Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elena Piešová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Pathological Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Zita Faixová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Pathological Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Zuzana Maková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Pathological Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Katarína Venglovská Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Ľubomíra Grešáková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Štefan Faix Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Klaudia Čobanová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Physiology, Centre of Biosciences of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Title: Effects of dietary manganese on antioxidant status, biochemical parameters and thickness of intestinal mucus in laying hens Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different sources of manganese (Mn) on the antioxidant status, some biochemical parameters and thickness of intestinal mucus in laying hens. Ninety-six 20-week-old hens of the Lohman Brown strain were randomly divided into four groups; each group was replicated six times with four hens per replicate. Hens in the control group were fed the basal diet (BD) with natural background Mn level of 45.5 mg/kg feed. For the three experimental groups, the BD was supplemented with 120 mg Mn/kg either from Mn-sulphate or Mn-chelate of protein hydrolysate (Mn-Bioplex) or Mn-chelate of glycine hydrate (Mn-Glycinoplex). After eight weeks of dietary treatment, a tendency towards increasing activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the erythrocytes was observed in all experimental groups. The results showed that inorganic Mn source increased the glutathione peroxidase activity in the hens' blood (P < 0.05). The intake of Mn-Bioplex resulted in significantly increased total antioxidant status in the plasma of hens in the group (P < 0.05) compared to the control group. The plasma biological antioxidant potential was increased in the treatment groups supplemented with Mn-sulphate (P < 0.01) and Mn-Bioplex (P < 0.05). The total cholesterol concentration was decreased (P < 0.05) in the group fed the diet supplemented with Mn-Glycinoplex, as compared with the control. Moreover, the mucus layer thickness in the jejunum was reduced in the groups of birds fed with the organic form of Mn (P < 0.001, P < 0.05), as well as with the inorganic form of Mn (P < 0.001). These results indicate that the addition of dietary Mn was effective in improving the biological antioxidant potential, decreasing total plasma cholesterol and reducing the thickness of adherent intestinal mucus gel in the jejunum of laying hens. Keywords: layers, manganese chelates, antioxidant enzymes, production of mucus Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 99-106 Volume: 64 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/148/2018-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/148/2018-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201903-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:64:y:2019:i:3:id:148-2018-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lenka Krpálková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cattle Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Science Technology Engineering and Maths, Institute of Technology Tralee, Clash, Tralee, Co. Kerry, Ireland Author-Name: Victor E. Cabrera Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, USA Author-Name: Ludmila Zavadilová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Breeding of Farm Animals, Institute of Animal Science, Prague Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: Miloslava Štípková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cattle Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Title: The importance of hoof health in dairy production Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of hoof health on reproduction and production performance, somatic cell count, and longevity in dairy cattle. The data set consisted of records from 19 145 dairy cows at 11 dairy farms in the Czech Republic during years 1998 to 2016. Observations were grouped according to the number of hoof disease (HD) incidence. Each record included a binary variable indicating if HD was observed. The prevalence (% of all cows) observed with HD and its changes according to parity, milk yield, and calving interval were calculated. Great variability among farms was observed. HD detected in the first month of first lactation was associated with 1.5 kg/day lower milk yield and 58 000 cell/ml higher somatic cell count during first lactation. HD detected in the first month of second lactation was associated with 2.6 kg/day lower milk yield and 45 000 cell/ml higher somatic cell count during second lactation. Results from completed lactations showed that observed HD was associated with significantly lower milk yield: 124 kg less during first lactation and 308 kg less during second lactation. Reproductive performance was the poorest in the group with the highest number of HD observations (frequency) within a single lactation (≥ 4). The higher the number of HD frequency per lactation, the greater was the negative association on production and reproductive performance. Keywords: disease, prevention, reproduction, trimming Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 107-117 Volume: 64 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/27/2018-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/27/2018-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201903-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:64:y:2019:i:3:id:27-2018-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joanna Kania-Gierdziewicz Author-Name: Sylwia Pałka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, University of Agriculture, Krakow, Poland Title: Effect of inbreeding on fertility traits in five dog breeds Abstract: The aim of the study was to analyze retrospectively the influence of inbreeding on fertility traits in five dog breeds: German Shepherd dog (GSD), Golden (GR) and Labrador (LR) Retrievers, Beagle and the Tatra Shepherd dog (TSD). The data were 436 litters, with the total of 2560 puppies: 1307 males and 1206 females. The parents of the litters were 163 dogs and 228 bitches. For each litter the litter size, number of male and female puppies, sex ratio, and sex difference were calculated. The fixed effects of breed, of litter birth year and linear regression coefficients on litter and parents' inbreeding were included in the linear model for litter