Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sang Hwan Kim Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Genetic Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Jong Taek Yoon Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Genetic Engineering, Hankyong National University, Anseong Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Life Research, Hankyong National University, Anseong Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea Title: Effect of serum-containing and serum-free culture medium-mediated activation of matrix metalloproteinases on embryonic developmental competence Abstract: In this study, we examined whether serum-free and serum-containing media affect matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity with respect to embryonic development, and whether MMP expression is correlated with the development of in vitro fertilized eggs. When oocytes were cultured in serum-free medium (containing polyvinylpyrrolidone) and serum (foetal bovine serum)-containing medium, the generation of meiosis 2 (MII) oocytes was 76% and 87.5%, respectively (P < 0.05). After in vitro fertilization using mature oocytes, we observed 39.72% and 64.05% of cleaved oocytes in serum-free and serum-containing groups, respectively (P < 0.05). Our analysis revealed differential expression and activity of MMPs. The serum-containing group showed high MMP-9 activity during oocyte maturation and development of in vitro produced embryos, with particularly high activity in the inner cell mass zone of the embryos. Therefore, this study suggests that the presence or the absence of serum will affect the activity of MMPs, which can be used to measure the rate of embryonic development. Keywords: embryo, matrix metalloproteinase, polyvinylpyrrolidone, in vitro produced, bovine Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 473-482 Volume: 64 Issue: 12 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/205/2019-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/205/2019-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201912-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:64:y:2019:i:12:id:205-2019-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aiyou Wen Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, The Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Sifa Dai Author-Workplace-Name: Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, P.R. China Author-Name: Xuezhuang Wu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, The Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhihua Cai Author-Workplace-Name: College of Animal Science, The Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang, P.R. China Title: Copper bioavailability, mineral utilization, and lipid metabolism in broilers Abstract: The study was conducted to investigate the effects of copper (Cu) sources and levels on mineral utilization, tissue copper residues, and lipid metabolism in Arbor Acres broilers. A total of 640 male broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 8 replicates per group and 16 broilers per replicate. The experiment was used in a 2 × 2 + 1 factorial experiment design. Broilers in the control group were fed a basal diet, and animals in the other four groups were fed basal diets supplemented with Cu from copper sulphate and copper methionine. Copper concentrations of the experimental diets were 20 and 40 mg Cu/kg dry matter. A metabolism trial of 4 days was conducted during the last week of experimental feeding. Neither Cu source nor Cu level affected average daily gain, average daily feed intake or feed gain ratio (P > 0.05). Broilers fed 40 mg Cu/kg diets had lower plasma cholesterol than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Copper supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol but did not alter plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations or plasma triglyceride concentrations. Copper sulphate supplementation increased (P < 0.05) liver Cu but did not alter pectorals Cu, heart Cu, tibia Cu and tibia P. Broilers fed 40 mg/kg Cu from copper sulphate had a lower (P < 0.05) tibia Ca level. The concentration of liver Cu in the broilers fed copper methionine diets was higher (P < 0.05) than that in those fed copper sulphate. Compared with copper sulphate (100%), the relative bioavailability value of copper methionine was 117%. In conclusion, the relative bioavailability of copper methionine obtained in this study was greater than that of copper sulphate. Copper plays an important role in plasma lipids and in the digestion of dietary Ca in broiler chickens. Keywords: copper sources, lipid profiles, mineral balance, relative bioavailability Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 483-490 Volume: 64 Issue: 12 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/210/2019-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/210/2019-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201912-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:64:y:2019:i:12:id:210-2019-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nina Moravčíková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding Biology, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Radovan Kasarda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding Biology, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Luboš Vostrý Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: Zuzana Krupová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: Emil Krupa Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic Author-Name: Kristína Lehocká Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding Biology, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Barbora Olšanská Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding Biology, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Anna Trakovická Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding Biology, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Rudolf Nádaský Author-Workplace-Name: Poľnohospodárske družstvo Špačince, Špačince, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Radoslav Židek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Ľubomír Belej Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Jozef Golian Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Analysis of selection signatures in the beef cattle genome Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of selection on the genome structure of beef cattle through identification of selection signatures reflecting the breeding standard of each breed and to discover potential functional genetic variants to improve performance traits. Genotyping data of six beef breeds (Aberdeen Angus, Hereford, Limousin, Charolais, Piedmontese and Romagnola) were used to perform genome-wide scans for selection signatures. The approaches applied were based on an assumption that selection leads to linkage disequilibrium or to a decrease of genetic variability in genomic regions containing genotypes connected with favourable phenotypes. Thus, the selection signatures were analysed based on Wright's FST index, distribution of runs of homozygosity segments in the beef genome and determination of linkage disequilibrium variability between breeds. The number and length of detected selection signals were different depending on the breeds and methodological approaches. As expected due to the breeding goals of analysed breeds, common signals were located on autosomes 2, 6, 7, 13 and 20 close to the genes associated with coat colour (KIT, KDR), muscle development (GDF9, GHRH, GHR), double muscling (MSTN), meat tenderness (CAST) and intramuscular fat content (SCD). But, across the genomes of analysed breeds, unique selection signals were found as well. The subsequent analysis of those single nucleotide polymorphism markers can be beneficial for the genetic progress of studied breeds in future. Keywords: artificial selection, local population, genomic autozygosity, linkage disequilibrium, Wright's statistic Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 491-503 Volume: 64 Issue: 12 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/226/2019-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/226/2019-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201912-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:64:y:2019:i:12:id:226-2019-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohamed Ketta Author-Name: Eva Tumova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Darina Chodova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Response of three laying hen genotypes to two feed calcium levels Abstract: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of two dietary Ca levels (3.00% vs 3.50%) in three hen genotypes (ISA Brown, Bovans Brown and Moravia BSL) on their laying performance and quality of their eggs. In order to evaluate the response to dietary Ca, an experiment was conducted with 300 laying hens. One hundred birds from each genotype were divided into 10 replicates (10 birds/cage/Ca level). To reveal the differences, the following characteristics were measured: hen-day egg production percentage, daily feed intake, egg weight, albumen and yolk weights, Haugh unit, eggshell colour, eggshell weight, eggshell thickness, eggshell strength, egg shape index and eggshell index. A higher Ca level significantly increased the hen-day egg production percentage of Bovans Brown and Moravia BSL, while ISA Brown laying hens had the higher egg production percentage at a lower dietary Ca level (85.97% vs 82.41%). No significant effect of dietary Ca level was observed on any internal egg quality measurements except the Haugh unit. However, the dietary Ca level significantly affected some of external egg quality measurements, namely eggshell colour (P < 0.001), eggshell weight (P = 0.003) and eggshell strength (P = 0.012). The results of the present study show that laying performance and egg quality parameters responded differently according to hen genotype and dietary Ca level. Bovans Brown and Moravia BSL laying hens required higher levels of Ca to keep egg production high, while the eggshell quality measurements were better at the lower dietary Ca level. Thus, it is recommended to adjust the Ca levels in feed to the nutritional requirements of laying hens. Keywords: dietary Ca, eggshell, genotype, internal quality, performance Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 504-510 Volume: 64 Issue: 12 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/228/2019-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/228/2019-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-201912-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:64:y:2019:i:12:id:228-2019-CJAS