Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lucia Mačuhová Author-Workplace-Name: National Agricultural and Food Centre, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Lužianky, Slovakia Author-Name: Vladimír Tančin Author-Workplace-Name: National Agricultural and Food Centre, Research Institute for Animal Production Nitra, Lužianky, Slovakia Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: Juliana Mačuhová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Animal Husbandry, Freising, Germany Title: The effect of milking frequency on milk yield and milk composition in ewes Abstract: Milking frequency is the main factor regulating milk yield and milk quality if feeding, welfare, health, and environmental conditions are adequate. Milk yield and composition are substantially influenced by breed, and consequently the breed has an impact on both factors at a different frequency of milking. Further, the size of cisternal compartment plays an important role in accommodating secreted milk between milkings. Thus, ewes with large cisterns (i.e. large cisternal area, high cisternal milk percentage, and delayed tight junction opening during milk stasis) adapt themselves better to longer milking intervals than ewes with a small cistern. The increase of milking frequency from two to three times a day can lead to an increase of milk yield in the range of 3 to 36%. On the other hand, the reduction of milking frequency from twice to once a day can decrease milk yield from 9 to 67%. Two milkings per week could be omitted with no negative effects on milk yield, milk composition, and somatic cell count in ewes with large cisterns. However, besides the breed and cistern storage capacity, the results in literature show that the effects of milking frequency on milk yield and milk composition can vary according to the stage of lactation, individual animal, production level, practice of stripping, and duration of changed frequency. The right use of different milking frequency strategies can result in increased milk yield or in significant savings in labour and time spent in the milking parlour with negligible or no negative effects on milk yield and composition. Keywords: sheep, milking interval, somatic cell count Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 41-50 Volume: 65 Issue: 2 Year: 2020 File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/cjs-202002-0001_the-effect-of-milking-frequency-on-milk-yield-and-milk-composition-in-ewes.php File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202002-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:65:y:2020:i:2:id:254-2019-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hong-Tao Ren Author-Name: Guang-Qin Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Science and Technology College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Yong Huang Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Science and Technology College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiao-Chan Gao Author-Workplace-Name: Animal Science and Technology College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, P.R. China Title: Effects of different dietary lipid sources on fatty acid composition and gene expression in common carp Abstract: The effects of fatty acid composition in artificial feed on the change in the fatty acid composition of carp muscles and the relationship between Δ6-Fad and Elovl5 genes participating in the regulation of fatty acid synthesis were studied. Juveniles were fed three semi-purified diets (D1-D3) for 6 weeks with different lipid sources: D1, fish oil with high highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA); D2, corn oil with high linoleic acid (18:2n-6, LA), D3, linseed oil with high α-linolenic acid (18:3n-3, LNA); then, samples were taken to explore the molecular mechanism and the factors which affect the synthesis of carp HUFA. The content of LA and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6, AA) in common carp fed Diet 2 was higher than in carp receiving D3 (P < 0.05), but the contents of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) were lower than in carp fed D1 and D2 (P < 0.05). The liver transcript abundance of Δ6-Fad and Elovl5 in fish fed D2 and D3 at the end of 6 weeks was generally higher than the abundance in the initial stage and in the fish fed D1 (P < 0.05). The results suggest that the common carp can biosynthesise HUFA, and the type and content of fatty acids in feed affected not only the composition and content of fatty acids in common carp muscles, but also the Δ6-Fad and Elovl5 gene expression involved in the biosynthesis of HUFA. Feeding high levels of n-3 HUFA diet can increase the body content of EPA and DHA in common carp. The results of this research may provide a theoretical basis for choosing an appropriate source of lipid for common carp feeds. Keywords: common carp, feed fatty acids, Δ, 6-desaturase, Elovl5 elongase, gene expression Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 51-57 Volume: 65 Issue: 2 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/248/2019-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/248/2019-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202002-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:65:y:2020:i:2:id:248-2019-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Renata Kolláthová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: Branislav Gálik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: Marko Halo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: Anton