Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jitka Kyselová
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Ladislav Tichý
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Kateřina Jochová
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
Title: The role of molecular genetics in animal breeding: A minireview
Abstract: Current animal breeding approaches are strongly associated with the development of sophisticated molecular genetics methods and techniques. Worldwide expansion of genomic selection can be achieved by the identification of genetic DNA markers and implementation of the microarray ("chip") technology. Further advancement was associated with next-generation sequencing methods, high-throughput genotyping platforms, targeted genome editing techniques, and studies of epigenetic mechanisms. The remarkable development of "omics" technologies, such as genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, has enabled individual genomic prediction of animal performance, identification of disease-causing genes and biomarkers for the prevention and treatment and overall qualitative progress in animal production.
Keywords: copy number variation, gene ontology, genome-wide association, quantitative
Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science
Pages: 107-111
Volume: 66
Issue: 4
Year: 2021
DOI: 10.17221/251/2020-CJAS
File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/251/2020-CJAS.html
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:66:y:2021:i:4:id:251-2020-CJAS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Farzad Atrian Afiani
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Author-Name: Sahereh Joezy-Shekalgorabi
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Author-Name: Mehdi Amin-Afshar
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Author-Name: Ali-Asghar Sadeghi
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
Author-Name: Just Jensen
Author-Workplace-Name: Center for Quantitative Genetic and Genomics, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
Title: Additive genetic and permanent environmental correlation between different parts of lactation in moderate and cold regions
Abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate genotype by environment interaction as well as genetic parameters for somatic cell score (SCS) in first lactation Holstein cows in Iran. Data were collected by the National Animal Breeding Centre of Iran during 2003 to 2018. Data consisted of 1 031 885 SCS test-day records of 145 817 first lactation Holstein cows. Records were classified into the cold and moderate climate on data of synoptic stations. Variance components and genetic parameters were estimated using a random regression model and restricted maximum likelihood method. The analyses were performed using the AI-REML algorithm of the DMU package. The mean SCS was 1.859 (1.598) and 1.823 (1.522) for the cold and moderate climate, respectively. Genetic variance of SCS was lower than the corresponding permanent environmental variance. The permanent environmental variance in the moderate climate was higher than that of the cold climate during lactation. The highest values of heritability were observed in the early stage of lactation. However, the estimates of heritability during the lactation curve were low. The estimates of heritability for the entire 305-day lactation were higher in the cold climate than those in the moderate climate. Genetic correlation between the cold and moderate climate ranged from 0.25 to 0.81. The results indicated the existence of genotype × environment interaction and hence the need for different breeding program for SCS in the studied climates.
Keywords: G × E interaction, genetic analysis, SCS, test day, cow
Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science
Pages: 112-121
Volume: 66
Issue: 4
Year: 2021
DOI: 10.17221/254/2020-CJAS
File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/254/2020-CJAS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:66:y:2021:i:4:id:254-2020-CJAS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michaela Černá
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Ethology and Companion Animal Science, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Michal Milerski
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Michala Mušková
Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Animal Science, Prague-Uhříněves, Czech Republic
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Genetics and Breeding, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic
Title: The effect of inbreeding on the growth ability of meat sheep breeds in the Czech Republic
Abstract: The aim of this study was to present the trend of inbreeding and to estimate the effect of inbreeding on the growth ability of lambs in the three most common sire breeds in the Czech Republic: Suffolk (SF; n = 49 345), Charollais (CH; n = 14 189) and Texel (T; n = 10 481). The growth ability of lambs was evaluated between 2000 and 2019 based on the weight at 100 days of age. The average inbreeding coefficient for Suffolk, Charollais and Texel was 0.013, 0.012 and 0.011, respectively. The average number of known generations was 5.260 for Suffolk, 3.355 for Charollais and 3.709 for Texel. To evaluate growth ability, lambs were divided into four groups according to the inbreeding coefficient (F = 0.00, 0.00 < F ≤ 0.062 5, 0.062 5 < F ≤ 0.125, F > 0.125). The results of this study show the negative effect of inbreeding on the growth ability of lambs was significant (P < 0.05). The regression coefficients of the weight for Suffolk, Charollais and Texel lambs for a change of 1% in inbreeding were estimated to be -0.028, -0.053 and -0.048, respectively.
Keywords: Charollais, pedigree analysis, Suffolk, Texel, weight of lambs
Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science
Pages: 122-128
Volume: 66
Issue: 4
Year: 2021
DOI: 10.17221/193/2020-CJAS
File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/193/2020-CJAS.html
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:66:y:2021:i:4:id:193-2020-CJAS

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zvonko Antunović
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Production and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
Author-Name: Boro Mioč
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Author-Name: Zdenko Lončarić
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Environment Protection, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
Author-Name: Željka Klir Šalavardić
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Production and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
Author-Name: Ivan Širić
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Author-Name: Valentino Držaić
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
Author-Name: Josip Novoselec
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Production and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, J. J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
Title: Changes of macromineral and trace element concentration in the blood of ewes during lactation period
Abstract: The aim of the present research was to determine the changes in macromineral and trace element concentrations in ewes' blood during the lactation period. Thirty-six Travnik pramenka ewes at the average age of 3-5 years were included in research and they were evaluated at three stages of lactation: early stage (40 ± 5 days of lactation), medium stage (80 ± 5 days of lactation) and late stage (120 ± 5 days of lactation). In ewes' blood concentrations of macroelements (Ca, P, K, Na, Mg) and trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mo, Co, Se, Cd, As) were determined. The average concentrations of macroelements and trace elements in the blood of ewes during lactation were mostly within the reference values. Se concentrations in blood were close to the deficient ones, while concentrations of Cd and As were negligible. Concentration of Ca in blood was the lowest in the early lactation stage, higher in the late stage, and the highest in the medium stage (88.25 mg/l, 96.43 mg/l and 103.43 mg/l, respectively). A significant increase in the concentrations of Mg, Co and Cd and a significant decrease in the concentrations of Na, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mo and Se were found in blood with lactation progress. Significant correlations between the studied parameters were found, especially between macroelements (Ca : K, P : Na, K : Na, K : Mg). Positive correlations were found between some macroelements and trace elements (Ca : Co, Ca : Cd, K : Co, Na : Zn, Na : Se) and between trace elements (Fe : Cu, Cu : Zn, Cu : Mo, Cu : Se, Zn : Se, Mo : Se and Co : As). Negative correlations were found between Ca and Cu, Ca and Mo, P and Cd, K and Cu. Obtained results may help in monitoring the nutritional status and health of ewes during the lactation period, providing a clearer idea related to the supply of macrominerals and trace elements to ewes. Besides, results indicated that the environment of the farming area was not polluted with toxic elements. 
Keywords: essential elements, heavy metals, blood serum, lactating sheep
Journal: Czech Journal of Animal Science
Pages: 129-136
Volume: 66
Issue: 4
Year: 2021
DOI: 10.17221/250/2020-CJAS
File-URL: http://cjas.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/250/2020-CJAS.html
File-Format: text/html
X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/cjs-202104-0004.txt
Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlcjs:v:66:y:2021:i:4:id:250-2020-CJAS