Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Vlcek Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Michaela Andrlikova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Olimpia Barbato Author-Workplace-Name: University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy Author-Name: Vladislav Bina Author-Workplace-Name: University of Economics, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Maurice P. Boland Author-Workplace-Name: Alltech, Dunboyne, Ireland Author-Name: Radovan Dolezel Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Miloslava Lopatarova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Svatopluk Cech Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Supplementation of dairy cows with docosahexaenoic acid did not affect ovarian activity Abstract: The effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on ovarian activity of dairy cows was determined. Experimental cows (n = 25) were fed a total mixed ration supplemented daily with 100 g/cow of an algae product All-G-Rich (Alltech, Ireland) containing 10% DHA divided into 2 doses for 52 days. Determination of DHA from milk samples taken from all cows was performed before the All-G-Rich supplementation (on Day 0, D0), and on D21 and D42 of algae supplementation. Cows were synchronized to be in oestrus on D21 and D42 of the experimental period. Monitoring of ovarian activity was performed by transrectal ultrasonography. Examinations were performed at 2-3-day intervals from D0 until D52 of the experimental period. Plasma concentrations of progesterone, oestradiol, insulin, NEFA, and cholesterol were determined. Control cows (n = 25) were examined in the same way as the experimental cows. Milk DHA concentrations on D21 and D42 were significantly higher in treated cows (D21 1.38 vs 0.28, P < 0.0001; D42 1.34 vs 0.20, P < 0.0001). There were neither important effects of DHA on ovarian structures, nor on evaluated variables in plasma. Cows in the experimental group tended to have larger corpora lutea and higher cholesterol concentrations, but differences were not significant. Keywords: algae, follicle, corpus luteum, oestrus, oestradiol, progesterone, milk, DHA Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 457-465 Volume: 62 Issue: 11 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/44/2017-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/44/2017-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201711-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:62:y:2017:i:11:id:44-2017-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carlo Cosentino Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agricultural, Forest, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy Author-Name: Giovanni Notarnicola Author-Workplace-Name: State Forestry Corps, Territorial Office for Biodiversity, Taranto, Italy Author-Name: Rosanna Paolino Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agricultural, Forest, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy Author-Name: Carmine D'Adamo Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agricultural, Forest, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy Author-Name: Cristiana Labella Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agricultural, Forest, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy Author-Name: Mauro Musto Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agricultural, Forest, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy Author-Name: Pierangelo Freschi Author-Workplace-Name: School of Agricultural, Forest, Food, and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy Title: Colostrum and milk characteristics in Murgese breed mares Abstract: The physicochemical composition and antioxidant activity of Murgese mare's colostrum and milk during lactation were analyzed. Colostrum and milk samples from 14 lactating mares were collected on the 1st and 2nd day after foaling, and then at 15, 90, and 150 days postpartum. The results showed that the values of most of the chemical parameters in colostrum were higher. During lactation, the content of proteins, fat, dry matter as well as pH values increased, while lactose and lysozyme content decreased. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was evaluated by 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. For both tests, colostrum showed a greater TAC. In milk TAC decreased over time to remain constant in the last months of lactation. Keywords: horse, lactation, total antioxidant capacity, biodiversity Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 466-472 Volume: 62 Issue: 11 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/39/2017-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/39/2017-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201711-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:62:y:2017:i:11:id:39-2017-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Musilova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martina Lichovnikova Author-Name: Lucie Kupcikova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Vojtech Anderle Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Effect of suboptimal levels of non-phytate phosphorus and exogenous phytase on precaecal digestibility of phosphorus and calcium in laying hens Abstract: The precaecal digestibility of phosphorus and calcium in laying hens was evaluated at two dietary levels of non-phytate phosphorus (NPP; 1.58 and 2.03 g/kg) and two levels of exogenous 3-phytase (F; 0 and 300 phytase units (FTU)/kg). A total of 192 ISA Brown hens were used for the study, and were housed in enriched cages (8 per cage). At the end of the experiment, which was the peak of the egg production, the content of the posterior half of the ileum from each hen was collected. The lower level of NPP significantly (P < 0.05) improved the precaecal phosphorus digestibility coefficient. There was no significant difference in the amount of absorbed phosphorus between the lower and the higher level of NPP. The level of NPP with supplementation of exo-genous phytase had a significant effect (P < 0.001) on the concentration of phosphorus in ileum, while the higher level of NPP increased phosphorus concentration in the ileum and phytase decreased phosphorus content in the ileal digesta. The phytase had no significant effect on phosphorus precaecal digestibility. There was no significant effect of the both factors, level of NPP, and exogenous phytase on the daily calcium intake, the amount of absorbed calcium, the content of calcium in ileal digesta, and on the precaecal digestibility of calcium. However a significant effect (P < 0.05) of the interaction