Kováčik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: Ondrej Hanušovský Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: Daniel Bíro Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: Michal Rolinec Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: Miroslav Juráček Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Author-Name: Milan Šimko Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia Title: The effects of dried grape pomace supplementation on biochemical blood serum indicators and digestibility of nutrients in horses Abstract: Twelve adult Slovak warmblood sport horses were used to study the effect of dried grape pomace (DGP) on health through blood serum biochemical indicators, and on apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF). The digestibility analysis was carried out by two in vivo methods, total faeces collection (TFC) and using lignin as a marker (ADL). Animals were divided into 3 groups: control group (C, without supplementation), experimental group 1 (E1, feed rations + 200 g of DGP) and experimental group 2 (E2, feed rations + 400 g of DGP). In animals, no health problems were detected during the trial. Of the blood serum indicators, only the concentrations of potassium (increase in E2 group compared to C group) and alanine aminotransferase (decrease in E2 group in comparison with E1 and C group) were affected (P < 0.05). The ADL method resulted in underestimated digestibility coefficients due to low recovery rates of lignin (less than 90%) in C group and E1 group. According to TFC, in E1 group higher digestibility coefficients were detected for DM, OM and CP (P > 0.05) compared to C group. However, in E2 group lower digestibility of all the studied nutrients was found (P > 0.05) in comparison with C group and E1 group. These results suggest that DGP could be used in horse diets up to 200 g without negative effect on their health and for a possible digestibility improvement of some nutrients. Keywords: equine, metabolic tests, nutrition, utilization, wine by-products Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 58-65 Volume: 65 Issue: 2 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/181/2019-CJAS File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/181/2019-CJAS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202002-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:65:y:2020:i:2:id:181-2019-CJAS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arpana Das Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, India Author-Name: Dipak Bhuyan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, India Author-Name: Partha Pratim Das Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, India Author-Name: Simanta Koushik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, India Author-Name: Bula Das Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, India Author-Name: Arundhati Phookan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, India Author-Name: Suresh Dinkar Kharche Author-Workplace-Name: ICAR - Central Institute for Research on Goats, Farah, Mathura, India Author-Name: Shiva Pratap Singh Author-Workplace-Name: ICAR - Central Institute for Research on Goats, Farah, Mathura, India Author-Name: Manmohan Singh Chauhan Author-Workplace-Name: ICAR - Central Institute for Research on Goats, Farah, Mathura, India Title: Comparing the stemness and morphobiometry of spermatogonial stem cells from Doom pig on different days of culture Abstract: The present study was conducted to compare the stemness and morphobiometry of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) from the Doom pig on different days of culture (9th, 30th and 65th day) for the development of long-term culture method. The testes from 7-15-day old piglets were collected and two-step enzymatic digestion was used to isolate SSCs. Before in vitro culture of SSC-like cells on the Sertoli cell feeder layer, the cells were enriched by differential plating and Percoll density gradient centrifugation. The isolated SSCs were characterised by alkaline phosphatase and immunofluorescence staining and qPCR analysis of SSC specific marker genes. Stemness was compared based on the expression of different SSC specific marker genes. The putative spermatogonial stem cells (PSSCs) from all the days of culture were found to be positive for alkaline phosphatase and immunofluorescence staining. The results from qPCR analysis showed that PSSCs were positive for SSC marker genes, though their expression decreased gradually from day 9 to day 65 of culture. The shape of the cells was found to change from compact round or oval to amorphous shape on day 65 of culture. Colony diameter ranged from 68.92 ± 1.20 µm (day 9) to 213.53 ± 12.52 µm (day 65) and differed significantly from each other. The number of colonies on day 65 of culture was significantly lower than on days 9 and 30. These results suggest that the enriched SSCs from Doom pigs can be maintained up to two months in vitro in the present culture system. Keywords: porcine spermatogonial stem cell, long-term culture, immunofluorescence staining, qPCR, colony diameter, colony number Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science Pages: 66-76 Volume: 65 Issue: 2 Year: 2020 File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/cjs-202002-0004_comparing-the-stemness-and-morphobiometry-of-spermatogonial-stem-cells-from-doom-pig-on-different-days-of-cultu.php File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202002-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:65:y:2020:i:2:id:264-2019-CJAS