traits. The correlations between litter traits and litter parents' inbreeding were also estimated. The average litter size was 5.87 (± 2.53) for all breeds. GSD had the smallest average litter size differences in years and the lowest fluctuations of sex ratio with litter size. In other dog breeds those differences were much bigger. The difference between the number of male and female offspring in a litter depended on the breed. The lowest percentage of inbred parents was found for LR, and the highest for TSD. Mating non-inbred animals, in most cases also unrelated, was frequent in all breeds. The inbreeding level of parents had significant influence on the litter traits only for TSD. For the Beagles low, positive and significant correlation between the number of female offspring in a litter and the dam's inbreeding level and the sex ratio below 0.5 suggests sex ratio disturbance. The correlation coefficients between litter inbreeding and litter size for majority of examined dog breeds were positive but not significant. The conclusion is that in Poland at first obligatory monitoring of the inbreeding level for all breeds should be applied. Keywords: dog, reproduction, litter size, sex ratio, inbreeding effect Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 118-129 Volume: 64 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/104/2017-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/104/2017-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201903-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:64:y:2019:i:3:id:104-2017-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Iwona Łuszczewska-Sierakowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Normal Anatomy, Chair of Human Anatomy, Medical University in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: Marcin R. Tatara Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Physiology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: Maria Szpetnar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: Jacek Kurzepa Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Title: Free amino acid concentration in serum and trapezius muscle from male and female silver foxes (Vulpes vulpes) Abstract: Serum and muscle concentrations of 29 amino acids were determined in Silver fox. Serum concentrations of proline, alanine, tyrosine and aromatic amino acids were significantly higher in males than in females (all P = 0.05). Taurine and glycine concentrations in skeletal muscles were significantly higher in males than in females (P < 0.01). Muscle concentrations of cysteic acid, taurine, aspartate, threonine, serine, glycine, alanine, citruline, valine, leucine, gamma-amino-butyrate, ethanoloamine, lysine and histidine were significantly higher than in serum in both sexes (P < 0.05). In females, the concentrations of glutamate, glutamine, cystathionine, isoleucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine, arginine and amino-adipic acid were significantly higher in muscles than in serum (P < 0.05). Tryptophan concentration was significantly higher in serum from males than in muscles (P = 0.01). The concentration of branched-chain amino acids in skeletal muscles was approximately two times higher than in serum in both groups of foxes (P ≤ 0.01). Similar differences were obtained for aromatic amino acids in females (P = 0.04). The elaborated experimental model may serve for further studies focused on amino acid metabolism regulation in Canide and other monogastric mammals, especially with the use of environmental, dietary, pharmacological and toxicological factors. The elaborated experimental model may be an attractive alternative to replace some experiments on dogs. Keywords: amino acids, animal model, ion-exchange chromatography, Carnivora, predator Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 130-140 Volume: 64 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/42/2018-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/42/2018-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201903-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:64:y:2019:i:3:id:42-2018-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tingting Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Bingwen Si Author-Workplace-Name: Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Yan Tu Author-Workplace-Name: Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Kai Cui Author-Workplace-Name: Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Chaolong Zhou Author-Workplace-Name: Century Love International Investment Group Co. Ltd., Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Qiyu Diao Author-Workplace-Name: Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P.R. China Title: Effect of including different levels of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf meal in the diet of finishing pigs: Performance, pork quality, fatty acid composition, and amino acid profile Abstract: A total of 144 cross-bred (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) finishing pigs with a similar initial weight (65.4 ± 1.03 kg) were used to investigate the effect of moringa leaf meal on growth performance, meat quality, fatty acid composition, and amino acid profile. The moringa leaf meal-inclusion rates were 0% (M0 or control), 3% (M3), 6% (M6) and 9% (M9). The results showed that supplementing moringa leaf meal significantly increased the daily weight gain of finishing pigs, but had a minor impact on pork quality indicators and the amino acid profile in the Longissimus dorsi. The fatty acid profile in the Longissimus dorsi was significantly modified when pigs were fed moringa leaf meal diets. The relative percentage of total unsaturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid was higher in the meat of pigs fed a 6% moringa leaf meal diet than in the meat of those receiving the control diet. In contrast, the percentage of total saturated fatty acids was lower in the meat of pigs fed the moringa leaf meal diets. Moreover, the omega-6/omega-3 ratio decreased with moringa leaf meal supplementation. Addition of the moringa supplement into the diet of pigs improved growth performance and modified pork fatty acid profile positively. The results suggest that moringa leaf meal could be used as a diet supplement for producing healthier pork. Keywords: pig, Moringa oleifera, growth performance, pork quality Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 141-149 Volume: 64 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/204/2018-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/204/2018-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201903-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:64:y:2019:i:3:id:204-2018-CJAS