between NPP and phytase was observed on the amount of absorbed calcium and on the precaecal digestibility coefficient. It can be concluded that the estimation of phosphorus ileal digestibility depends on the level of dietary phosphorus. Keywords: layers, ileum, calcium and phosphorus absorption Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 473-481 Volume: 62 Issue: 11 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/16/2017-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/16/2017-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201711-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:62:y:2017:i:11:id:16-2017-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tomáš Komprda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Veronika Rozíková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Monika Vícenová Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Nikola Procházková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Petra Ondráčková Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Petra Pešková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martin Faldyna Author-Workplace-Name: Veterinary Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Tissue fatty acid deposition, plasma lipid and cytokine profile in pigs fed a diet with fish oil or palm oil Abstract: The present study tested a hypothesis concerning a favourable effect of dietary fish oil on the tissue polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) deposition, and on plasma lipid and cytokine profile. Thirty-two pigs divided into two groups of 16 animals each were fed for 70 days a diet with 2.5% of fish oil (F) and palm oil (P), respectively. The content of PUFA n-3 in the liver, muscle (m. quadriceps femoris), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of the F- and P-pigs was 530 and 129, 84 and 19, 1365 and 191 mg/100 g of the fresh tissue, respectively (differences between dietary groups were significant at P < 0.01 in all tissues). Dietary fish oil in comparison with palm oil decreased (P < 0.05) total plasma cholesterol, but also desirable high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and had no effect (P > 0.05) both on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triacylglycerols. Moreover, dietary fish oil increased (P < 0.05) expression of the genes coding for not only anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 (P < 0.01) and TGF-β1 (P < 0.05), but also for pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 (P < 0.01), IL-12, and TNF-α (P < 0.05) in the VAT, and increased (P < 0.05) the expression of the IL6 gene in the liver. On the other hand, no significant differences (P > 0.05) between the F- and P-pigs in plasma levels of any tested cytokine were found out. It was concluded that an effect of dietary fish oil on tissue fatty acid deposition is undeniable, but its effects on plasma markers related to the risk of chronic degenerative diseases require further research. Keywords: EPA, DHA, cholesterol, IL-10, TNF-α , cardiovascular diseases, feed ration, pig, muscle Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 482-490 Volume: 62 Issue: 11 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/110/2016-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/110/2016-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201711-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:62:y:2017:i:11:id:110-2016-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrea Laukova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Monika Pogany Simonova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Ivana Kubasova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Sona Gancarcikova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Iveta Placha Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Jana Scerbova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Viera Revajova Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Robert Herich Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Mikulas Levkut Sn. Author-Workplace-Name: University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Viola Strompfova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Title: Pilot experiment in chickens challenged with Campylobacter jejuni CCM6191 administered enterocin M-producing probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium CCM8558 to check its protective effect Abstract: Campylobacter jejuni is one of the most common food-borne pathogens and chickens are the main source of these bacteria. Enterococcus faecium AL41, enterocin M-producing strain (deponed to the Czech Culture Collection of Microorganisms, Brno, Czech Republic - CCM8558) is our isolate previously applied e.g. in broiler rabbits with beneficial effect. In this study it was used in a 11-day experiment with chickens (1-day-old, breed Cobb 500, n = 40) challenged with C. jejuni. Birds had free access to feed and water; they were randomly divided into four groups per 10 chicks each: control (CG), E. faecium CCM8558 (EG1), CCM8558 + C. jejuni CCM6191 (EG2), CCM6191 (EG3). E. faecium CCM8558 (109 CFU/ml, 200 µl) in Ringer solution was administered daily per os to EG1 and EG2 for 7 days (from day 0-1). EG3 and EG2 were infected individually per os (day 4, CCM6191, 108 CFU/ml in Ringer solution, 200 µl). For microbiota evaluation, faecal mixtures (n = 5) were sampled on day 0-1 (1st sampling), on day 7 (2nd sampling), and on day 11 (3rd sampling) (day 7 of CCM8558 application, day 4 post-infection; day 4 of CCM8558 cessation, day 7 post-infection). Five birds from each group were sacrificed. CCM8558 sufficiently colonized chickens. In faeces of EG2 a tendency to reduce Campylobacter spp. (day 7 of application, day 4 of infection) was noted compared to EG2 (day 11, day 4 of cessation, day 7 post-infection; difference 1.21 log cycles), while in EG3 CCM6191 strain was not reduced. Phagocytic activity (PA) values were significantly higher in infected groups compared to CG and EG1. A significant increase in PA was also noted in EG2 and EG3 at the end of experiment compared to CG or EG1. The strain additive did not evoke oxidative stress. Biochemical parameters were influenced to the reference levels. Keywords: enterococci, effect, chick, microbiota, physiological parameters, Campylobacter challenge Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 491-500 Volume: 62 Issue: 11 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/12/2017-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/12/2017-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201711-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:62:y:2017:i:11:id:12-2017-CJAS