec Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Endocrinology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland Author-Name: Michał Szlis Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Endocrinology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland Author-Name: Natalia Chmielewska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Endocrinology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: Konrad Górski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Endocrinology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland Author-Name: Katarzyna Romanowicz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Endocrinology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland Author-Name: Tomasz Misztal Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Endocrinology, The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jablonna, Poland Title: Effect of salsolinol on ACTH and cortisol response to handling stress in early anestrous sheep Abstract: Inhibition of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity by salsolinol was demonstrated in lactating sheep. We assessed whether salsolinol regulates, besides lactation, also adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol release, and if its action is prolactin-dependent. We examined two groups of early anestrous sheep, which received for three days salsolinol or vehicle-only intracerebroventricular injections, and a group of lactating sheep injected with the vehicle only. On day 3, blood samples were collected for over six hours and the anterior pituitary was dissected. Plasma ACTH, cortisol, and prolactin concentrations, and proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and prolactin (PRL) mRNA expression within the anterior pituitary were assayed. In all groups, ACTH and cortisol concentrations were higher (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001) during the first half of sampling than in the second half; there were no differences in prolactin concentration. Lactating sheep had lower (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001) plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations and higher (P < 0.001) plasma prolactin concentration than both groups of anestrous sheep during the first half of sampling. In the second half, there were no differences in ACTH and cortisol concentrations between all groups, but prolactin concentration was still higher (P < 0.001) in lactating animals. Salsolinol treatment decreased ACTH and cortisol concentrations during the first half of sampling (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001) compared to the anestrous controls, but had no effect on prolactin concentration. POMC mRNA expression was lower (P < 0.05) and PRL mRNA expression was higher (P < 0.05) in lactating sheep than in anestrous sheep. Salsolinol did not affect POMC and PRL mRNA expression. In conclusion, increased ACTH and cortisol concentrations during the first half of sampling occurred in response to handling stress. Salsolinol inhibited the HPA axis response to stress in early anestrous sheep, and it was unrelated to prolactin secretion. Keywords: adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, prolactin, stress response, sheep Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 130-139 Volume: 62 Issue: 3 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/41/2016-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/41/2016-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201703-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:62:y:2017:i:3:id:41-2016-CJAS